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How to Study Consciousness in Consumer Research, A Commentary on Williams and Poehlman

Bibliographic Data

ID11624364
AuthorsSteven Swelden (0000-0002-4145-694X, Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Burgemeester Oudlaan, corresponding author), Steven Sweldens (Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Burgemeester Oudlaan), Mirjam A Tuk (Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK), Mirjam Tuk (0000-0003-0894-9598, Erasmus University Rotterdam), Mandy Hütter (0000-0002-0952-3831, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Fachbereich Psychologie, Schleichstr. 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany)
EditorsDarren Dahl, Eileen Fischer (0000-0002-8212-0414), Gita Johar, Vicki Morwitz
Year2017
Volume44
Issue2
Pages266-275
Publication date2017-02-15
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Consumer Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0093-5301 • E-ISSN: 1537-5277
PublisherOxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1093/jcr/ucx044
OpenAlexW2763918885
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited50

Consumer research can benefit greatly from more insight into unconscious processes underlying behavior. Williams and Poehlman’s effort at more clearly conceptualizing consciousness and call for more research provides a welcome stimulus in this regard. At the same time, providing evidence for unconscious causation is fraught with methodological difficulties. We outline why it is vital to uphold standards of evidence for claims regarding unconscious processes, as it is precisely a lack of rigor on this front that has generated a countermovement by researchers skeptical of dual-process models in general and unconscious processes in particular. We contend that the skeptics have offered valid causes for concern, which we leverage to formulate six concrete recommendations for future research on consciousness. Researchers should (1) specify the process level at which they claim evidence for unconscious processes, (2) not confuse unconscious influences with unconscious processes, (3) carefully choose between different operational definitions of awareness, (4) maximally satisfy four criteria for awareness measures, and (5) complement measurement with experimental manipulations of awareness. Finally, we recommend to (6) refrain from hard claims about unconscious causation that transcend the limitations of the evidence, recognizing that consciousness is a continuous construct

Causation · Certainty · Cognitive psychology · Cognitive science · Collective unconscious · Consciousness · Construct (python library · Epistemology · Personal unconscious · Process (computing · Psychoanalysis · Skepticism · Unconscious mind · Computer Science · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies · Philosophy · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social Psychology

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Unique citing works7
Citations per year0,88
Citation span2018 - 2024 (7)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 7
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