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Garden Range 2

Taungurung rock art rockshelter site reveals 11,000 years of Aboriginal occupation of the Strathbogie Ranges, Central Victoria

Bibliographic Data

ID11955751
AuthorsI J Mcniven (0000-0001-5767-2199, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia, corresponding author), Jeremy Ash (0000-0003-0306-6307, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia), Jerome Mialanes (0000-0002-6790-7542, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia), Matthew C Mcdowell (0000-0001-8009-4171, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia), Janelle Stevenson (0000-0001-9640-7275, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, Australia), Simon Tener (Australian National University), Richard Fullagar (0000-0003-1047-1466, The University of Western Australia), Elspeth Hayes (0000-0001-6897-8142, University of Wollongong), Judith H Field (0000-0001-6807-1858, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia), Joe Crouch (0000-0003-2825-0370, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia), Robert Gunn (0000-0002-7565-8697, Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia), Taungurung Land and Waters Council
Year2024
Volume90
Issue2
Pages152-181
Publication date2024-05-03
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAustralian Archaeology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0312-2417 • E-ISSN: 2470-0363
PublisherTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/03122417.2024.2370602
OpenAlexW4400740679
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited75

This paper provides new insights into the long-term history of Aboriginal use of mountainous Victoria over the past 25,000 years. It presents results of excavations at Garden Range 2 rock art site located on the edge of the Strathbogie Ranges in central Victoria. The excavations were a research collaboration between the Taungurung Land and Waters Council (TLaWC) and Monash University. Results indicate possible ephemeral visitation by the Old People during the Last Glacial Maximum, clear evidence of occupation over the past 11,000 years, and increased activity since 1600 cal BP. The stone artefact assemblage is dominated by flakes of local quartz. Three igneous flakes from ground-edge axes, dating to after 700 cal BP, are contemporary with a grinding stone showing use-wear and residues from stone axe maintenance. The faunal assemblage is dominated by forest and grassland animals, such as macropod and emu, with mussel shells and fish bones indicating the use of nearby Seven Creeks. The rarity of ochre within sediments precludes insights into the age of rock art paintings on the shelter’s surface. Fossil pollen documents the nineteenth-century European forest clearances, a period when Taungurung people’s use of the site became unsafe. Unburnt fragments of rabbit and sheep bone suggest subsequent use of the site as a fox den. Garden Range 2 illustrates Aboriginal use of mountainous central Victoria during periods of significant environmental changes in the Early Holocene and possibly in the Late Pleistocene. These chronological patterns, including increased activity in the central Victorian uplands during the Late Holocene, match emerging chronological patterns of long-term use of other mountainous regions of southeastern Australia. How sites like Garden Range 2 relate to broader long-term Aboriginal use of more elevated sub-alpine and alpine (snow country) zones of central and eastern Victoria is a question for future archaeological research

Archaeology · Art · Geography · Project commissioning · Publishing · Range (aeronautics · Rock art · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies · Engineering · History · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

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Unique citing works1
Citations per year1
Citation span2026 - 2026 (1)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1
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