Structural Models of the Relations of Assault Severity, Social Support, Avoidance Coping, Self-Blame, and PTSD Among Sexual Assault Survivors
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12005686 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Sarah E Ullman (0000-0002-9530-5389, University of Illinois Chicago, corresponding author), Stephanie M Townsend (University of Illinois Chicago), Stephanie Townsend (University of Illinois Chicago), Henrietta H Filipas (University of Illinois Chicago), Laura L Starzynski (University of Illinois Chicago) |
| Year | 2007 |
| Volume | 31 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 23-37 |
| Publication date | 2007-02-10 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Psychology of Women Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0361-6843 • E-ISSN: 1471-6402 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00328.x |
| OpenAlex | W1972081569 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 104 |
| References cited | 64 |
A number of studies have identified which survivors of sexual assault are more likely to develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Most correlates that have been identified have been at the individual level. Insufficient attention has been given to whether survivors' social interactions impact their individual responses to assault and subsequent levels of psychological symptomatology. In this study, a large, diverse sample of community-residing women ( N = 636) was surveyed. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between assault severity, global support, negative social reactions, avoidance coping, self-blame, traumatic life experiences, and PTSD symptoms. The results suggest that negative social reactions and avoidance coping are the strongest correlates of PTSD symptoms and that the association typically observed between victim self-blame and PTSD symptoms may be partially due to the effect of negative social reactions from others. These reactions may contribute to both self-blame and PTSD. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed
Avoidance coping · Blame · Coping (psychology · Injury prevention · Medical emergency · Poison control · Posttraumatic stress · Psychiatry · Sexual assault · Social support · Child Abuse and Trauma · Clinical Psychology · Medicine · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Psychology · Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies · Social Psychology
Prison rape and psychological sequelae
Associations Between Sexual Coercion and Desire Among Women Partnered with Men
Sexual assault victimization and psychopathology
A 10-Year Update of “Review and Critique of Empirical Studies of Rape Avoidance”
Trauma coping strategies and psychological distress
Community case study
College students’ perspectives on healing following an unwanted sexual experience
Nonconsensual Sexual Experience Histories of Incarcerated Men
Sexual Assault Gossip
Psychosocial Consequences of Sexual Assault on Women
The complexity of trauma types in the lives of women in families referred for family violence
Pathways to posttraumatic growth versus posttraumatic stress
Talking about sexual assault
Trauma-Informed Sex Positive Approaches to Sexual Pleasure
“I Still Feel Like I Am Not Normal”
Conceptualizing Mindfulness and Acceptance as Components of Psychological Resilience to Trauma
Silenced Suffering
The Insidiousness of Institutional Betrayal
Trapped Within the Couple
Social constraints, posttraumatic cognitions, and posttraumatic stress disorder in treatment-seeking trauma survivors
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Unsupported or Turned Against
Stigma-Threat Motivated Nondisclosure of Sexual Assault and Sexual Revictimization
Social Network Changes and Disclosure Responses After Sexual Assault
A Socioecological Model of Rape Survivors' Decisions to Aid in Case Prosecution
Sexual Objectification Racial Microaggressions Amplify the Positive Relation Between Sexual Assault and Posttraumatic Stress Among Black Women
Latent Profiles of Social Reactions to Sexual Assault Disclosure Among Undergraduate Women
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Victimization and Food Addiction Symptoms
Effects of Ingroup Bias and Gender Role Violations on Acquaintance Rape Attributions
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The Cultural Context of Nondisclosure of Alcohol-Involved Acquaintance Rape Among Asian American College Women
Preliminary Prevalence Estimates of Sexual Exploitation as Measured by the Sexual Experiences Survey-Victimization (SES-V) in a National US Sample
Psychological Symptoms Associated with Sexual Victimization Experiences
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Sexual assault-characteristics effects on PTSD and psychosocial mediators
Women with PTSD benefit more from psychotherapy than men
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Predictors of differential PTSD treatment outcomes between veteran and civilian women after cognitive processing therapy
Relationship between negative social reactions to sexual assault disclosure and mental health outcomes of Black and White female survivors
Childhood Trauma and College Sexual Harassment
Sexual Victimization Disclosure
Investigation of the Relation Between PTSD Symptoms and Self-Compassion
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Veterans Health Administration Screening for Military Sexual Trauma May Not Capture Over Half of Cases Among Midlife Women Veterans
Relationship Difficulties Postrape
Avoidance Coping as a Vulnerability Factor for Negative Drinking Consequences Among Injury Survivors Experiencing PTSD Symptoms
Facing the fear
A National US Study of 906 Women’s Qualitative Accounts of Their Reactions During Sexual Assault
The impact of college men’s sexual coercion perpetration on proclivity toward sexual assault and their cognitive and emotional reactions
Sexual coercion context and psychosocial correlates among diverse males
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Examining Cultural, Social, and Self-Related Aspects of Stigma in Relation to Sexual Assault and Trauma Symptoms
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Psychological Consequences of Sexual Victimization Resulting From Force, Incapacitation, or Verbal Coercion
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Associations Between Sexual Assault Victimization and Risky Drinking Within College Women’s Personal Networks
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Do Differing Types of Victimization and Coping Strategies Influence the Type of Social Reactions Experienced by Current Victims of Intimate Partner Violence
Assessing the Impact of Online Social Reactions to Disclosure of Sexual Victimization via #MeToo on PTSD Symptoms Accounting for In-Person Social Reactions to Disclosure
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Why Do Women Talk About It? Reasons for Disclosure of Sexual Victimization and Associated Symptomology
Perceptions of Similarity and Responsibility Attributions to an Acquaintance Sexual Assault Victim
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Male Survivors’ Disclosure of Conflict‐Related Sexual Violence in Mental Health Care Settings
Sexual Assault
Familial Sex Trafficking of Minors
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Why Doesn't She Just Report It? Apprehensions and Contradictions for Women Who Report Sexual Violence to the Police
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An experimental examination of alcohol consumption, alcohol expectancy, and self‐blame on willingness to report a hypothetical rape
Predicting rape events
Social Reactions to Sexual Assault Disclosure, Coping, Perceived Control, and PTSD Symptoms in Sexual Assault Victims
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The role of perpetrator similarity in reactions toward innocent victims
Post–Sexual Assault Health Care Utilization Among OEF/OIF Servicewomen
Sexual Coercion Among Black and White Teenagers
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Understanding Perceptions of Victimization
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence in Emerging Adulthood
Attributions for Discriminatory Events and Satisfaction with Social Support in Gay Men
Avoiding Experiences
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Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women.
Social support and recovery from sexual assault
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The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder
Epidemiology of trauma
Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults.
Social Support Research in Community Psychology
Assessing traumatic event exposure
Outcomes of single versus multiple trauma exposure in a screening sample
Community services for rape survivors
Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women
Disclosure of traumas and immune function
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Adult sexual assault
Preventing the “Second Rape”
Predictors of PTSD symptom severity and social reactions in sexual assault victims
The scope of rape
Sexual Experiences Survey
The Psychological Impact of Rape
Conceptualizing the Harm done by Rape
Violence Against Women
Social Reactions, Coping Strategies, and Self-Blame Attributions in Adjustment to Sexual Assault
Psychometric Characteristics of the Social Reactions Questionnaire
Supportive and unsupportive responses of others to rape victims
Establishing enduring prevention programs
The Community Response to Rape
Sexual assault history, PTSD, and mental health service seeking in a national sample of women
Adjustment to rape
Victim attributions and post-rape trauma
Perceived control and distress following sexual assault
Assessing coping strategies
Talking facilitates cognitive–emotional processes of adaptation to an acute stressor
Characterological versus behavioral self-blame
Social Support and Health
A Model of Mental Health, Life Events, and Social Supports Applicable to General Populations
Depression-Mobility and Its Social Etiology
| Unique citing works | 104 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,47 |
| Citation span | 2007 - 2026 (20) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 102 |