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Measuring Transgender and Nonbinary Identities in Online Surveys

Evidence from Two National Election Studies

Bibliographic Data

ID12376742
AuthorsQuinn M Albaugh (0000-0003-0199-2323, Queen's University, corresponding author), Allison Harell (0000-0002-5099-0044, Université du Québec), Peter John Loewen (0000-0003-2690-4158, Cornell University), Daniel Rubenson (0000-0001-6887-2735, University of Toronto), Laura B Stephenson (0000-0003-3526-8624, University of Western Ontario)
Year2025
Volume58
Issue3
Pages406-412
Publication date2025-03-18
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePS Political Science & Politics (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1049-0965 • E-ISSN: 1537-5935
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s1049096525000137
OpenAlexW4408580869
LanguageEN
References cited14

Survey researchers increasingly recognize the need to update their gender questions to recognize the existence of transgender and nonbinary people. In this research note, we evaluate changes to the Canadian Election Study (CES) gender questions from 2019 to 2021. Our analyses suggest researchers should add “nonbinary” as a close-ended option and an open-ended response option to gender identity questions. They also suggest that researchers should not include “transgender” in a separate, mutually exclusive response option alongside men and women in gender identity questions but instead identify transgender men and women through a follow-up question. These recommendations can help guide the design of future surveys

National election · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Transgender · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Studies · Law · LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy · Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research

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Highly citedNo
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