Human rights activism after the movement ends

Global lessons from Kenya’s unfinished “revolution”

Bibliographic Data

ID12720161
AuthorsRobert M Pre (0000-0003-2579-2019, University of Southern Mississippi, corresponding author)
Year2022
Volume22
Issue2
Pages234-251
Publication date2022-08-02
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Human Rights (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1475-4835 • E-ISSN: 1475-4843
PublisherTaylor & Francis (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/14754835.2022.2097999
OpenAlexW4289523874
LanguageEN
References cited28

Some 30 years after their dangerous human rights activism in Kenya that challenged an authoritarian regime and won multiparty democracy, more than half the leading survivors were still politically active. Three were governors, one was the Supreme Court Chief Justice, five were human rights activists; others were attorneys or otherwise politically engaged. This study provides fresh insights on the theory of cycles of social movements and offers global implications for movements in other countries. The decline of social movements “remains relatively understudied from an empirical standpoint.” The study builds on the cycle theories of Tarrow, considered the “leading theoretician of protest cycles.” It finds that (1) long after a protest movement has ended, some activists may continue individual activism in line with the goals of the movement or a subset of goals; (2) partial victories or regime concessions tend to weaken cohesiveness of a movement and make subsequent victories harder; (3) regime change, although more dangerous, in some ways is easier than regime reform. The findings are based on interviews conducted by the author, mostly in Nairobi, with the leading veteran activists and others between 2019 and 2021, plus archival reviews

Amnesty · Authoritarianism · Democracy · Economic Justice · Group cohesiveness · Human rights · Human rights movement · International human rights law · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Right to property · Social movement · Sociology · Cambodian History and Society · Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics · Law · Political Conflict and Governance