Equity implications of rice fortification
A modelling study from Nepal
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15095026 |
|---|---|
| Authors | N Saville (0000-0002-1735-3684, University College London, corresponding author), Macharaja Maharjan, D S Manandhar (0000-0001-8699-6774, Mother and Infant Research Activities), Helen A Harris-Fry, Helen Harris–Fry (0000-0003-2367-908X, University of London) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 15 |
| Pages | 2824-2839 |
| Publication date | 2020-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Public Health Nutrition (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1368-9800 • E-ISSN: 1475-2727 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s1368980020001020 |
| PMID | 32627728 |
| OpenAlex | W3039888791 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 49 |
Objective: To model the potential impact and equity impact of fortifying rice on nutritional adequacy of different subpopulations in Nepal. Design: Using 24-h dietary recall data and a household consumption survey, we estimated: rice intakes; probability of adequacy (PA) of eight micronutrients commonly fortified in rice (vitamin A, niacin (B 3 ), pyridoxine (B 6 ), cobalamin (B 12 ), thiamin (B 1 ), folate (B 9 ), Fe and Zn) plus riboflavin (B 2 ), vitamin C and Ca and mean probability of adequacy (MPA) of these micronutrients. We modelled: no fortification; fortification of purchased rice, averaged across all households and in rice-buying households only. We compared adequacy increases between population subgroups. Setting: (i) Dhanusha and Mahottari districts of Nepal (24-h recall) and (ii) all agro-ecological zones of Nepal (consumption data). Participants: (i) Pregnant women ( n 128), mothers-in-law and male household heads; (ii) households ( n 4360). Results: Unfortified diets were especially inadequate in vitamins B 12 , A, B 9, Zn and Fe. Fortification of purchased rice in rice-purchasing households increased PA > 0·9 for thiamin, niacin, B 6 , folate and Zn, but B 12 and Fe remained inadequate even after fortification (PA range 0·3–0·9). Pregnant women’s increases exceeded men’s for thiamin, niacin, B 6 , folate and MPA; men had larger gains in vitamin A, B 12 and Zn. Adequacy improved more in the hills (coefficient 0·08 (95 % CI 0·05, 0·10)) and mountains (coefficient 0·07 (95 % CI 0·01, 0·14)) but less in rural areas (coefficient −0·05 (95 % CI −0·09, −0·01)). Conclusions: Consumption of purchased fortified rice improves adequacy and gender equity of nutrient intake, especially in non-rice-growing areas
Animal science · B vitamins · Biology · Environmental health · Fortification · Micronutrient · Niacin · Pantothenic acid · Population · Riboflavin · Vitamin · Vitamin b · Chemistry · Child Nutrition and Water Access · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Iron Metabolism and Disorders · Medicine · Food Science · Internal Medicine · Toxicology
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| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,6 |
| Citation span | 2021 - 2023 (3) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |