CRP Genotypes Predict Increased Risk to Co-Present with Low Vitamin D and Elevated CRP in a Group of Healthy Black South African Women

Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations are independently associated with adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although an inverse association between these factors has been described, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We postulate that environment-gene interactions, through which 25(OH)D interacts with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the CRP gene, modulate CRP; that certain CRP genotypes predispose individuals to a co-phenotype of low 25(OH)D and elevated CRP concentrations; and that this co-phenotype is associated with higher CVD risk. Twelve CRP SNPs were genotyped, and both 25(OH)D and CRP were quantified, in 505 black South African women. Alarmingly, 66% and 60% of the women presented with deficient/insufficient 25(OH)D and elevated CRP concentrations, respectively. CRP concentrations were higher in individuals with lower 25(OH)D concentrations. However, no 25(OH)D- CRP genotype interactions were evident. Several genotypes were associated with an altered risk of presenting with the co-phenotype, indicating a genetic predisposition. Women presenting with this co-phenotype had higher blood pressure and increased anthropometric measures, which may predispose them to develop CVD. We recommend increasing vitamin D fortification and supplementation efforts to reduce inflammation among black women with vitamin D deficiency, thereby possibly curbing diseases contingent on the co-phenotype described here

Anthropometry · Biology · C-reactive protein · Gene · Genotype · Inflammation · Phenotype · Single-nucleotide polymorphism · Vitamin D and neurology · vitamin D deficiency · Medicine · Therapeutic Uses of Natural Elements · Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research · Vitamin D Research Studies · Endocrinology · Genetics · Internal Medicine · Physiology

• The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (Pure) study

  Open Access•Kejia Teo, Koon Teo et al.•American Heart Journal•2009

  Añadir item

• Estimation of the Concentration of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Plasma, Without Use of the Preparative Ultracentrifuge

  Open Access•William T Friedewald, Robert I Levy et al.•Clinical Chemistry•1972

  Añadir item

• Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency

  Open Access•Michael F Holick, Neil Binkley et al.•The Journal of Clinical…•2011

  Añadir item

• Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation

  Open Access•Nina G Jablonski, Nina Jablonski et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2010

  Añadir item

• Vitamin D Deficiency

  Michael F Holick•New England Journal of Medicine•2007

  Añadir item

• The Validity and Practicality of Sun-Reactive Skin Types I Through VI

  Thomas B Fitzpatrick•Archives of Dermatology•1988

  Añadir item

• Vitamin D deficiency

  Open Access•Michael F Holick, Tai C Chen•American Journal of Clinical…•2008

  Añadir item

• Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults

  Open Access•Cornelie Nienaber‐Rousseau, Olusola F Sotunde et al.•International Journal of…•2017

  Añadir item

• A combination of statistical methods for the analysis of the relative validation data of the quantitative food frequency questionnaire used in the THUSA study

  Open Access•UE MacIntyre, CS Venter et al.•Public Health Nutrition•2001

  Añadir item