Effectiveness of a Malaria Surveillance Strategy Based on Active Case Detection during High Transmission Season in the Peruvian Amazon

Bibliographic Data

ID15501545
AuthorsDiamantina Moreno-Gutierrez (0000-0001-7972-8595, University of Antwerp, corresponding author), Alejandro Llanos‐cuenta (0000-0002-7567-5534, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Jose Barboza (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Jose Luis Barboza (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Juan Contreras‐Mancilla (0000-0003-0447-0926, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Juan Contreras-Mancilla (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Dionicia Gamboa (0000-0002-1420-7729, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Hugo Rodríguez (0000-0003-1527-1842, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana), Gabriel Carrasco‐Escobar (0000-0002-6945-0419, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Raphaël Boreux (University of Liège), Marie‐Pierre Hayette (0000-0002-9025-6493, University of Liège), Philippe Beutels (0000-0001-5034-3595, University of Antwerp), Niko Speybroeck (0000-0003-3322-3502, UCLouvain), Ángel Rosas-Aguirre (0000-0002-3271-7028, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia)
Year2018
Volume15
Issue12
Pages2670-2670
Publication date2018-11-27
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/ijerph15122670
PMID30486449
OpenAlexW2902330464
LanguageEN
References cited37

Background: Faced with the resurgence of malaria, malaria surveillance in the Peruvian Amazon incorporated consecutive active case detection (ACD) interventions using light microscopy (LM) as reactive measure in communities with an unusual high number of cases during high transmission season (HTS). We assessed the effectiveness in malaria detection of this local ACD-based strategy. Methods: A cohort study was conducted in June−July 2015 in Mazan, Loreto. Four consecutive ACD interventions at intervals of 10 days were conducted in four riverine communities (Gamitanacocha, Primero de Enero, Libertad and Urco Miraño). In each intervention, all inhabitants were visited at home, and finger-prick blood samples collected for immediate diagnosis by LM and on filter paper for later analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Effectiveness was calculated by dividing the number of malaria infections detected using LM by the number of malaria infections detected by delayed qPCR. Results : Most community inhabitants (88.1%, 822/933) were present in at least one of the four ACD interventions. A total of 451 infections were detected by qPCR in 446 participants (54.3% of total participants); five individuals had two infections. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (79.8%), followed by P. falciparum (15.3%) and P. vivax - P. falciparum co-infections (4.9%). Most qPCR-positive infections were asymptomatic (255/448, 56.9%). The ACD-strategy using LM had an effectiveness of 22.8% (detection of 103 of the total qPCR-positive infections). Children aged 5−14 years, and farming as main economic activity were associated with P. vivax infections. Conclusions: Although the ACD-strategy using LM increased the opportunity of detecting and treating malaria infections during HTS, the number of detected infections was considerably lower than the real burden of infections (those detected by qPCR)

Amazon rainforest · Biology · Environmental health · Epidemiological surveillance · Geography · Malaria · Telecommunications · Transmission (telecommunications · Computational Drug Discovery Methods · Computer Science · Malaria Research and Control · Medicine · Mosquito-borne diseases and control · Ecology · Epidemiology · Immunology · Virology