Closing the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction gap
An archetype analysis of last-mile countries
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19529554 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Preetika Banerjee (0000-0002-6129-5020, Johns Hopkins University), Jasmine Huber (0009-0008-6708-0646, Johns Hopkins University), Veronica Denti (Gavi), Molly Sauer (0000-0002-5837-6997, Johns Hopkins University), Rose Weeks (0000-0003-0171-5043, Johns Hopkins University), Baldeep K Dhaliwal (0000-0001-5021-3432, Johns Hopkins University), Anita Shet (0000-0002-7204-8164, Johns Hopkins University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 2281065-2281065 |
| Publication date | 2023-12-31 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Global Health Action (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1654-9716 • E-ISSN: 1654-9880 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1080/16549716.2023.2281065 |
| PMID | 38084434 |
| OpenAlex | W4389622798 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 36 |
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia remains the leading infectious cause of global childhood deaths, despite the availability of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) products and widespread evidence of their safety and efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To map the landscape of countries that are yet to fully include PCV in their National Immunization Programs, we conducted an archetype analysis of country indicators related to barriers and facilitators for PCV decision-making. METHODS: We created a country matrix focused on three key domains - health characteristics, immunisation factors, and policy framework, and identified ten related indicators. We scored countries based on indicator performance and subsequently ranked and grouped them into three archetypes of low-, moderate-, and high-barrier countries with regard to PCV introduction. RESULTS: Our results indicated 39 countries (33 low- and middle-income countries [LMICs] and 6 high-income countries) that are yet to introduce PCV. Among LMICs, 15 countries were classified as 'low-barrier,' indicating factors favourable for PCV introduction such as high immunisation coverage of common childhood vaccines, supportive governments, and substantial disease burden and eligibility for Gavi support. Countries classified in the 'moderate-barrier' (12) and 'high-barrier' (6) archetypes demonstrated adequate capacity in immunisation systems but had competing national priorities and cost barriers that impeded policy decision-making on PCV introduction. CONCLUSIONS: The current health and policy indicator-based categorisation provides an actionable framework to design tailored PCV advocacy within these last-mile countries. Policy approaches emerging from this framework can lead to strengthened decision-making on vaccine introduction and sustained vaccine access that can enhance child survival worldwide
Archetype · Biology · Geography · Mile · Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine · Political science · Streptococcus pneumoniae · Medicine · Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections · Respiratory viral infections research · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy · Virology
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| Unique citing works | 3 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3 |
| Citation span | 2025 - 2025 (1) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |