Impact of DREAMS interventions on experiences of violence among adolescent girls and young women
Findings from population-based cohort studies in Kenya and South Africa
Bibliographic Data
DREAMS aims to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) by tackling drivers of HIV risk including gender-based violence. We evaluate the impact of DREAMS on recent experiences of violence perpetuated by men against AGYW. AGYW cohorts were randomly selected from demographic platforms in South Africa (rural KwaZulu-Natal) and Kenya (Nairobi informal settlements and rural Gem sub-county). AGYW aged 13–22 years were enrolled in 2017 (Nairobi, KwaZulu-Natal) or 2018 (Gem), with annual follow-up to 2019. We described proportions of AGYW who self-reported experiences of violence perpetrated by males in the 12 months preceding the interview, overall and by form (physical, sexual, emotional). We investigated associations with DREAMS (invitation to participate during 2017–2018) through multivariable propensity score-adjusted logistic regression and estimated the causal effect of DREAMS on experiences of violence, under counter-factual scenarios in which all versus no AGYW were DREAMS beneficiaries. Among 852, 1018 and 1712 AGYW followed-up in 2019 in Nairobi, Gem and KZN, respectively, proportions reporting any violence in 2019 were higher in Nairobi (29%) than Gem (18%) and KwaZulu-Natal (19%). By sub-type, emotional and physical violence were more frequently reported than sexual violence. We found no evidence of an impact attributable to DREAMS on overall levels of violence, in any setting. Nor was there evidence of impact on sub-types of violence, with one exception: an increase in physical violence in Nairobi if all, versus no, AGYW were DREAMS beneficiaries (16% vs 11%; +5% difference [95% CI: +0.2%, +10.0%]). Experiences of gender-based violence were common among AGYW, especially in urban settings, and DREAMS had no measurable impact on reducing violence within three years of implementation. Violence prevention programming that reaches more men and the broader community, sustained for longer periods, may yield greater gains in violence reduction than AGYW-focused programming. Additionally, more investment in implementation research is needed to bridge trial-based study findings from efficacy to population-level effectiveness
Cohort · Domestic violence · Environmental health · Geography · Logistic regression · Poison control · Population · Psychiatry · Psychological intervention · Sexual violence · Sociology · Suicide prevention · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health · Demography · Intimate Partner and Family Violence · Medicine · Nursing · Psychology · Sex work and related issues
What works to prevent violence against women from 2000-2024
Systematic review of cash plus or bundled interventions targeting adolescents in Africa to reduce HIV risk
Looking for the future – Hope and adolescent risk behaviour in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
A Mixed-Method Evaluation of the Association Between Attitudes Toward Gender-Based Violence and Sexual Behaviors Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Rustenburg, South Africa
Education Groups for Men Who Batter
Gender-based violence and HIV
Effect of a structural intervention for the prevention of intimate-partner violence and HIV in rural South Africa
The intersection of intimate partner violence against women and HIV/Aids
Reducing bias through directed acyclic graphs
The DREAMS core package of interventions
Stepping Stones and Creating Futures Intervention to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence Among Young People
Global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors for young people's health during 1990–2013
Intimate partner violence and HIV infection among women
Causal Diagrams for Epidemiologic Research
Findings from the Sasa! Study
Cohort Profile
Effectiveness of an integrated intimate partner violence and HIV prevention intervention in Rakai, Uganda
Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence
Recent intimate partner violence against women and health
Cash transfers and domestic violence
The Global Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Prevalence and Health Impact of Intimate Partner Violence and Non-partner Sexual Violence Among Female Adolescents Aged 15–19 Years in Vulnerable Urban Environments
Intimate Partner Violence and Incident Depressive Symptoms and Suicide Attempts
Perpetration of partner violence and HIV risk behaviour among young men in the rural Eastern Cape, South Africa
Health & Demographic Surveillance System Profile
Process evaluation of a community mobilization intervention for preventing men’s partner violence use in peri-urban South Africa
‘Sasa! is the medicine that treats violence’. Qualitative findings on how a community mobilisation intervention to prevent violence against women created change in Kampala, Uganda
A global comprehensive review of economic interventions to prevent intimate partner violence and HIV risk behaviours
Does Physical Intimate Partner Violence Affect Sexual Health
IPV victimization in pregnancy increases postpartum STI incidence among adolescent mothers in Durban, South Africa
Girl Empower – A gender transformative mentoring and cash transfer intervention to promote adolescent wellbeing
HIV non-testing, perpetration of violence against women, and sexual risk-behaviour
Awareness and uptake of layered HIV prevention programming for young women
HIV mortality in urban slums of Nairobi, Kenya 2003–2010
Evaluating the impact of the DREAMS partnership to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women in four settings
Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention
The impact of the Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (Agep) on short and long term social, economic, education and fertility outcomes
The Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention to prevent intimate partner violence and HIV-risk behaviours in Durban, South Africa
Effects of PREPARE, a Multi-component, School-Based HIV and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Prevention Programme on Adolescent Sexual Risk Behaviour and IPV
Partner violence and HIV testing uptake among Ethiopian women
Violence victimisation and aspirations–expectations disjunction among adolescent girls in urban Kenya
Intersection of Intimate Partner Violence and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Effects of Government-Implemented Cash Plus Model on Violence Experiences and Perpetration Among Adolescents in Tanzania, 2018‒2019
The effects of an abusive primary partner on the condom use and sexual negotiation practices of African-American women
When She Brings Home the Bacon
| Unique citing works | 4 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2 |
| Citation span | 2024 - 2026 (3) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 3 |