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Femur Length and Famine Mortality in Medieval London

Bibliographic Data

ID21249784
AuthorsN Dewitte (0000-0003-0754-8485, University of South Carolina), Samantha L Yaussy (0000-0001-7069-2637, University of South Carolina)
Year2017
Volume1
Issue3–4
Publication date2017-12-28
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueBioarchaeology International (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2472-8349 • E-ISSN: 2472-8357
PublisherUniversity Press of Florida (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.5744/bi.2017.1009
OpenAlexW2780071749
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited27

From the twelfth to the sixteenth century, London was one of Europe’s largest urban centers and suffered from frequent cereal shortages that were capable of instigating massive famine-related mortality. To assess biological susceptibility to these crises, this study examines the association between femur length (as a proxy for stature) and interment in famine burials in London during this period using a sample of 858 individuals buried in the St. Mary Spital cemetery (SRP98, c. 1120–1539). SRP98 includes both single and multiple interments, and the dating and demographic profiles of the latter suggest they were used during famines. Hierarchical log-linear analysis reveals a significantly higher proportion of individuals with short femora in putative famine burials compared to contemporaneous attritional burials; this association exists independent of an age or sex effect. These results suggest that people who experienced nutritional deprivations or other deleterious conditions during development severe enough to interfere with growth were more likely to die during conditions of famine than was true under normal conditions of mortality. These results might reflect an exacerbation of underlying vulnerabilities in the face of starvation and attendant infectious diseases during times of medieval famine that elevated the mortality risks of relatively frail individuals even higher than they would have been during non-famine years.Keywords: famine; frailty; stature; St. Mary Spital cemeteryDurante los siglos XII a XVI d.C., Londres, Inglaterra fue uno de los centros urbanos más grandes de Europa, y la ciudad sufrió frecuentemente de una escasez de los cereales, que contribuyó a la gran mortalidad por hambre. Para evaluar la susceptibilidad biológica a estas crisis de hambre, este estudio examina la asociación entre la longitud del fémur (como representación de estatura) y los entierros de las mujeres que fueron enterradas entre los siglos XII a XVI en Londres. El estudio usa un muestreo de 858 individuos del cementerio St. Mary Spital (SRP98 c. 1120–1539). SRP98 incluye los entierros individuales y múltiples. La datación y los perfiles demográficos de los entierros múltiples sugieren que fueron utilizados durante las épocas de hambruna. Los análisis jerárquicos del modelo log-linear revelan que hay más individuos con fémures cortos en los entierros asociados con el hambre, comparado con los entierros más contemporáneos; esta asociación existe independiente del efecto de la edad o el sexo. Los resultados sugieren que las personas que sufrían de una falta de nutrición o cualquier otro detrimento de salud que ocurrió durante del desarrollo natural humano estaban en más riesgo de la muerte durante los periodos de hambre que durante las condiciones normales. Los resultados podrían reflejar una exacerbación de las vulnerabilidades a la hambruna y otras enfermedades infecciosas durante los tiempos de hambruna, que contribuyó a un riesgo de muerte en los individuos débiles que era más alto que en los tiempos sin la hambruna

Archaeology · Bioarchaeology · Economic shortage · Famine · Geography · Sociology · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Demography · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies · History · Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management

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Unique citing works8
Citations per year1
Citation span2018 - 2026 (9)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 7
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