Human activities, early farming and natural environment in the north-western Kanto Plain (Central Japan) during the Final Jomon–Early Kofun period (990 cal BCE–330 cal CE) inferred from palynological and archaeobotanical records

Bibliographic Data

ID21264121
AuthorsChristian Leipe (0000-0002-0805-2345, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, corresponding author), Franziska Kobe (0000-0002-5097-0377, Freie Universität Berlin), Anna Schubert (0000-0001-6236-9709, Freie Universität Berlin), Eiko Endo (0009-0001-2031-1506, Surugadai University), Maya Yasui (Nihon University), Hirotaka Koshitsuka (Saitama Prefectural Kumagaya Girls High School), Michiko Ono (Saitama Prefectural Kumagaya Girls High School), Pavel E Tarasov (0000-0002-7219-5009, Freie Universität Berlin), Mayke Wagner (0000-0003-3407-6102, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Zentrale)
Year2024
Volume2
Issue6
Pages100030
Publication date2024-12-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueQuaternary Environments and Humans (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2950-2365 • E-ISSN: 2950-2365
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/j.qeh.2024.100030
OpenAlexW4403285697
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited86

The emergence, spread and intensification of agriculture, the impact of early agriculture on the natural environment and the possible role of climate on subsistence economies and population dynamics are important research questions in Japanese geoarchaeology. New directly dated archaeobotanical records of the Middle Yayoi (390–200 cal BCE, 1σ error) and Early Kofun (210–330 cal CE) periods from the Ikegami archaeological site and a 1300-year palynological record from the nearby Morinji Marsh help address these questions in the Kanto Plain of Central Japan. The pollen record suggests that management of chestnut and horse-chestnut by Final Jomon people in the study region declined around 750 cal BCE. The microcharcoal record indicates that human-induced fire activity decreased after 990 cal BCE and reached a minimum 500 years later, which coincides with the hemispheric-scale Iron Age Cold Epoch and late Bond event 2. Increasing use of fire from ca. 500 cal BCE is contemporaneous with the earliest evidence of millet-rice cultivation from south-western Kanto and the Central Highlands. This and pollen-based indicators of crop cultivation around Morinji Marsh ca. 200 cal BCE are consistent with the 14 C-dated arrival of the first full-scale rice farmers at Ikegami. Their food economy still had a noticeable wild plant component (e.g. beans, walnut, horse-chestnut and acorn), however, the archaeobotanical assemblages from the early Kofun period show a higher focus on rice cultivation and no evidence of a wild plant component. Variations in the charcoal concentrations and archaeobotanical data from the study region help postulate three phases of farming intensification related to cultural diffusion and/or migration. These phases, dated to ca. 500–300, 300–100 cal BCE and 100 cal BCE–250 cal CE, correspond to the pottery typologically defined late Early–early Middle Yayoi, middle–late Middle Yayoi and Late Yayoi periods, respectively

Agriculture · Archaeology · Biology · Geography · Palynology · Physical geography · Pollen · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies · Ecology · Geology