Mental health phenotypes of well-controlled HIV in Uganda

Bibliographic Data

ID22089132
AuthorsLeah H Rubin (0000-0003-2749-6328, Johns Hopkins University, corresponding author), Kyu Cho (University of Missouri–St. Louis), Jacob Bolzenius (0000-0002-2413-2839, University of Missouri–St. Louis), Julie A Mannarino (0009-0007-7272-033X, University of Missouri–St. Louis), Julie Mannarino, Rebecca Easter (0000-0003-4233-0342, Johns Hopkins University), Rebecca E Easter, Raha Dastgheyb (0000-0002-4992-711X, Johns Hopkins University), Raha M Dastgheyb, Aggrey Anok (0000-0002-6320-6394, Rakai Health Sciences Program), Stephen Tomusange (Rakai Health Sciences Program), Deanna Saylor (0000-0002-9297-0244, Johns Hopkins University), Maria J Wawer (0000-0002-3601-4469, Johns Hopkins University), Noeline Nakasujja (0000-0002-8163-4376, Makerere University), Gertrude Nakigozi (0000-0001-6193-2790, Rakai Health Sciences Program), Robert Paul (0000-0003-4225-6103, University of Missouri–St. Louis, corresponding author)
Year2025
Volume12
Pages1407413-1407413
Publication date2025-01-28
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2296-2565 • E-ISSN: 2296-2565
PublisherFrontiers Media SA (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpubh.2024.1407413
PMID39935743
OpenAlexW4406882462
LanguageEN
References cited50

Introduction The phenotypic expression of mental health (MH) conditions among people with HIV (PWH) in Uganda and worldwide are heterogeneous. Accordingly, there has been a shift toward identifying MH phenotypes using data-driven methods capable of identifying novel insights into mechanisms of divergent MH phenotypes among PWH. We leverage the analytic strengths of machine learning combined with inferential methods to identify novel MH phenotypes among PWH and the underlying explanatory features. Methods A total of 277 PWH (46% female, median age = 44; 93% virally suppressed [ 33). Clusters 2 ( n = 32; anxiety phenotype ) and 3 ( n = 130; mixed anxiety/depression phenotype ) reported minimal PTSD symptoms, with modest BAI (Cluster 2) and PHQ-9 (Cluster 3) elevations. Cluster 4 ( n = 39; minimal symptom phenotype ) reported no clinical MH symptom elevations. Comparisons revealed higher rates of sexual abuse during childhood among the PTSD phenotype vs. the minimal symptom phenotype ( p = 0.03). Discussion We identified unique MH phenotypes among PWH and confirmed the importance of early life adversity as an early risk determinant for unfavorable MH among PWH in adulthood

Anxiety · Biology · Gene · Mental health · Phenotype · Psychiatry · Somatization · Clinical Psychology · HIV Research and Treatment · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions · Medicine · Mental Health via Writing · Genetics