Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Playing for Freedom

A Phenomenological Exploration Into Team Sports’ Perceived Influence on PTSD Symptoms in Military Veterans

Bibliographic Data

ID22158267
AuthorsJeffrey M Ward (0009-0000-9577-716X, SUNY Oneonta, corresponding author)
Year2026
Volume12
Issue1
Pages36-54
Publication date2026-02-13
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Veterans Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2470-4768 • E-ISSN: 2470-4768
PublisherVirginia Tech Libraries (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.21061/jvs.v12i1.814
OpenAlexW7128837696
LanguageEN
References cited49

Guided by social cognitive theory, this qualitative study examines how participation in team sports shape PTSD symptoms and psychological well-being among military veterans. Using phenomenological interviews with eight veterans actively engaged in team sports, this study explored shifts in perceptions of PTSD and recovery. Findings indicate benefits veterans described as lifesaving, including attenuation of suicidal ideation, stronger peer support, and renewed identity and purpose. Team participation fostered a sense of belonging, structure, and accountability, which veterans linked to increased resilience and motivation to reengage with family, work, and community. The results suggest that team sports can function as a practical, community-based component of veteran care, complementing clinical services while remaining accessible and low-cost. Implications include designing inclusive programs that prioritize psychological safety, trust, and peer leadership, with routine assessment of engagement and perceived outcomes. This study contributes to veteran studies by foregrounding team sport as a structured, nonclinical intervention and by offering evidence to guide sport managers and support providers seeking to integrate sport with holistic models of care

Athletes · Cognition · Foregrounding · Interpretative phenomenological analysis · Mental health · Perception · Psychological resilience · Mental Health and Patient Involvement · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research · Sport Psychology and Performance

  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

    American Psychiatric Association American Psychiatric Association, Ewer Ewer•Diagnostic And Statistical Manual…•2013

  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

    American Psychiatric Association American Psychiatric Association, American…•Diagnostic and Statistical Manual…•2022

  • Physical Activity and Sports—Real Health Benefits

    Open Access•Christer Malm, Johan Jakobsson et al.•Sports•2019

  • Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery

    Open Access•Charles C Benight, Albert Bandura•Behaviour Research and Therapy•2004

  • Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress

    Open Access•Ben Singh, Timothy Olds et al.•British Journal of Sports Medicine•2023

  • An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders

    Open Access•Brendon Stubbs, Davy Vancampfort et al.•Psychiatry Research•2017

  • Psychotherapy for Military-Related PTSD

    Maria M Steenkamp, Brett T Litz et al.•JAMA•2015

  • Longitudinal linkages between perceived social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms

    Open Access•Krzysztof Kaniasty, Fran H Norris•Journal of Traumatic Stress•2008

  • Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory

    Open Access•Kirk I Erickson, Michelle W Voss et al.•Proceedings of the National…•2011

  • A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for adults

    Open Access•Rochelle M Eime, Janet A Young et al.•International Journal of…•2013

  • Biological mechanisms underlying the role of physical fitness in health and resilience

    Open Access•Marni N Silverman, Patricia A Deuster•Interface Focus•2014

  • Health Promotion by Social Cognitive Means

    Open Access•Albert Bandura•Health Education & Behavior•2004

  • A narrative review of exercise intervention mechanisms for post-traumatic stress disorder in veterans

    Open Access•Fang Zhao, Chuchen Liu et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2025

  • The Evolution Of Social Cognitive Theory

    Albert Bandura•Great minds in management•2005

  • Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research

    Open Access•Rachel H Adler•Journal of Human Lactation•2022

  • Challenges for providing health care in traumatized populations

    Open Access•Evaldas Kazlauskas•Global Health Action•2017

  • Unveiling the Influence of Competitive Sports on the Sense of Self and Identity of Disabled Veterans

    Open Access•Anna Hendrick, Eve Binks et al.•Identity•2024

  • Treatment initiation and dropout from prolonged exposure and cognitive processing therapy in a VA outpatient clinic

    Open Access•Shannon Kehle‐forbe, Laura A Meis et al.•Psychological Trauma Theory…•2015

  • Impact of an 8-Week Exercise and Sport Intervention on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, Mental Health, and Physical Fitness among Male Refugees Living in a Greek Refugee Camp

    Open Access•Florian Knappe, Flora Colledge et al.•International Journal of…•2019

  • Transforming communities through sport? critical pedagogy and sport for development

    Open Access•Ramón Spaaij, Sarah Oxford et al.•Sport Education and Society•2016

  • The Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) of 93 Hierarchically Clustered Techniques

    Susan Michie, Michelle Richardson et al.•Annals of Behavioral Medicine•2013

  • The Effects of Surfing and the Natural Environment on the Well-Being of Combat Veterans

    Open Access•Nick Caddick, Brett Smith et al.•Qualitative Health Research•2015

  • The Constant Comparative Method of Qualitative Analysis

    Barney G Glaser•Social Problems•1965

  • Stress and Health

    Open Access•P A Thoits•Journal of Health and Social…•2010

Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae