Racism in Foucauldian Security Studies

Biopolitics, Liberal War, and the Whitewashing of Colonial and Racial Violence

Bibliographic Data

ID2236850
AuthorsAlison Howell (0000-0002-4814-6872, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, corresponding author), Melanie Richter-Montpetit (0000-0003-3365-3617, University of Sussex)
Year2019
Volume13
Issue1
Pages2-19
Publication date2019-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Political Sociology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1749-5679 • E-ISSN: 1749-5687
DOI10.1093/ips/oly031
OpenAlexW2907853279
LanguageEN
Citations received83
References cited112

This article argues that while Foucauldian security studies (FSS) scholarship on the biopolitics of security and liberal war has not ignored racism, these works largely replicate Foucault's whitewashing of the raciality and coloniality of modern power and violence. Drawing on Black, indigenous, postcolonial and decolonial studies, we show how Foucault's genealogy of biopower rests on an unspecified concept of the “human,” failing to account for how notions of “human” were constituted through the savage and slave other, how enslaved people were rendered into things, and how punitive, sovereign violence persists as a (settler) colonial technique of gratuitous, not merely instrumental, violence. FSS exacerbates these problems. This article challenges two core FSS propositions on liberal war: 1. that “human life cannot ever be secured,” which replicates Foucault's Eurocentric reliance on an unspecified “human” as the object of biopolitics; 2. that “everyone is (potentially) dangerous” and thus open to the punitive/lethal dimensions of liberal power, which reduces racism to a sorting process after the establishment of biopolitics and liberal war, rather than a precondition of it. This “methodological Whiteness” (Bhambra 2017a) results in major oversights in FSS empirical genealogies of: state violence, twenty-first-century digital and molecular revolutions, labor, capital, and enslavement

Biopower · Colonialism · Criminology · Political science · Politics · Racism · Sociology · Geographies of human-animal interactions · Race, History, and American Society · Gender Studies · Law