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Race and Ethnicity in Public Health Research

Models to Explain Health Disparities

Bibliographic Data

ID2296551
AuthorsW W Dressler (0000-0001-7892-2652, University of Alabama), K S Oths (0000-0002-7832-457X, University of Alabama), Clarence C Gravlee (0000-0002-0913-2320, Florida State University)
Year2005
Volume34
Issue1
Pages231-252
Publication date2005-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnual Review of Anthropology (BOOK_SERIES)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0084-6570 • E-ISSN: 1545-4290
PublisherAnnual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120505
OpenAlexW2124160024
LanguageEN
Citations received226
References cited102

The description and explanation of racial and ethnic health disparities are major initiatives of the public health research establishment. Black Americans suffer on nearly every measure of health in relation to white Americans. Five theoretical models have been proposed to explain these disparities: a racial-genetic model, a health-behavior model, a socioeconomic status model, a psychosocial stress model, and a structural-constructivist model. We selectively review literature on health disparities, emphasizing research on low birth weight and high blood pressure. The psychosocial stress model and the structural-constructivist model offer greatest promise to explain disparities. In future research, theoretical elaboration and operational specificity are needed to distinguish among three distinct factors: (a) genetic variants contributing to disease risk; (b) ethnoracial or folk racial categories masquerading as biology; and (c) ethnic group membership. Such elaboration is necessary to move beyond the conflation of these three distinct constructs that characterizes much of current research

Ethnic group · Health equity · Population · Psychiatry · Psychosocial · Public health · Race (biology · Race and health · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Anthropology · Demography · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Gender Studies · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology · Gerontology

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Unique citing works226
Citations per year11,3
Citation span2006 - 2026 (21)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 219
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