Problems of the Duration of the Eemian Interglacial in Europe North of the Alps

Suggestions that the duration of the Eemian interglacial was about 11,000 yr, based on annually laminated sediment sequences in Germany, have been challenged in favor of a much longer interval. However, biostratigraphic evidence demonstrates why the Eemian sequences at Grande Pile and Ribains cannot be reliably used for alignment with the marine sequence, as applied by Kukla et al. (2002, this issue) to estimate the duration of this interglacial. The long chronology they propose would imply not just coniferous but, for up to 5000 yr, fully temperate forest in central France coexisting with treeless heath and steppe tundra conditions in northwestern Europe, an unlikely climatic and ecological scenario. The proposal that the Eemian Interglacial in western Europe lasted for 17,000 or even 23,000 yr is rejected. A duration of no more than 13,000 yr is preferred, at least for sites north of the Alps and Pyrenees. The duration of temperate conditions in the Mediterranean region is less certain.

Archaeology · Arctic · Chronology · Eemian · Geography · Interglacial · Mediterranean climate · Physical geography · Pleistocene · Steppe · Temperate climate · Tundra · Ecology · Geology · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research · Landslides and related hazards · Oceanography · Paleontology · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology

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  Open Access•Mirosława Kupryjanowicz, Magdalena Fiłoc et al.•Quaternary Research•2021

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• Vegetation Patterns during the Last 132,000 Years

  Open Access•Sarah Britzius, Frank Dreher et al.•Quaternary•2024

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  Open Access•Martin J Head, Philip L Gibbard•Quaternary International•2015

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  Open Access•Gaudzinski, Sabine Gaudzinski•International Journal of…•2004

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• Tentative Correlation of Pollen Records of the Last Interglacial at Grande Pile and Ribains with Marine Isotope Stages

  Open Access•George Kukla, George J Kukla et al.•Quaternary Research•2002

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  Open Access•Nicholas J Shackleton, Mark Chapman et al.•Quaternary Research•2002

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• The Eemian Interglaciation in Northwestern Germany

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  Open Access•R B Alley, Jochem Marotzke et al.•Science•2003

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  Open Access•Geneviève M Woillard, Geneviève Woillard•Quaternary Research•1978

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  Open Access•Eberhard Grüger•Quaternary International•1989

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