Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Benevolent Policies

Bureaucratic Politics and the International Dimensions of Social Policy Expansion

Bibliographic Data

ID3391983
AuthorsCarmen Jacqueline Ho (0000-0003-3059-5925, University of Guelph, corresponding author)
Year2022
Volume116
Issue2
Pages615-630
Publication date2022-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Political Science Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0003-0554 • E-ISSN: 1537-5943
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s0003055421000927
OpenAlexW3204887615
LanguageEN
Citations received5
References cited100

Research on the welfare state has devoted considerable attention to social policy expansion. However, little is known about why governments expand social policies serving groups with limited power on issues with low visibility. I call these "benevolent policies." This class of social policies improves population well-being but produces minimal political gains for the governments enacting them. Why do governments expand benevolent policies if political incentives for reform are weak? I investigate this question by focusing on government responses to malnutrition. Drawing on nine months of fieldwork, including 71 interviews, I argue that the origins of policy expansion can be found in the government bureaucracy. Bureaucrats with technical expertise-technocrats-can play a defining role, deploying international pressure to court executive support and orchestrate policy change. Their actions help explain the Indonesian government's unexpected expansion of nutrition policies, which serve low-income women and children and address micronutrient malnutrition

Bureaucracy · Economic growth · Economics · Government (linguistics · Incentive · Market economy · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Population · Public policy · Social policy · Sociology · Technocracy · Gender Politics and Representation · International Development and Aid · Public Administration · Social Policy and Reform Studies

  • Reach and Retrenchment of the Environmental State

    Livio Silva‐muller, Livio Silva-Muller•American Journal of Sociology•2026

  • Political dynamics behind different policy options

    Open Access•Chunhua Chen•Journal of International and…•2023

  • The Politics of Contagion

    Open Access•Prerna Singh•Annual Review of Political Science•2024

  • Shifting Ground Beneath our Feet

    Open Access•Kim Yi Dionne, Joseph Harris•Studies in Comparative…•2023

  • Introducing ‘ministerial politics

    Open Access•Julian Garritzmann, Julian L Garritzmann et al.•Governance•2025

  • Workers and Welfare

    Michelle L Dion•Workers and Welfare: Comparative…•2010

  • The Submerged State

    Suzanne Mettler•Submerged State•2011

  • Wealth, Health, and Democracy in East Asia and Latin America

    Open Access•James W Mcguire•Wealth, Health, and Democracy in…•2010

  • Despite the Odds

    Merilee S Grindle•Despite the Odds•2004

  • Who Governs the Globe?

    Open Access•Deborah D Avant, Martha Finnemore et al.•Who Governs the Globe?•2010

  • Social Security in Latin America

    Carmelo Mesa-Lago, Carmelo Mesa‐lago•Social Security in Latin America•1978

  • The comparative sequential method

    Open Access•Tulia Gabriela Falleti, James Mahoney•Advances in Comparative-Historical…•2015

  • The challenge of policy coordination

    Open Access•B Guy Peters•Policy Design and Practice•2018

  • Targeting the Poor

    Vivi Alatas, Abhijit Banerjee et al.•American Economic Review•2012

  • Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries

    Open Access•Robert E Black, Cesar G Victora et al.•The Lancet•2013

  • Bringing the State Back In

    Open Access•T Skocpol•Bringing the State Back In•1985

  • The welfare state and equality

    Harold L Wilensky•The welfare state and equality•1974

  • Democratizing Health Care

    Open Access•Illan Nam•Democratizing Health Care•2015

  • Uneven Social Policies

    Sara Niedzwiecki•Uneven Social Policies•2018

  • Social Policy Expansion in Latin America

    Open Access•Candelaria Garay•Social Policy Expansion in Latin…•2016

  • Activists beyond Borders

    Margaret E Keck, Kathryn Sikkink•Activists beyond borders•2014

  • Development, Democracy, and Welfare States

    Stephan Haggard, Robert R Kaufman•Development, Democracy, and…•2009

  • States in the Developing World

    Open Access•Dinsha Mistree, Miguel A Centeno et al.•States in the Developing World•2017

  • Welfare Policy and Industrialization in Europe, America, and Russia

    T B Bottomore, Tom Bottomore et al.•Journal of Economic Issues•1974

  • Public Choices and Policy Change

    Merilee Grindle, Merilee Serrill Grindle•Public choices and policy change•1991

  • Healthy Democracies

    Joseph Wong•Healthy Democracies•2006

  • The Divided Welfare State

    Open Access•Jacob S Hacker•Divided Welfare State•2002

  • Modern Social Politics in Britain and Sweden

    David Wightman, Hugh Heclo•The American Historical Review•1975

  • The Engineers Versus the Economists

    Open Access•Sulfikar Amir•Bulletin of Science Technology &…•2008

  • Empires of Vice

    Doo-Sub Kim, Diana S Kim•Empires of Vice•2020

  • The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare

    Melani Cammett, Lauren M Maclean•Politics of Non-State Social…•2014

  • When Democracies Deliver

    Open Access•Katherine Bersch•When Democracies Deliver•2019

  • Democracy and the Left

    E Huber, Joyce Stephens et al.•Democracy and the left•2012

  • The Political Logic of Poverty Relief

    Open Access•Alberto Díaz-Cayeros, Federico Estévez et al.•Political Logic of Poverty Relief•2016

  • The Power of Human Rights

    Open Access•Steve C Ropp, Thomas Risse-Kappen et al.•Power of Human Rights•1999

  • Tracing the Progress of Process Tracing

    Open Access•P A Hall•European Political Science•2012

  • A Comparative Measure of Decentralization for Southeast Asia

    Open Access•Sarah Shair-Rosenfield, Gary Marks et al.•Journal of East Asian Studies•2014

  • International Organizations and Social Insurance in Mexico

    Open Access•Michelle L Dion, Michelle Dion•Global Social Policy•2008

  • How Can We Build an Enabling Political Environment to Fight Undernutriton

    Open Access•Lawrence Haddad•European Journal of Development…•2012

  • Case Studies

    Open Access•Jack S Levy•Conflict Management and Peace…•2008

  • Public Service Provision under Conditions of Insufficient Citizen Demand

    Matthew S Winters, Abdul Gaffar Karim et al.•World Development•2014

  • The Political Effects of Agricultural Subsidies in Africa

    Open Access•Kim Yi Dionne, Jeremy Horowitz•World Development•2016

  • Advocacy Coalitions and Health Politics in Korea

    Open Access•Huck‐ju Kwon•Social Policy and Administration•2007

  • The role of policy transfer in Indonesian governance

    Ario Wicaksono•Policy Studies•2018

  • The Working Class in Welfare Capitalism

    Richard F Tomasson, Walter Korpi•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1979

  • Worlds Apart

    Open Access•J Pribble•Studies in Comparative…•2011

  • The Social Democratic State

    Open Access•Tim Tilton•Political Science Quarterly•1997

  • Welfare Policy and Industrialization in Europe, America, and Russia

    Joseph Becker, Joseph M Becker et al.•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1973

  • Norms, Institutions, and National Identity in Contemporary Europe

    Jeffrey T Checkel•International Studies Quarterly•1999

  • Navigating welfare regimes in divided societies

    Open Access•Melani Cammett, Aytuğ Şaşmaz•Governance•2021

  • Subnationalism and Social Development

    Open Access•Prerna Singh•World Politics•2015

  • Performative Governance

    Open Access•Iza Ding•World Politics•2020

  • Diminished Expectations

    Open Access•Alisha C Holland•World Politics•2018

  • The Impact of Health Programs on Political Opinion

    Kevin Croke•The Journal of Politics•2021

  • Easy and Hard Redistribution

    Open Access•Alisha C Holland, Ben Ross Schneider•Perspectives on Politics•2017

  • Focusing Events, Mobilization, and Agenda Setting

    Open Access•Thomas A Birkland, Tom Birkland•Journal of Public Policy•1998

  • Ideas as coalition magnets

    Daniel Béland, Robert Henry Cox•Journal of European Public Policy•2016

  • Indonesia

    Open Access•Saiful Mujani, R William Liddle•Journal of democracy•2010

  • Ideological “guerrillas” and the quest for technological autonomy

    Open Access•Emanuel Adler•International Organization•1986

  • International organizations as teachers of norms

    Open Access•Martha Finnemore•International Organization•1993

  • Ideas do not float freely

    Open Access•Thomas Risse, Thomas Risse-Kappen•International Organization•1994

  • Introduction

    Open Access•Peter M Haas•International Organization•1992

  • The Internationalization of Early Childhood Education and Care Issues

    Open Access•Linda A White•Governance•2011

  • Policy Analysts, Public Policy and Regime Structure in Latin America

    Open Access•James M Malloy•Governance•1989

  • Pension Privatization

    Open Access•Mitchell A Orenstein•Governance•2013

  • Health care and democratization in Indonesia

    Edward Aspinall•Democratization•2014

  • The Core Voter’s Curse

    Open Access•Isabela Mares, Lauren E Young•Comparative Political Studies•2018

  • Explaining Policy Outcomes

    Open Access•Jordi Díez•Comparative Political Studies•2013

  • When Payouts Pay Off

    Open Access•Cesar Zucco•American Journal of Political…•2013

  • Is Democracy Good for the Poor

    Open Access•Michael L Ro, Michael Ro et al.•American Journal of Political…•2006

  • The Personal Vote and the Efficacy of Education Spending

    Open Access•Allen Hicken, Joel W Simmons•American Journal of Political…•2008

  • Politics by Number

    Open Access•Judith G Kelley, Beth A Simmons•American Journal of Political…•2015

  • Patronage politics, donor reforms, and regime consolidation in Uganda

    Andrew M Mwenda•African Affairs•2005

  • Bureaucracy and Service Delivery

    Thomas B Pepinsky, Jan Pierskalla et al.•Annual Review of Political Science•2017

  • How Ideas Spread

    Atanu Acharya, Amitav Acharya•International Organization•2004

  • Why Not Equal Protection? Explaining the Politics of Public Social Spending in Britain, 1900-1911, and the United States, 1880s-1920

    Ann Shola Orloff, T Skocpol•American Sociological Review•1984

  • Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics

    Open Access•Paul Pierson•American Political Science Review•2000

  • Ideological representation in clientelistic democracies

    Open Access•Diego Fossati, Edward Aspinall et al.•Electoral Studies•2020

  • The state and social security in Indonesia and Thailand

    M Ramesh•Journal of Contemporary Asia•2000

  • Technocrats and Politics in Chile

    Open Access•Patricio Silva•Journal of Latin American Studies•1991

  • Social Network Structures and the Politics of Public Goods Provision

    Open Access•Cesi Cruz, Julien Labonne et al.•American Political Science Review•2020

  • The Welfare State and Equality

    Samuel A Rea, Harold Wilensky et al.•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1976

  • Filling in the Missing Link between Universalism and Democracy

    Open Access•Juliana Martínez Franzoni, Diego Sánchez‐ancochea et al.•Latin American Politics and Society•2014

  • The Politics of Economic Development in Indonesia

    Jacques Bertrand, Ian Chalmers et al.•Politics of Economic Development…•2005

  • Social Security in Latin America

    J Bailey, John J Bailey et al.•Hispanic American Historical Review•1980

  • Social Security Policymaking in Costa Rica

    Open Access•Mark B Rosenberg•Latin American Research Review•1979

  • Social Policy and Collective Action

    Open Access•Candelaria Garay•Latin American Politics and Society•2007

  • The Global Diffusion of Public Policies

    Frank Dobbins, Frank Dobbin et al.•Annual Review of Sociology•2007

Unique citing works5
Citations per year1,67
Citation span2023 - 2026 (4)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 4
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae