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How Maize Farmers in the US Southwest Grew and Prospered Under El Niño but Suffered Under La Niña

Bibliographic Data

ID5982820
AuthorsAndrew Gillreath-Brown (0000-0002-2272-5542, Washington State University), T A Kohler (0000-0002-3414-6660, Washington State University)
Year2024
Volume90
Issue4
Pages455-479
Publication date2024-10-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueKIVA (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0023-1940 • E-ISSN: 2051-6177
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00231940.2024.2348941
OpenAlexW4399360919
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited71

Variability in temperature and soil moisture influenced the spread and productive potential of maize. A new low-frequency reconstruction of US Southwest summer temperatures from 3000 BC to present shows generally warmer temperatures until the first century AD. From then until AD 1000, temperatures were generally cooler, though a warming trend continuing to present begins ca. AD 400, interrupted by cooling ca. AD 900 and 1400. Proposing a “ENSO Index” for the US Southwest, we argue that El Niño-like conditions dominated much of the second millennium BC and the first millennium AD, depressing summer temperatures relative to northern hemisphere norms but providing favorable winter moisture for maize. La Niña-like conditions (much less favorable to maize) dominated most of the period from 800 BC – AD 100 and AD 1200 to ca. 1900. We connect these low-frequency trends with tendencies in how and where people lived, emphasizing developments in the ancestral Pueblo area

Agricultural economics · Agricultural science · Agronomy · Biology · Economics · Geography · Forestry · Horticulture · Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics · Tree Root and Stability Studies · Tree-ring climate responses

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Unique citing works2
Citations per year2
Citation span2025 - 2025 (1)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 2
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