An examination of the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in a Multiracial/ethnic population in the United States
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8112954 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Jaimie Shaff (0000-0001-8289-3997, corresponding author), Geoffrey Kahn (0000-0001-8151-3059), Holly C Wilcox (0000-0003-2624-0654) |
| Year | 2024 |
| Volume | 14 |
| Pages | 1290736-1290736 |
| Publication date | 2024-01-16 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Frontiers in Psychiatry (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1664-0640 • E-ISSN: 1664-0640 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1290736 |
| PMID | 38293592 |
| OpenAlex | W4390917149 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
| References cited | 16 |
Depression and suicide are significant public health issues. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is commonly used to assess for symptoms of depression, but its psychometric properties within Multiracial/ethnic populations remains uncertain. In a study involving 1,012 English-speaking Multiracial/ethnic participants from the United States (US), the PHQ-9 showed strong internal consistency ( α = 0.93) and supported a one-factor structure. No measurement variance was observed between Non-White and White/Non-White Multiracial/ethic subgroups. PHQ-2, with a cutoff of ≥3, identified fewer depression cases than PHQ-9 (32% vs. 40%), with sensitivities of 75-99% and specificities of 74-96%; a cutoff of ≥2 missed fewer cases. Item performance of the ninth PHQ-9 question, addressing thoughts of death or self-harm, varied across generations with younger generations more likely to endorse thoughts of death or self-harm at any level of symptom severity. The findings suggest the PHQ-9 demonstrated adequate reliability within a population of Multiracial/ethnic adults in the US; however, the use of the 9th item of the PHQ-9 may not be adequate for identifying individuals at risk for suicidal thoughts and/or behaviors, particularly for older Multiracial/ethnic adults. The lower sensitivity of the PHQ-2 with a ≥ 3 cutoff suggests a cutoff of ≥2 may be preferable to miss fewer cases of depression
Anxiety · Depressive symptoms · Environmental health · Ethnic group · Family medicine · Patient Health Questionnaire · Population · Psychiatry · Psychometrics · Sociology · Anthropology · Cultural Competency in Health Care · Medicine · Mental Health Treatment and Access · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Clinical Psychology · Gerontology
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| Unique citing works | 6 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3 |
| Citation span | 2024 - 2026 (3) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 5 |