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International Migration and Remittances to a Lebanese Village

Bibliographic Data

ID8423391
AuthorsHussein A Amery (Bishop's University, corresponding author), William P Anderson (McMaster University)
Year1995
Volume39
Issue1
Pages46-58
Publication date1995-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueCanadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0008-3658 • E-ISSN: 1541-0064
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1541-0064.1995.tb00399.x
PMID12347150
OpenAlexW2079430680
LanguageEN
Citations received9
References cited28

Remittances are an important source of income for many labour‐exporting Third World countries, especially for rural communities. Based on a theoretical framework developed by Lucas and Stark (1985) and Stark and Lucas (1988), a number of hypotheses concerning remittances from foreign emigrants are developed and tested using questionnaire survey data from Lala, a Lebanese village. According to the theory, a rural family engages in an implicit insurance‐type contract with the potential migrant because both are averse to risk. A family interested in adopting new but risky agricultural technology invests in the emigration of one of its members and insures him or her against possibilities of unemployment or other uncertainties. Once established abroad, the migrant is expected to reciprocate by remitting, and thus insuring the family against unforeseen agricultural adversities. An emigrant is deterred from defaulting on the implicit contract because of a desire to inherit the parent's wealth and a need to maintain contacts with residual family members who help to administer and oversee a migrant's investment in the village, to maintain a sibling's reputation, and thus facilitate his or her return and reintegration into the community. Results from testing the hypotheses are somewhat consistent with the proposition that, after a period of adjustment, migrants do begin to remit, thereby providing their families with an insurance against the uncertainties of life in the country of origin. However, the level of remittances does not appear to depend on the potential to inherit from a family's wealth. Moreover, families do not seem to invest in their migrants so as to improve their farm lands and to undertake risky agricultural techniques. The long‐term remittance commitment of migrants to their residual families suggests that migrants’ altruism may be a more significant motivating factor than self‐interest. Ľenvoi ďargent par des émigrants dans leur pays ďorigine est une importante source de revenu pour plusieurs pays exportateurs de main‐ďoeuvre du Tiers Monde, spéialement pour les communautes rurales. Basées sur un concept théorique développé par Lucas et Stark (1 985) et Stark et Lucas (1988), plusieurs hypothèses au sujet de ľenvoi ďargentpar des émigrants àľétranger sont développées et testées en utilisant les données ďun questionnaire soumis à Lala, un village libanais. Selon cette théorie, une famille de milieu rural s'engage avec un éventuel migrant dans un contrat implicite de type assurance pour minimiser les risques des deux parties. Une famille intéressée à adopter une nouvelle technique agricole pleine de risque investit dans ľémigration ďun de ses membres et ľassure contre les possibilités de chomage et contre ďautres incertitudes. Une fois ľimmigrant établi àľétranger, il se sentira obligé de leur rendre la pareille en leur faisant parvenir de ľargent pour les garantir contre des événements agricoles imprévisibles. Ľémigrant est dissuadé de manquer à ses engagements à cause de son desir ďhériter de la fortune de ses parents et du besoin de garder contact avec la famille restante qui ľaidera à administrer ses investissements dans son village, et à maintenir sa réputation au sein de sa famille, facilitant ainsi son retour et sa réinsertion dans la communauté. Les résultats du test des hypothèses sont plutǒt compatibles avec la proposition qu'après une période ďajustement, les migrants cornmencent à envoyer de ľargent dans leur pays ďorigine, ce qui fournit à leur famille une assurance contre les incertitudes de la vie dans le pays ďorigine. Par contre, le niveau ďenvoi ďargent ne sernble pas dépendre des possibilités ďhériter. De plus, les farnilles ne sernblent pas investir dans le migrant dans le but ďarnéliorer leurs terres agricoles et ďacquérir des techniques agricoles risquées. Ľengagement à long terme des émigrants à leurfarnille au pays ďorigine suggère que ľaltruisme est peut‐ětre un facteur plus rnotivant que ľintéret personnel

Business · Default · Demographic economics · Developing country · Economic growth · Economics · Emigration · Extended family · Immigration · Investment (military) · Labour economics · Political science · Reputation · Sociology · Unemployment · Diaspora, migration, transnational identity · Finance · Migration and Labor Dynamics · Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy

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Unique citing works9
Citations per year0,3
Citation span1996 - 2023 (28)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 8
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