John B Best
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 10328465 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | John B Best |
| NOMBRES | John B |
| APELLIDO | Best |
| FIRMA | BEST J B |
| AFILIACIONES | Eastern Illinois University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 10 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1 |
| OBRAS COMO AUTOR | 10 |
| OBRAS COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1982 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2000 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
The Subgoal Heuristic and its effect on Internal Representations
Two studies examined the changes made in humans' internal representations of problem-solving tasks that result from using a subgoal heuristic. In Study 1, undergraduates were instructed to “think out loud” while solving an unfamiliar logical deduction problem. A protocol analysis indicated that several categories of subjects' comments did not occur with equal frequency in each half of the subjects' protocols. The preponderance of comments made in…
Selection of Items for Course Evaluation by Faculty and Students
The purpose of this study was to determine what items of teaching effectiveness are viewed as significant by faculty and students. Students and faculty were given a pool of items typical of those appearing on course-evaluation forms and were asked to indicate which items they believed were important in evaluating teaching. There was substantial agreement between students and faculty regarding those items viewed as important enough to be included …
Salience in Logical Deduction Tasks
An experiment was conducted to determine the role of a salient characteristic in a logical deduction task on the representational and/or processing capabilities of subjects. Subjects worked on a logical problem that was systematically altered by changing the information involved in making a particular deduction. Subjects were more likely to make the deduction under conditions of high salience, even though the logical, or processing demands of the…
Generation and Development of Strategy on a Logical-Deduction Task
An experiment was conducted to assess the generation and development of strategic expertise during problem solving. 40 undergraduates solved four nontrivial logical-deduction problems in a 1-hr period. Even though the instructions were deliberately impoverished regarding strategic hints, orderly effective uniform strategies emerged near the outset of the problem-solving session, and they emerged at a faster rate than had been previously thought. …
Notes toward a Formal Definition of Strategy
Some criticisms of the use of the term “strategy” are presented, and a formal definition is offered
Gender, Grade Point Average, and Test Anxiety
The present study assessed the effect of gender on test anxiety and grade point average (GPA) among 40 college students. Subjects reported their GPAs and responded to a test-anxiety questionnaire. Analysis of covariance indicated that gender did not affect GPA after an adjustment was made for differences in test anxiety. However, gender produced a significant effect on test anxiety following an adjustment for GPA differences, with women reporting…
Misconceptions about Psychology among Students Who Perform Highly
Two measures assessing “behavioral myths” and learning expectations were given to 54 students in three sections of introductory psychology. Comparison of pre- and posttest myth scores over the semester indicated that the course was ineffective in dispelling such myths. Moreover, of the 54 students who participated in the study those 13 students who performed well on the tests and ultimately got As in the course were no more likely to change their…
Victim's Provocativeness and Victim's Attractiveness as Determinants of Blame in Rape
Recent studies of rape have emphasized the attractiveness of the victim as a determinant in people's judgments of the victim's blameworthiness. The present study provided 120 undergraduates with four hypothetical rape stories in which the victim's pre-rape behavior and attractiveness were independently varied. The results indicate that the victim's attractiveness is not a determining factor of the victim's blameworthiness when subjects are given …
Religiosity and Self-Destruction
The Role of Context on Strategic Actions in Mastermind
When inexperienced solvers play consecutive Mastermind games, they begin to use a strategy in which specific hypothetical types are offered in response to specific feedback types, a strategy known as the modal hypothesis strategy. When participants who had learned that strategy were shifted onto Mastermind games whose code format was different from, and easier than, that they had experienced, their use of the strategy was degraded despite their f…
Misconceptions about Psychology among Students Who Perform Highly
Two measures assessing “behavioral myths” and learning expectations were given to 54 students in three sections of introductory psychology. Comparison of pre- and posttest myth scores over the semester indicated that the course was ineffective in dispelling such myths. Moreover, of the 54 students who participated in the study those 13 students who performed well on the tests and ultimately got As in the course were no more likely to change their…
Victim's Provocativeness and Victim's Attractiveness as Determinants of Blame in Rape
Recent studies of rape have emphasized the attractiveness of the victim as a determinant in people's judgments of the victim's blameworthiness. The present study provided 120 undergraduates with four hypothetical rape stories in which the victim's pre-rape behavior and attractiveness were independently varied. The results indicate that the victim's attractiveness is not a determining factor of the victim's blameworthiness when subjects are given …
Religiosity and Self-Destruction
Gender, Grade Point Average, and Test Anxiety
The present study assessed the effect of gender on test anxiety and grade point average (GPA) among 40 college students. Subjects reported their GPAs and responded to a test-anxiety questionnaire. Analysis of covariance indicated that gender did not affect GPA after an adjustment was made for differences in test anxiety. However, gender produced a significant effect on test anxiety following an adjustment for GPA differences, with women reporting…
Notes toward a Formal Definition of Strategy
Some criticisms of the use of the term “strategy” are presented, and a formal definition is offered
Generation and Development of Strategy on a Logical-Deduction Task
An experiment was conducted to assess the generation and development of strategic expertise during problem solving. 40 undergraduates solved four nontrivial logical-deduction problems in a 1-hr period. Even though the instructions were deliberately impoverished regarding strategic hints, orderly effective uniform strategies emerged near the outset of the problem-solving session, and they emerged at a faster rate than had been previously thought. …
Selection of Items for Course Evaluation by Faculty and Students
The purpose of this study was to determine what items of teaching effectiveness are viewed as significant by faculty and students. Students and faculty were given a pool of items typical of those appearing on course-evaluation forms and were asked to indicate which items they believed were important in evaluating teaching. There was substantial agreement between students and faculty regarding those items viewed as important enough to be included …
Salience in Logical Deduction Tasks
An experiment was conducted to determine the role of a salient characteristic in a logical deduction task on the representational and/or processing capabilities of subjects. Subjects worked on a logical problem that was systematically altered by changing the information involved in making a particular deduction. Subjects were more likely to make the deduction under conditions of high salience, even though the logical, or processing demands of the…
The Subgoal Heuristic and its effect on Internal Representations
Two studies examined the changes made in humans' internal representations of problem-solving tasks that result from using a subgoal heuristic. In Study 1, undergraduates were instructed to “think out loud” while solving an unfamiliar logical deduction problem. A protocol analysis indicated that several categories of subjects' comments did not occur with equal frequency in each half of the subjects' protocols. The preponderance of comments made in…
The Role of Context on Strategic Actions in Mastermind
When inexperienced solvers play consecutive Mastermind games, they begin to use a strategy in which specific hypothetical types are offered in response to specific feedback types, a strategy known as the modal hypothesis strategy. When participants who had learned that strategy were shifted onto Mastermind games whose code format was different from, and easier than, that they had experienced, their use of the strategy was degraded despite their f…
Psychology (10 obras) · Computer Science (6 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (3 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (3 obras) · Clinical Psychology (3 obras) · Clinical Psychology (3 obras) · Cognitive psychology (3 obras) · Developmental psychology (3 obras) · Mathematics (3 obras) · Mathematics education (3 obras)