J Schellenberg
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 10713 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | J Schellenberg |
| NOMBRES | J |
| APELLIDO | Schellenberg |
| FIRMA | SCHELLENBERG J |
| AFILIACIONES | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0708-3676 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 76 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 70 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1960 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Effective coverage practice in Ethiopia
Effective coverage measurement has emerged as a tool to help understand health system performance for the provision of high-quality health care. Using a cascade approach that combines data on demand- and supply-side steps, effective coverage measures highlight where gaps in the health system exist and how improvements might be made so that more people benefit from the potential of the health services available to them. In practice, however, there…
Consensus on key domains for emergency medical teams deployment evaluation
Based on the consensus findings and guided by the pillar themes and questions outlined in the World Health Organization's After Action Review guidance, we proposed a preliminary structure for an EMT evaluation. These findings can serve as a foundation to inform the future design of a standardised evaluation framework. Further refinement through iterative testing and stakeholder consultation will enhance the framework's practicality and adaptabili…
Measuring and monitoring child health and well-being—an integral part of the climate change agenda
Climate change has far-reaching consequences for all aspects of human society (Romanello et al. 2023). Children are uniquely vulnerable to climate change for a multitude of physiological and developmental reasons as well as because of distinctive behaviors such as outdoor play that increase their exposure to climate-related stressors (EPA 2023). Several reviews have summarized the multiple direct and indirect pathways through which climate change…
Piloting Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation Within the Routine Antenatal Care System in Ethiopia
In low and middle-income countries, addressing maternal and child nutrition needs is crucial. Prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) holds promise in reducing low birthweight and preterm births. Ethiopia is considering a transition from the provision of iron-folate supplementation to the provision of MMS in antenatal care, guided by WHO guidelines. This paper explores stakeholders' early perceptions and experiences in piloting that…
Infant Feeding Practices in Ethiopia
Appropriate infant feeding is crucial to ensure optimal child growth and survival. We aimed to assess infants' breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices from 0 to 12 months in Ethiopia. This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Ethiopia Performance Monitoring for Action panel study performed from July 2020 to August 2021. One thousand eight hundred and fifty infants were included from five Ethiopian regions: Addis Ababa City Ad…
Integrating eye health into a child health policy in Tanzania
Global consensus has shifted to focus on how children can be supported to not only ‘survive’ but to ‘thrive’. Blindness and visual loss in early childhood undermine a child’s ability to thrive, affecting psychomotor, cognitive, and social development leading to life-long consequences for educational attainment, employment, economic and social status, and wellbeing. Despite this, eye health for children under the age of 5 years has been neglected,…
Data-driven decision-making for district health management
BACKGROUND: Use of local data for health system planning and decision-making in maternal, newborn and child health services is limited in low-income and middle-income countries, despite decentralisation and advances in data gathering. An improved culture of data-sharing and collaborative planning is needed. The Data-Informed Platform for Health is a system-strengthening strategy which promotes structured decision-making by district health officia…
Person-centered and youth-oriented interventions to improve TB Care for adolescents and young adults
Introduction Globally adolescents and young adults (AYA) with tuberculosis (TB) face unique challenges. Until recently they have received little attention and few tailored interventions exist. To improve TB outcomes in this population, there is a need to implement tailored interventions. However, limited research has been conducted about how to meet the needs of AYA with tuberculosis. In this paper we present the findings of a qualitative study t…
Understanding rural women's preferences for telephone call engagement with primary health care providers in Nigeria
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the use of mobile phones to provide primary health care services and maintain continuity of care. This study aims to understand rural women's preferences for telephone call engagement with primary health care providers in Nigeria. METHODS: A discrete choice experiment was conducted alongside an action research project that empowered primary health care workers to develop and implement a telephone …
Women’s perceptions of telephone interviews about their experiences with childbirth care in Nigeria
Our objective is to investigate women’s perceptions of phone interviews about their experiences with facility childbirth care. The study was conducted between October 2020 and January 2021, in Gombe State, Nigeria. Participants were women aged 15–49 years, who delivered in ten study Primary Health Care centres, provided phone numbers, and consented to a follow-up telephone interview about their childbirth experience. The phone interviews took pla…
Health policy and planning
To call or not to call
BACKGROUND: To institutionalise respectful maternity care, frequent data on the experience of childbirth care is needed by health facility staff and managers. Telephone interviews have been proposed as a low-cost alternative to derive timely and actionable maternal self-reports of experience of care. However, evidence on the validity of telephone interviews for this purpose is limited. METHODS: Eight indicators of positive maternity care experien…
We should be at the table together from the beginning”
Insights from stakeholders in four sub-Saharan African research institutions suggest that contemporary global health research partnerships generate considerable benefits but continue to exhibit longstanding inequities and reveal emerging tensions. Our findings suggest that long-term support targeted towards institutions and national research systems remains essential to fulfil the potential of research led from sub-Saharan Africa. High-income cou…
What makes working together work? A scoping review of the guidance on North–South research partnerships
At their best, research partnerships provide a mechanism to optimize each partner’s strengths, make scientific discoveries and achieve development goals. Each partner stands to gain from the relationship and perceives it to be fair. However, partnerships between institutions in the global North and the global South have been beleaguered by structural inequalities and power imbalances, and Northern stakeholders have been criticized for perpetuatin…
From Theory to Implementation
As countries continue to invest in quality improvement (QI) initiatives in health facilities, it is important to acknowledge the role of context in implementation. We conducted a qualitative study between February 2019 and January 2020 to explore how a QI initiative was adapted to enable implementation in three facility types: primary health centres, public hospitals and private facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Despite a common theory of chang…
Embed capacity development within all global health research
box • All countries, including low- and middle-income countries, need robust health research capacity • The research capacity gap between global North and South is closing too slowly, and governments, funders, and academic institutions are not investing sufficiently to bridge this chasm • With two examples from collaborative research projects in sub-Saharan Africa, we illustrate how capacity development can be an integrated part of a joint resear…
A rapid systematic review and evidence synthesis of effective coverage measures and cascades for childbirth, newborn and child health in low- and middle-income countries
Revitalizing child health
Essential health, education and other service disruptions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic risk reversing some of the hard-won gains in improving child survival over the past 40 years. Although children have milder symptoms of COVID-19 disease than adults, pandemic control measures in many countries have disrupted health, education and other services for children, often leaving them without access to birth and postnatal care, vaccinations and e…
Routine health management information system data in Ethiopia
Background: Ethiopia is investing in the routine Health Management Information System. Improved routine data are needed for decision-making in the health sector.Objective: To analyse the quality of the routine Health Management Information System data and triangulate with other sources, such as the Demographic and Health Surveys.Methods: We analysed national Health Management Information System data on 19 indicators of maternal health, neonatal s…
Embedding Community-Based Newborn Care in the Ethiopian health system
Despite remarkable gains, improving neonatal survival globally remains slow paced. Innovative service-delivery packages have been developed for community health workers (CHWs) to maximize system efficiency and increase the reach of services. However, embedding these in health systems needs structural and procedural alignment. The Community-Based Newborn Care (CBNC) programme was a response to high neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Key aspects inclu…
Stated job preferences of three health worker cadres in Ethiopia
Attracting, training and retaining high-quality health workers are critical for a health system to function well, and it is important to know what health workers value in their roles. Many studies eliciting the labour market preferences of health workers have interviewed doctors or medical students, and there has been little research on the job preferences of lower-skilled cadres such as community health workers, mid-skilled clinical care staff s…
Changes in health worker knowledge and motivation in the context of a quality improvement programme in Ethiopia
A knowledgeable and motivated workforce is critical for health systems to provide high-quality services. Many low- and middle-income countries face shortages in human resources and low health worker motivation but are also home to a burgeoning number of quality improvement (QI) programmes. This study evaluates whether and how motivation and clinical knowledge in three cadres of health workers changed in the context of a QI programme for maternal …
We All Join Hands
Family support is essential for kangaroo mother care (KMC), but there is limited research regarding perceptions of female relatives, and none published from West African contexts. In-depth interviews were conducted from July to August 2017 with a purposive sample of 11 female relatives of preterm neonates admitted to The Gambia's referral hospital. Data were coded in NVivo 11, and thematic analysis was conducted applying an inductive framework. F…
Health system redesign for equity in maternal and newborn health must be codesigned, country led, adapted to context and fit for purpose
No Abstract available. Comment
Measurement and accountability for maternal, newborn and child health
At the onset of the Sustainable Development Goals, in 2015, a group of global health experts delivered a call to action for an improved measurement system for women's and children's health. Five principles were defined, including having a focused set of core indicators, making data relevant to countries, investing in innovations, embedding equity measures and supportive global leadership. Five years later, in 2020, a second meeting reviewed progr…
These are not good things for other people to know
Context matters
Appropriate consideration of contextual factors is essential for ensuring internal and external validity of randomized and non-randomized evaluations. Contextual factors may confound the association between delivery of the intervention and its potential health impact. They may also modify the effect of the intervention or programme, thus affecting the generalizability of results. This is particularly true for large-scale health programmes, for wh…
Scaling-up is a craft not a science
Donors and other development partners commonly introduce innovative practices and technologies to improve health in low and middle income countries. Yet many innovations that are effective in improving health and survival are slow to be translated into policy and implemented at scale. Understanding the factors influencing scale-up is important. We conducted a qualitative study involving 150 semi-structured interviews with government, development …
The economics of social marketing
Facilitators and Barriers of Community-Level Quality Improvement for Maternal and Newborn Health in Tanzania
A quality improvement intervention for maternal and newborn health was carried out in southern Tanzania at the community level. It sought to improve health-seeking behaviors and uptake of community-level maternal and newborn health practices. A process evaluation populated using data primarily from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with the intervention's implementers was undertaken in four villages receiving the intervention to eva…
District decision-making for health in low-income settings
Health information systems are an important planning and monitoring tool for public health services, but may lack information from the private health sector. In this fourth article in a series on district decision-making for health, we assessed the extent of maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH)-related data sharing between the private and public sectors in two districts of Uttar Pradesh, India; analysed barriers to data sharing; and identifi…
Measuring the quality of child health care at first-level facilities
Assessing scalability of an intervention
Public health interventions should be designed with scale in mind, and researchers and implementers must plan for scale-up at an early stage. Yet, there is limited awareness among researchers of the critical value of considering scalability and relatively limited empirical evidence on assessing scalability, despite emerging methodological guidance. We aimed to integrate scalability considerations in the design of a study to evaluate a multi-compo…
District decision-making for health in low-income settings
Many low- and middle-income countries have pluralistic health systems where private for-profit and not-for-profit sectors complement the public sector: data shared across sectors can provide information for local decision-making. The third article in a series of four on district decision-making for health in low-income settings, this study shows the untapped potential of existing data through documenting the nature and type of data collected by t…
District decision-making for health in low-income settings
Low-resource settings often have limited use of local data for health system planning and decision-making. To promote local data use for decision-making and priority setting, we propose an adapted framework: a data-informed platform for health (DIPH) aimed at guiding coordination, bringing together key data from the public and private sectors on inputs and processes. In working to transform this framework from a concept to a health systems initia…
Out-of-pocket payments for under-five health care in rural southern Tanzania
Catastrophic payments and fairness in financial contributions for health care are becoming increasing concerns for many governments. Out-of-pocket financing for health care is common in many developing countries, including Tanzania. As part of the Multi-Country Evaluation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (MCE-IMCI), the objective of this paper is to explore the determinants of variation and the level of out-of-pocket payments for…
How people-centred health systems can reach the grassroots
BACKGROUND: Quality improvement (QI) methods engage stakeholders in identifying problems, creating strategies called change ideas to address those problems, testing those change ideas and scaling them up where successful. These methods have rarely been used at the community level in low-income country settings. Here we share experiences from rural Tanzania and Uganda, where QI was applied as part of the Expanded Quality Management Using Informati…
Use and misuse of a discount voucher scheme as a subsidy for insecticide-treated nets for malaria control in southern Tanzania
Since 1997, discount vouchers for insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) have been used in two rural districts of southern Tanzania as a way to target subsidies to children under 5 years and pregnant women. We assessed appropriate use and misuse of discount vouchers through a follow-up study of 104 randomly selected vouchers. We traced these vouchers from their original issue in mother-and-child health (MCH) clinics through to being redeemed at a sales …
Impact of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness on inequalities in child health in rural Tanzania
We examined the impact of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy on the equality of health outcomes and access across socioeconomic gradients in rural Tanzania, by comparing changes in inequities between 1999 and 2002 in two districts with IMCI (Morogoro Rural and Rufiji) and two without (Kilombero and Ulanga). Equity differentials for six child health indicators (underweight, stunting, measles immunization, access to trea…
From Theory to Implementation
As countries continue to invest in quality improvement (QI) initiatives in health facilities, it is important to acknowledge the role of context in implementation. We conducted a qualitative study between February 2019 and January 2020 to explore how a QI initiative was adapted to enable implementation in three facility types: primary health centres, public hospitals and private facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Despite a common theory of chang…
Harnessing the health systems strengthening potential of quality improvement using realist evaluation
Quality improvement (QI) is a problem-solving approach in which stakeholders identify context-specific problems and create and implement strategies to address these. It is an approach that is increasingly used to support health system strengthening, which is widely promoted in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, few QI initiatives are sustained and implementation is poorly understood. Here, we propose realist evaluation to fill this gap, sharing an exam…
Measuring implementation strength
Evaluation of strategies to ensure evidence-based, low-cost interventions reach those in need is critical. One approach is to measure the strength, or intensity, with which packages of interventions are delivered, in order to explore the association between implementation strength and public health gains. A recent systematic review suggested methodological guidance was needed. We described the approaches used in three examples of measures of impl…
Timing of delivery of malaria preventive interventions in pregnancy
BACKGROUND: Across sub-Saharan Africa, pregnant women attend routine health services around the 20th week of gestation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate, with a view to maximising effectiveness of malaria control tools delivered via routine services, coverage of an antenatal clinic insecticide-treated net (ITN) voucher scheme in Tanzania by gestational age. METHODS: Household and antenatal clinic survey data from 21 districts in Tanzania were collected …
Homogamy in Personal Values and the "Field of Eligibles"
Homogamy in personal values is indicated by a study of one hundred couples, including samples of both pre-married and married couples. To test the theory suggested by Winch that this homogamy is due to natural limitations of one's “field of eligibles,” these natural couples are compared to artificial couples which are matched on the basis of similar social characteristics. It is found that such controls account for a significant amount of homogam…
An Invitation to Social Psychology
Preface 1. What is Social Psychology? 2. Personality and Socializatio 3. Social Perception, Beliefs, and Attitudes 4. Some Fundamental Social Processes 5. Groups and Organizations 6. Theoretical Perspectives in Social Psychology 7. Social Psychology as a Science Glossary Bibliography Index
Paediatric referrals in rural Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Referral is a critical part of appropriate primary care and of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy. We set out to study referrals from the aspect both of primary level facilities and the referral hospital in Kilombero District, southern Tanzania. Through record review and a separate prospective study we estimate referral rates, report on delays in reaching referral care and summarise the appropriateness of p…
Inequities among the very poor
Applying an equity lens to child health and mortality
Out-of-pocket payments for under-five health care in rural southern Tanzania
Catastrophic payments and fairness in financial contributions for health care are becoming increasing concerns for many governments. Out-of-pocket financing for health care is common in many developing countries, including Tanzania. As part of the Multi-Country Evaluation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (MCE-IMCI), the objective of this paper is to explore the determinants of variation and the level of out-of-pocket payments for…
Context matters
Appropriate consideration of contextual factors is essential for ensuring internal and external validity of randomized and non-randomized evaluations. Contextual factors may confound the association between delivery of the intervention and its potential health impact. They may also modify the effect of the intervention or programme, thus affecting the generalizability of results. This is particularly true for large-scale health programmes, for wh…
Impact of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness on inequalities in child health in rural Tanzania
We examined the impact of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy on the equality of health outcomes and access across socioeconomic gradients in rural Tanzania, by comparing changes in inequities between 1999 and 2002 in two districts with IMCI (Morogoro Rural and Rufiji) and two without (Kilombero and Ulanga). Equity differentials for six child health indicators (underweight, stunting, measles immunization, access to trea…
Measuring the quality of child health care at first-level facilities
The economics of social marketing
Peer networking for the reduction of drug-related harm
Use and misuse of a discount voucher scheme as a subsidy for insecticide-treated nets for malaria control in southern Tanzania
Since 1997, discount vouchers for insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) have been used in two rural districts of southern Tanzania as a way to target subsidies to children under 5 years and pregnant women. We assessed appropriate use and misuse of discount vouchers through a follow-up study of 104 randomly selected vouchers. We traced these vouchers from their original issue in mother-and-child health (MCH) clinics through to being redeemed at a sales …
Improving health and social care relationships for harm reduction
Vouchers for scaling up insecticide-treated nets in Tanzania
The M&E of the TNVS is a potential model for generating information to guide national and international programmers about options for delivering priority interventions. It is independent, comprehensive, provides timely results, includes information on intermediate processes to allow implementation to be modified, measures leakage as well as coverage, and measures progress over time
Health and survival of young children in southern Tanzania
Relatively short distances to health facilities, high antenatal and vaccine coverage show that peripheral health facilities have huge potential to make a difference to health and survival at household level in rural Tanzania, even with current human resources
Measuring newborn foot length to identify small babies in need of extra care
Measurement of newborn foot length for home births in resource poor settings has the potential to be used by birth attendants, community volunteers or parents as a screening tool to identify low birth weight or premature newborns in order that they can receive targeted interventions for improved survival
These are not good things for other people to know
Timing of delivery of malaria preventive interventions in pregnancy
BACKGROUND: Across sub-Saharan Africa, pregnant women attend routine health services around the 20th week of gestation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate, with a view to maximising effectiveness of malaria control tools delivered via routine services, coverage of an antenatal clinic insecticide-treated net (ITN) voucher scheme in Tanzania by gestational age. METHODS: Household and antenatal clinic survey data from 21 districts in Tanzania were collected …
The association between travel time to health facilities and childhood vaccine coverage in rural Ethiopia. A community based cross sectional study
Travel time to vaccine providers in health posts appeared to be a barrier to the delivery of infant vaccines in this remote Ethiopian community. New vaccine delivery strategies are needed for the hardest to reach children in the African region
The reliability of a newborn foot length measurement tool used by community volunteers to identify low birth weight or premature babies born at home in southern Tanzania
The newborn foot length tool used by community volunteers to identify small babies born at home was moderately reliable in southern Tanzania where a large number of births occur at home and scales are not available. Newborn foot length is not the best anthropometric proxy for birthweight but was simple to implement at home in the first days of life when the risk of newborn death is highest
Scaling-up is a craft not a science
Donors and other development partners commonly introduce innovative practices and technologies to improve health in low and middle income countries. Yet many innovations that are effective in improving health and survival are slow to be translated into policy and implemented at scale. Understanding the factors influencing scale-up is important. We conducted a qualitative study involving 150 semi-structured interviews with government, development …
‘The stars seem aligned’
BACKGROUND: Donors commonly fund innovative interventions to improve health in the hope that governments of low and middle-income countries will scale-up those that are shown to be effective. Yet innovations can be slow to be adopted by country governments and implemented at scale. Our study explores this problem by identifying key contextual factors influencing scale-up of maternal and newborn health innovations in three low-income settings: Eth…
Linkages between public and non-government sectors in healthcare
Effective utilisation of collaborative non-governmental organisation (NGO)-public health system linkages in pluralistic health systems of developing countries can substantially improve equity and quality of services. This study explores level and types of linkages between public health sector and NGOs in Uttar Pradesh (UP), an underprivileged state of India, using a social science model for the first time. It also identifies gaps and challenges f…
Measuring implementation strength
Evaluation of strategies to ensure evidence-based, low-cost interventions reach those in need is critical. One approach is to measure the strength, or intensity, with which packages of interventions are delivered, in order to explore the association between implementation strength and public health gains. A recent systematic review suggested methodological guidance was needed. We described the approaches used in three examples of measures of impl…
Community based maternal and newborn care economic analysis
Despite health systems improvements in Tanzania, gaps in the continuum of care for maternal, newborn and child health persist. Recent improvements have largely benefited those over one month of age, leading to a greater proportion of under-five mortality in newborns. Community health workers providing home-based counselling have been championed as uniquely qualified to reach the poorest. We provide financial and economic costs of a volunteer home…
Medicine (58 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (53 obras) · Environmental health (40 obras) · Nursing (40 obras) · Public health (31 obras) · Economic growth (30 obras) · Health care (28 obras) · Business (27 obras) · Economics (25 obras) · Population (23 obras)