Christian Tryon
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 110124 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Christian Tryon |
| NOMBRES | Christian |
| APELLIDO | Tryon |
| FIRMA | TRYON C |
| AFILIACIONES | Smithsonian Institution |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2354-3273 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 971 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 51 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2002 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
The Mehlman archives and the archaeology of Nasera rockshelter, Tanzania
Archives are increasingly recognized as a critical element in archaeological research in eastern Africa and elsewhere that, unlike excavation, are a non-destructive source of information. However, the utility of any archive is dependent in part on its availability. We report here on the recent recovery of the archives of Michael J. Mehlman, who excavated at multiple important archaeological sites in northern Tanzania. Establishing clear plans for…
Migratory behavior in the enigmatic Late Pleistocene bovid Rusingoryx atopocranion
For many animals, migration is an important strategy for navigating seasonal bottlenecks in resource availability. In the savannas of eastern Africa, herds of grazing animals, including blue wildebeest ( Connochaetes taurinus ), Thomson's gazelle ( Eudorcas thomsonii ), and plains zebra ( Equus quagga ), travel hundreds of kilometers annually tracking suitable forage and water. However, we know nearly nothing about migration among the extinct spe…
Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
New data from old collections
Mumba rockshelter in northern Tanzania has served as a key benchmark sequence for understanding Late Pleistocene-Holocene archaeological changes in the region. A complete understanding of the site is complicated by multiple excavations across >90 years, with an unfortunate history of incomplete publication of those results, particularly for some of the older, larger-scale excavations from the 1930s and 1970s. We report here on newly recovered mat…
The Future of Human Origins and Modern Behavior in Africa
The dentition of the Early Upper Paleolithic hominins from Ksâr 'Akil, Lebanon
Replicability in Lithic Analysis
The ubiquity and durability of lithic artifacts inform archaeologists about important dimensions of human behavioral variability. Despite their importance, lithic artifacts can be problematic to study because lithic analysts differ widely in their theoretical approaches and the data they collect. The extent to which differences in lithic data relate to prehistoric behavioral variability or differences between archaeologists today remains incomple…
Ecomorphology and ecology of the grassland specialist, Rusingoryx atopocranion (Artiodactyla
Rusingoryx atopocranion is an extinct alcelaphin bovid from the late Pleistocene of Kenya, known for its distinctive hollow nasal crest. A bonebed of R . atopocranion from the Lake Victoria Basin provides a unique opportunity to examine the nearly complete postcranial ecomorphology of an extinct species, and yields data that are important to studying paleoenvironments and human-environment interaction. With a comparative sample of extant African …
Not a bathtub
Accurately reconstructing past sea level is key to simulating potential migration pathways of ancient hominins, including early Homo sapiens. Models of ancient human migration events commonly construct estimates of paleoenvironments using the “bathtub” model, in which sea level is assumed to rise and fall according to a “eustatic” (global average) value over time. However, large uncertainties exist on past ice sheet sizes and shapes, particularly…
Human burials at the Kisese II rockshelter, Tanzania
OBJECTIVES: The Late Pleistocene and early Holocene in eastern Africa are associated with complex evolutionary and demographic processes that contributed to the population variability observed in the region today. However, there are relatively few human skeletal remains from this time period. Here we describe six individuals from the Kisese II rockshelter in Tanzania that were excavated in 1956, present a radiocarbon date for one of the individua…
Raw Material and Regionalization in Stone Age Eastern Africa
A Brief Note on the History of Research on Rock Engravings at Skhul, Mt. Carmel, Israel
Christian A. Tryon, כריסטיאן א. טריון, A Brief Note on the History of Research on Rock Engravings at Skhul, Mt. Carmel, Israel - הערה על תולדות מחקר חריתות הסלע במערת הגדי (סח'ול), הכרמל, Mitekufat Haeven: Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society / מתקופת האבן, כרך נ (2020), pp. 6-14
A Late Pleistocene human humerus from Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Comparative analysis of Middle Stone Age artifacts in Africa (CoMSAfrica)
The Middle/Later Stone Age transition and cultural dynamics of late Pleistocene East Africa
The Middle to Later Stone Age (MSA/LSA) transition is a prominent feature of the African archeological record that began in some places ~30,000–60,000 years ago, historically associated with the origin and/or dispersal of “modern” humans. Unlike the analogous Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Eurasia and associated Neanderthal extinction, the African MSA/LSA record remains poorly documented, with its potential role in explaining changes i…
Origin of an Early Upper Palaeolithic obsidian burin at Ksar Akil (Lebanon)
Lithic raw material acquisition and use by early Homo sapiens at Skhul, Israel
Archeological evidence for human dispersals around the Mediterranean basin
Environmental dynamics during the onset of the Middle Stone Age in eastern Africa
The Middle Stone Age in Africa The Olorgesailie basin in the southern Kenya rift valley contains sediments dating back to 1.2 million years ago, preserving a long archaeological record of human activity and environmental conditions. Three papers present the oldest East African evidence of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) and elucidate the system of technology and behavior associated with the origin of Homo sapiens . Potts et al. present evidence for th…
Origins of Epipalaeolithic obsidian artifacts from Garrod's excavations at Zarzi cave in the Zagros foothills of Iraq
New Radiocarbon Dates from Nasera Rockshelter (Tanzania)
Late Pleistocene and Holocene evidence from multiple rockshelters in north-central Tanzania suggests a regional pattern of changing technological behaviors through time. We use independent chronological evidence to test if the proposed technological patterns across space were also temporally equivalent. We applied AMS radiocarbon dating methods to the carbonate fraction of five ostrich eggshell fragments from Mehlman’s 1975-1976 excavations at Na…
Later Stone Age toolstone acquisition in the Central Rift Valley of Kenya
Late Holocene forager-fisher and pastoralist interactions along the Lake Victoria shores, Kenya
Evaluating the potential for tactical hunting in the Middle Stone Age
Environmental Change, Ungulate Biogeography, and Their Implications for Early Human Dispersals in Equatorial East Africa
The environmental context for the origins of modern human diversity
Levallois Lithic Technology from the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
Variability in the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa
Eastern Africa is an important area to study early populations of Homo sapiens because subsets of those populations likely dispersed to Eurasia and subsequently throughout the globe during the Upper Pleistocene. The Middle Stone Age (MSA) archaeology of this region, particularly aspects of stone-tool technology and typology, is highly variable with only rare cases of geographic and temporal patterning. Although there are differences in timing and…
Tephrostratigraphy and the Acheulian to Middle Stone Age transition in the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
"Early" Middle Stone Age Lithic Technology of the Kapthurin Formation (Kenya)
The production of Levallois flakes is considered a hallmark of many Middle Stone Age (MSA) sites, but this aspect of African Pleistocene hominin technology remains poorly documented relative to that from adjacent regions. The site of Koimilot, from the Kapthurin Formation of Kenya, preserves stratified artifact assemblages that show use of multiple Levallois methods to produce flakes of varied shapes and sizes, comparable to that described from L…
Paleoenvironmental context of the Middle Stone Age record from Karungu, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, and its implications for human and faunal dispersals in East Africa
The Pleistocene archaeology and environments of the Wasiriya Beds, Rusinga Island, Kenya
Sites on the landscape
Replicability in Lithic Analysis
The ubiquity and durability of lithic artifacts inform archaeologists about important dimensions of human behavioral variability. Despite their importance, lithic artifacts can be problematic to study because lithic analysts differ widely in their theoretical approaches and the data they collect. The extent to which differences in lithic data relate to prehistoric behavioral variability or differences between archaeologists today remains incomple…
Building a tephrostratigraphic framework for the Paleolithic of Central Anatolia, Turkey
The Pleistocene prehistory of the Lake Victoria basin
Lithic raw material acquisition and use by early Homo sapiens at Skhul, Israel
Late Holocene forager-fisher and pastoralist interactions along the Lake Victoria shores, Kenya
New Radiocarbon Dates from Nasera Rockshelter (Tanzania)
Late Pleistocene and Holocene evidence from multiple rockshelters in north-central Tanzania suggests a regional pattern of changing technological behaviors through time. We use independent chronological evidence to test if the proposed technological patterns across space were also temporally equivalent. We applied AMS radiocarbon dating methods to the carbonate fraction of five ostrich eggshell fragments from Mehlman’s 1975-1976 excavations at Na…
The Middle Stone Age of the northern Kenyan Rift
Evaluating the potential for tactical hunting in the Middle Stone Age
Late Pleistocene artefacts and fauna from Rusinga and Mfangano islands, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Surveys and excavations in 2009–2011 recovered fossil and artefact assemblages from late Pleistocene sediments on Rusinga and Mfangano islands (Lake Victoria, Kenya). Radiometric age estimates suggest that the Rusinga material dates to between 100 and 33 kya, whereas that from Mfangano may date to ≥35 kya. The preservation of a large and diverse suite of vertebrate fossils is unusual for Pleistocene sites in the Lake Victoria region and the compo…
Stable isotope paleoecology of Late Pleistocene Middle Stone Age humans from the Lake Victoria basin, Kenya
Origin of an Early Upper Palaeolithic obsidian burin at Ksar Akil (Lebanon)
Make any room your TV room
As films and television shows are more commonly consumed on digital platforms, we need a more careful exploration of how the digital delivery of cinema is altering our notions of film spectatorship. In fact, media companies have begun to appropriate models of the active and engaged viewer in order to sell mobile technologies and platforms as offering greater freedom and control over how we watch. They do this by promoting the concept of ‘platform…
Not a bathtub
Accurately reconstructing past sea level is key to simulating potential migration pathways of ancient hominins, including early Homo sapiens. Models of ancient human migration events commonly construct estimates of paleoenvironments using the “bathtub” model, in which sea level is assumed to rise and fall according to a “eustatic” (global average) value over time. However, large uncertainties exist on past ice sheet sizes and shapes, particularly…
Later Stone Age toolstone acquisition in the Central Rift Valley of Kenya
A Late Pleistocene human humerus from Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Archeological evidence for human dispersals around the Mediterranean basin
The First Africans
Tephrostratigraphy and the Acheulian to Middle Stone Age transition in the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
Tephrostratigraphy of the Bedded Tuff Member (Kapthurin Formation, Kenya) and the nature of archaeological change in the later middle Pleistocene
Correlation of volcaniclastic deposits of the Bedded Tuff Member (K4) of the Kapthurin Formation (Kenya) provides the means to assess the nature of archaeological change during the later middle Pleistocene, a time period critical to human evolution but poorly represented at other African localities. Field stratigraphic evidence, and petrographic and electron microprobe geochemical analyses of volcanic glass and phenocrysts, define eight subdivisi…
From Acheulean to Middle Stone Age in the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
The Destructive Potential of Earthworms on the Archaeobotanical Record
Earthworms are widely recognized as important agents in the formation, preservation, and alteration of archaeological sites. I conducted experiments that test the ability of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) to ingest and subsequently destroy carbonized seeds (Tapaver somniferum) under controlled settings, designed to reflect field conditions during feeding or burrowing. Results suggest modest seed breakage rates at short time scales that may resul…
Levallois Lithic Technology from the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya
"Early" Middle Stone Age Lithic Technology of the Kapthurin Formation (Kenya)
The production of Levallois flakes is considered a hallmark of many Middle Stone Age (MSA) sites, but this aspect of African Pleistocene hominin technology remains poorly documented relative to that from adjacent regions. The site of Koimilot, from the Kapthurin Formation of Kenya, preserves stratified artifact assemblages that show use of multiple Levallois methods to produce flakes of varied shapes and sizes, comparable to that described from L…
The First Africans
Building a tephrostratigraphic framework for the Paleolithic of Central Anatolia, Turkey
The Middle Stone Age of the northern Kenyan Rift
The Pleistocene archaeology and environments of the Wasiriya Beds, Rusinga Island, Kenya
Taxonomic status and paleoecology of Rusingoryx atopocranion (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), an extinct Pleistocene bovid from Rusinga Island, Kenya
Rusingoryx atopocranion is a poorly known extinct alcelaphine bovid, documented in Pleistocene deposits associated with Middle Stone Age artifacts on Rusinga Island, Kenya. Following its initial description, Rusingoryx was subsumed into Megalotragus , which includes the extinct giant wildebeests, on the basis of its cranial architecture. Renewed investigations of the Pleistocene deposits on Rusinga Island recovered a large sample of Rusingoryx sp…
Scale in tephrostratigraphic correlation
Television as New Media
Journal Article Television as New Media Get access James Bennett and Niki Strange (eds), Television as New Media. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011, 389 pp. Chuck Tryon Chuck Tryon [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Screen, Volume 53, Issue 4, Winter 2012, Pages 498–501, https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/hjs039 Published: 01 December 2012
Make any room your TV room
As films and television shows are more commonly consumed on digital platforms, we need a more careful exploration of how the digital delivery of cinema is altering our notions of film spectatorship. In fact, media companies have begun to appropriate models of the active and engaged viewer in order to sell mobile technologies and platforms as offering greater freedom and control over how we watch. They do this by promoting the concept of ‘platform…
The environmental context for the origins of modern human diversity
Late Pleistocene artefacts and fauna from Rusinga and Mfangano islands, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Surveys and excavations in 2009–2011 recovered fossil and artefact assemblages from late Pleistocene sediments on Rusinga and Mfangano islands (Lake Victoria, Kenya). Radiometric age estimates suggest that the Rusinga material dates to between 100 and 33 kya, whereas that from Mfangano may date to ≥35 kya. The preservation of a large and diverse suite of vertebrate fossils is unusual for Pleistocene sites in the Lake Victoria region and the compo…
Studying African Stone Tools
Drawing on a range of African examples, this article discusses the kinds of raw materials employed by African stone tool makers and then the techniques of manufacture employed. It adopts an approach grounded in anthropological archaeology that seeks to identify the environmental and social factors that led to the diversity of the stone artefact record in Africa. The making and using of stone tools persists among a very few African populations tod…
Sites on the landscape
Variability in the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa
Eastern Africa is an important area to study early populations of Homo sapiens because subsets of those populations likely dispersed to Eurasia and subsequently throughout the globe during the Upper Pleistocene. The Middle Stone Age (MSA) archaeology of this region, particularly aspects of stone-tool technology and typology, is highly variable with only rare cases of geographic and temporal patterning. Although there are differences in timing and…
Reconstruction of a semi-arid late Pleistocene paleocatena from the Lake Victoria region, Kenya
The effect of changing environment on the evolution of Homo sapiens is heavily debated, but few data are available from equatorial Africa prior to the last glacial maximum. The Karungu deposits on the northeast coast of Lake Victoria are ideal for paleoenvironmental reconstructions and are best studied at the Kisaaka site near Karunga in Kenya (94 to > 33 ka) where paleosols, fluvial deposits, tufa, and volcaniclastic deposits (tuffs) are exposed…
L’Aurignacien vu de l’Afrique
Le techno-complexe aurignacien en Eurasie, daté entre ~43-28 ka, ne connaît pas d’équivalent archéologique taxonomique en Afrique pour la même période, ce qui pourrait indiquer des différences liées à la communication intergroupes ou encore des différences découlant des définitions archéologiques actuellement employées. Des espèces d’hominidés disparues sont présentes en Eurasie et en Afrique pendant cette période, mais contrairement à l’Aurignac…
The Aurignacian Viewed from Africa
The Aurignacian technocomplex in Eurasia, dated to ~43-28 ka, has no direct archeological taxonomic equivalent in Africa during the same time interval, which may reflect differences in inter-group communication or differences in archeological definitions currently in use. Extinct hominin taxa are present in both Eurasia and Africa during this interval, but the African archeological record has played little role in discussions of the demographic e…
The Pleistocene prehistory of the Lake Victoria basin
Stable isotope paleoecology of Late Pleistocene Middle Stone Age humans from the Lake Victoria basin, Kenya
Paleoenvironmental context of the Middle Stone Age record from Karungu, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, and its implications for human and faunal dispersals in East Africa
Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (43 obras) · Geography (42 obras) · Archaeology (37 obras) · Geology (27 obras) · Pleistocene (26 obras) · Paleontology (21 obras) · Geology (18 obras) · Biology (17 obras) · Paleontology (17 obras) · Middle Stone Age (16 obras)