Jose-Miguel Fernández-Dols
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 110168 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jose-Miguel Fernández-Dols |
| NOMBRES | Jose-Miguel |
| APELLIDO | Fernández-Dols |
| FIRMA | FERNÁNDEZ-DOLS J |
| AFILIACIONES | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9755-4338 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 21 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 91 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 21 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1992 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Mapping the everyday concept of disgust in five cultures
Past research has shown that disgust is a heterogeneous category and lacks unity in its defining features. In the two studies reported in this paper, we examined the internal structure of disgust in English, and its translation equivalents of asco in Spanish, Ekel in German, garaf in Arabic, and yanwu in Chinese. In Study 1, 517 participants listed the most accessible constitutive features (definition, elicitors, and physical responses) of the co…
Basic emotions do not reliably co-occur with predicted facial expressions
Replies to the comments made by Witkower, et al. (see record 2023-63008-004) on the current authors original article (see record 2022-03375-001). A core assumption of Basic Emotion Theory is that the conscious experience of a basic emotion co-occurs with a facial expression signal of that same emotion. Our analysis of available evidence found co-occurrence in only 13% of cases-thus calling into question basic and applied studies in which the emot…
Facial Expressions
Disentangling the Emotional Experience of Grima
Shame as a Culture-Specific Emotion Concept
On the assumption that shame is a universal emotion, cross-cultural research on shame relies on translations assumed to be equivalent in meaning. Our studies here questioned that assumption. In three studies ( N s, 108, 120, 117), shame was compared to its translations in Spanish ( vergüenza ) and in Malayalam ( nanakedu ). American English speakers used shame for the emotional reaction to moral failures and its use correlated positively with gui…
Rejoinder to Kret and Straffon
Recognizing spontaneous facial expressions of emotion in a small-scale society of Papua New Guinea
We report 2 studies on how residents of Papua New Guinea interpret facial expressions produced spontaneously by other residents of Papua New Guinea. Members of a small-scale indigenous society, Trobrianders (Milne Bay Province; N = 32, 14 to 17 years) were shown 5 facial expressions spontaneously produced by members of another small-scale indigenous society, Fore (Eastern Highlands Province) that Ekman had photographed, labeled, and published in …
Are smiles a sign of happiness? Spontaneous expressions of judo winners
Facial expressions during an extremely intense emotional situation
Since Darwin, emotions have been defined as adaptive reactions that increase the probability of survival. In this framework, a situation in which individuals fight for their life with an imposing, aggressive animal should be an ideal elicitor of emotions and their corresponding facial expressions. We tested the correspondence between the facial expressions of 22 bullfighters (toreros) and their reported emotions at different stages of the fight. …
Psychological distance increases uncompromising consequentialism
The Archeology of Emotion Concepts
Changes in dictionary definitions over time reflect the way in which the degree of centrality of the features of the everyday concepts shame and vergüenza has changed, hence presenting different degrees of overlap between the categories at different times. We present a lexicographic analysis of the concepts shame and vergüenza in English and Spanish synchronic and diachronic dictionaries. Our results support Hurtado de Mendoza, Fernández-Dols, Pa…
Hypocrites or maligned cooperative participants? Experimenter induced normative conflict in zero-sum situations
False recognition of facial expressions of emotion
This article examines the importance of semantic processes in the recognition of emotional expressions, through a series of three studies on false recognition. The first study found a high frequency of false recognition of prototypical expressions of emotion when participants viewed slides and video clips of nonprototypical fearful and happy expressions. The second study tested whether semantic processes caused false recognition. The authors foun…
Emotional Climate as Emotion Accessibility
Many everyday collective emotions are shared emotional conventions, that is, social practices with an attributed emotional meaning (e.g., complimenting as a sign of conventional love). Emotional conventions lead to a collective priming of some categories of emotion. For example, New Year Eve's emotional conventions prime words such as “happy.” We define emotional atmosphere and emotional climate as emotion accessibility caused by the priming of s…
The Structure of Goal Contents Across 15 Cultures
The authors investigated the structure of goal contents in a group of 1,854 undergraduates from 15 cultures around the world. Results suggested that the 11 types of goals the authors assessed were consistently organized in a circumplex fashion across the 15 cultures. The circumplex was well described by positioning 2 primary dimensions underlying the goals: intrinsic (e.g., self-acceptance, affiliation) versus extrinsic (e.g., financial success, …
Culture of peace
Culture of peace is an exciting and important political proposal, but the extent to which it might be a coherent and fruitful concept in the realm of social sciences is arguable. In our view, there are three basic problems for the development of empirical studies on culture of peace. First, the concept takes for granted that culture is static and coherent, but current approaches to culture emphasize that culture is rather changeable and contradic…
Facial and Vocal Expressions of Emotion
A flurry of theoretical and empirical work concerning the production of and response to facial and vocal expressions has occurred in the past decade. That emotional expressions express emotions is a tautology but may not be a fact. Debates have centered on universality, the nature of emotion, and the link between emotions and expressions. Modern evolutionary theory is informing more models, emphasizing that expressions are directed at a receiver,…
Perverse Effects of Unfulfilled Norms
Are smiles a sign of happiness? Gold medal winners at the Olympic Games
All facial behavior displayed by 22 Olympic gold medalists during their awards ceremonies was codified. The awards ceremony contains one stage in which the medalist interacts with others and two noninteractive stages. Observers (including 10 other gold medalists) judged the emotional experience of the gold medalists to be intense happiness throughout the ceremony. However, smiles were frequent only during the interactive stage. As predicted by be…
On the clarity of expressive and contextual information in the recognition of emotions
Ekman, Friesen and Ellsworth's (1982b) influential review on emotional expression and context prescribed the current standard criteria for selecting clear and comparable faces and contexts. These recommendations might not pay enough attention to the peculiarities of contextual information. Criteria of clarity for contextual stimuli should be grounded in the process of categorization of social situations (e.g. prototypicality and salience). A set …
El reconocimiento de la norma perversa y sus consecuencia en los juicios de las personas
Tres grupos de estudiantes universitarios se enfrentaron a un caso escrito en el que debían juzgar algunos de sus personajes. Dichos casos escritos representaban una situación justa (Grupo Control 1), una situación injusta (Grupo Control 2) y una situación con los rasgos definidos por Fernández-Dols (1992) como «norma perversa»: una norma explícita e incumplible que un grupo asume o sufre por propia iniciativa o por iniciativa de otro grupo (Grup…
The Structure of Goal Contents Across 15 Cultures
The authors investigated the structure of goal contents in a group of 1,854 undergraduates from 15 cultures around the world. Results suggested that the 11 types of goals the authors assessed were consistently organized in a circumplex fashion across the 15 cultures. The circumplex was well described by positioning 2 primary dimensions underlying the goals: intrinsic (e.g., self-acceptance, affiliation) versus extrinsic (e.g., financial success, …
Are smiles a sign of happiness? Gold medal winners at the Olympic Games
All facial behavior displayed by 22 Olympic gold medalists during their awards ceremonies was codified. The awards ceremony contains one stage in which the medalist interacts with others and two noninteractive stages. Observers (including 10 other gold medalists) judged the emotional experience of the gold medalists to be intense happiness throughout the ceremony. However, smiles were frequent only during the interactive stage. As predicted by be…
Recognizing spontaneous facial expressions of emotion in a small-scale society of Papua New Guinea
We report 2 studies on how residents of Papua New Guinea interpret facial expressions produced spontaneously by other residents of Papua New Guinea. Members of a small-scale indigenous society, Trobrianders (Milne Bay Province; N = 32, 14 to 17 years) were shown 5 facial expressions spontaneously produced by members of another small-scale indigenous society, Fore (Eastern Highlands Province) that Ekman had photographed, labeled, and published in …
Psychological distance increases uncompromising consequentialism
On the clarity of expressive and contextual information in the recognition of emotions
Ekman, Friesen and Ellsworth's (1982b) influential review on emotional expression and context prescribed the current standard criteria for selecting clear and comparable faces and contexts. These recommendations might not pay enough attention to the peculiarities of contextual information. Criteria of clarity for contextual stimuli should be grounded in the process of categorization of social situations (e.g. prototypicality and salience). A set …
Hypocrites or maligned cooperative participants? Experimenter induced normative conflict in zero-sum situations
Facial expressions during an extremely intense emotional situation
Since Darwin, emotions have been defined as adaptive reactions that increase the probability of survival. In this framework, a situation in which individuals fight for their life with an imposing, aggressive animal should be an ideal elicitor of emotions and their corresponding facial expressions. We tested the correspondence between the facial expressions of 22 bullfighters (toreros) and their reported emotions at different stages of the fight. …
The Archeology of Emotion Concepts
Changes in dictionary definitions over time reflect the way in which the degree of centrality of the features of the everyday concepts shame and vergüenza has changed, hence presenting different degrees of overlap between the categories at different times. We present a lexicographic analysis of the concepts shame and vergüenza in English and Spanish synchronic and diachronic dictionaries. Our results support Hurtado de Mendoza, Fernández-Dols, Pa…
Emotional Climate as Emotion Accessibility
Many everyday collective emotions are shared emotional conventions, that is, social practices with an attributed emotional meaning (e.g., complimenting as a sign of conventional love). Emotional conventions lead to a collective priming of some categories of emotion. For example, New Year Eve's emotional conventions prime words such as “happy.” We define emotional atmosphere and emotional climate as emotion accessibility caused by the priming of s…
Culture of peace
Culture of peace is an exciting and important political proposal, but the extent to which it might be a coherent and fruitful concept in the realm of social sciences is arguable. In our view, there are three basic problems for the development of empirical studies on culture of peace. First, the concept takes for granted that culture is static and coherent, but current approaches to culture emphasize that culture is rather changeable and contradic…
El reconocimiento de la norma perversa y sus consecuencia en los juicios de las personas
Tres grupos de estudiantes universitarios se enfrentaron a un caso escrito en el que debían juzgar algunos de sus personajes. Dichos casos escritos representaban una situación justa (Grupo Control 1), una situación injusta (Grupo Control 2) y una situación con los rasgos definidos por Fernández-Dols (1992) como «norma perversa»: una norma explícita e incumplible que un grupo asume o sufre por propia iniciativa o por iniciativa de otro grupo (Grup…
On the clarity of expressive and contextual information in the recognition of emotions
Ekman, Friesen and Ellsworth's (1982b) influential review on emotional expression and context prescribed the current standard criteria for selecting clear and comparable faces and contexts. These recommendations might not pay enough attention to the peculiarities of contextual information. Criteria of clarity for contextual stimuli should be grounded in the process of categorization of social situations (e.g. prototypicality and salience). A set …
Are smiles a sign of happiness? Gold medal winners at the Olympic Games
All facial behavior displayed by 22 Olympic gold medalists during their awards ceremonies was codified. The awards ceremony contains one stage in which the medalist interacts with others and two noninteractive stages. Observers (including 10 other gold medalists) judged the emotional experience of the gold medalists to be intense happiness throughout the ceremony. However, smiles were frequent only during the interactive stage. As predicted by be…
Perverse Effects of Unfulfilled Norms
Facial and Vocal Expressions of Emotion
A flurry of theoretical and empirical work concerning the production of and response to facial and vocal expressions has occurred in the past decade. That emotional expressions express emotions is a tautology but may not be a fact. Debates have centered on universality, the nature of emotion, and the link between emotions and expressions. Modern evolutionary theory is informing more models, emphasizing that expressions are directed at a receiver,…
Culture of peace
Culture of peace is an exciting and important political proposal, but the extent to which it might be a coherent and fruitful concept in the realm of social sciences is arguable. In our view, there are three basic problems for the development of empirical studies on culture of peace. First, the concept takes for granted that culture is static and coherent, but current approaches to culture emphasize that culture is rather changeable and contradic…
The Structure of Goal Contents Across 15 Cultures
The authors investigated the structure of goal contents in a group of 1,854 undergraduates from 15 cultures around the world. Results suggested that the 11 types of goals the authors assessed were consistently organized in a circumplex fashion across the 15 cultures. The circumplex was well described by positioning 2 primary dimensions underlying the goals: intrinsic (e.g., self-acceptance, affiliation) versus extrinsic (e.g., financial success, …
Emotional Climate as Emotion Accessibility
Many everyday collective emotions are shared emotional conventions, that is, social practices with an attributed emotional meaning (e.g., complimenting as a sign of conventional love). Emotional conventions lead to a collective priming of some categories of emotion. For example, New Year Eve's emotional conventions prime words such as “happy.” We define emotional atmosphere and emotional climate as emotion accessibility caused by the priming of s…
False recognition of facial expressions of emotion
This article examines the importance of semantic processes in the recognition of emotional expressions, through a series of three studies on false recognition. The first study found a high frequency of false recognition of prototypical expressions of emotion when participants viewed slides and video clips of nonprototypical fearful and happy expressions. The second study tested whether semantic processes caused false recognition. The authors foun…
Hypocrites or maligned cooperative participants? Experimenter induced normative conflict in zero-sum situations
Psychological distance increases uncompromising consequentialism
The Archeology of Emotion Concepts
Changes in dictionary definitions over time reflect the way in which the degree of centrality of the features of the everyday concepts shame and vergüenza has changed, hence presenting different degrees of overlap between the categories at different times. We present a lexicographic analysis of the concepts shame and vergüenza in English and Spanish synchronic and diachronic dictionaries. Our results support Hurtado de Mendoza, Fernández-Dols, Pa…
Are smiles a sign of happiness? Spontaneous expressions of judo winners
Facial expressions during an extremely intense emotional situation
Since Darwin, emotions have been defined as adaptive reactions that increase the probability of survival. In this framework, a situation in which individuals fight for their life with an imposing, aggressive animal should be an ideal elicitor of emotions and their corresponding facial expressions. We tested the correspondence between the facial expressions of 22 bullfighters (toreros) and their reported emotions at different stages of the fight. …
Recognizing spontaneous facial expressions of emotion in a small-scale society of Papua New Guinea
We report 2 studies on how residents of Papua New Guinea interpret facial expressions produced spontaneously by other residents of Papua New Guinea. Members of a small-scale indigenous society, Trobrianders (Milne Bay Province; N = 32, 14 to 17 years) were shown 5 facial expressions spontaneously produced by members of another small-scale indigenous society, Fore (Eastern Highlands Province) that Ekman had photographed, labeled, and published in …
Facial Expressions
Disentangling the Emotional Experience of Grima
Shame as a Culture-Specific Emotion Concept
On the assumption that shame is a universal emotion, cross-cultural research on shame relies on translations assumed to be equivalent in meaning. Our studies here questioned that assumption. In three studies ( N s, 108, 120, 117), shame was compared to its translations in Spanish ( vergüenza ) and in Malayalam ( nanakedu ). American English speakers used shame for the emotional reaction to moral failures and its use correlated positively with gui…
Rejoinder to Kret and Straffon
Basic emotions do not reliably co-occur with predicted facial expressions
Replies to the comments made by Witkower, et al. (see record 2023-63008-004) on the current authors original article (see record 2022-03375-001). A core assumption of Basic Emotion Theory is that the conscious experience of a basic emotion co-occurs with a facial expression signal of that same emotion. Our analysis of available evidence found co-occurrence in only 13% of cases-thus calling into question basic and applied studies in which the emot…
Mapping the everyday concept of disgust in five cultures
Past research has shown that disgust is a heterogeneous category and lacks unity in its defining features. In the two studies reported in this paper, we examined the internal structure of disgust in English, and its translation equivalents of asco in Spanish, Ekel in German, garaf in Arabic, and yanwu in Chinese. In Study 1, 517 participants listed the most accessible constitutive features (definition, elicitors, and physical responses) of the co…
Psychology (19 obras) · Social Psychology (15 obras) · Face Recognition and Perception (9 obras) · Cognitive psychology (8 obras) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (8 obras) · Linguistics (7 obras) · Philosophy (6 obras) · Social Psychology (6 obras) · Communication (5 obras) · Computer Science (5 obras)