J R Pilcher
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1114271 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | J R Pilcher |
| NOMBRES | J R |
| APELLIDO | Pilcher |
| FIRMA | PILCHER J R |
| AFILIACIONES | Queen's University Belfast |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 289 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1970 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2015 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years
Late-Quaternary Icelandic tephras in Ireland and Great Britain
Microscopic studies of late-Quaternary tephras from Iceland yield a detailed tephrochronology in deposits of the British Isles, where the quantities of volcanic glass employed are much less than those used to construct almost any other late-Quatemary tephrochronology. We summarize improved methods of isolating extremely sparse glass shards for light microscope and electron microprobe analysis and provide major element geochemistry for 20 volcanic…
Variations of Radiocarbon in Tree Rings
The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland and University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand radiocarbon laboratories have undertaken a series of high-precision measurements on decadal samples of dendrochronologically dated oak ( Quercus patrea ) and cedar ( Libocedrus bidwillii ) from Great Britain and New Zealand, respectively. The results show a real atmospheric offset of 3.4 ± 0.6% (27.2 ± 4.7 14 C yr) between the two locations for th…
Radiocarbon dating of a recent high latitude peat profile
The value of both high-precision (HP) and AMS 14 C determinations in the fine-resolution dating of recent peat at Stor Åmyrân, near Umeå, northern Sweden has been explored. A detailed chronology of accumu lation, based on 14 C, an occurrence of the Askja AD 1875 tephra and 241 Am measurements has been derived for the last 700 years. This shows significant changes in the mass balance of the peat profile, with minimum rates of net carbon sequestrat…
Dates of Holocene Icelandic volcanic eruptions from tephra layers in Irish peats
Tephra from historic and prehistoric eruptions of Oraefajøkull and Hekla, Iceland, have been found in Irish peats. Using a series of stratigraphically related high-precision radiocarbon measure ments, the date of a known-age eruption has been satisfactorily estimated. Based on the same techniques, the calendrical date of the Hekla 4 eruption has been estimated as 2310 ± 20 BC
Location-Dependent Differences in the 14 C Content of Wood
The long 14 C chronologies currently used as calibration curves combine results from wood that grew in the western United States, the British Isles and Germany. Although these results show few significant differences in the 14 C content of contemporaneous wood when averaged over the length of the chronology ( i.e. , the means of overlapping sections of chronology are the same), closer examination shows considerable variability. Separating the sec…
Δ 13 C Measurements from the Irish Oak Chronology
Measurements of the stable isotope ratio 13 C/ 12 C, relative to PDB, were made for fractionation correction purposes on all oak samples used in the Irish oak 14 C calibration curve. Stable isotope data have not been published previously. We have collated the stable isotope data from the calibration work, carried out some further measurements to investigate anomalies in the original results, and generated tables of data that include site and tree…
The Dating by Dendrochronology of Three Northamptonshire Halls
Timber in the roofs of the great halls at Abington Hall, Boughton House and Upton Hall has been sampled for dendrochronological analysis. The roof at Abington is of single hammer-beam construction. Those at Boughton and Upton, along with that formerly over the hall at Fawsley, form a distinct group of late-medieval hall roofs characterised by principal and intermediate collar-beam arch-braced trusses. Cusped bracing within the trusses, cusped win…
The Dating by Dendrochronology of Three Northamptonshire Halls
Timber in the roofs of the great halls at Abington Hall, Boughton House and Upton Hall has been sampled for dendrochronological analysis. The roof at Abington is of single hammer-beam construction. Those at Boughton and Upton, along with that formerly over the hall at Fawsley, form a distinct group of late-medieval hall roofs characterised by principal and intermediate collar-beam arch-braced trusses. Cusped bracing within the trusses, cusped win…
The palynology of archaeological sites
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from AD 1840 to 5210 BC
High-precision measurement of dendrochronologically dated Irish oak at bi-decade/decade intervals has continued in the Belfast laboratory, extending the 14 C data base from ca AD 1840 to 5210 BC. The dendrochronology is now considered absolute (see Belfast dendrochronology this conference) (Brown et al , 1986) and a continuous detailed curve is presented, showing the natural variations in the atmospheric concentration of 14 C over >7000 years. Ea…
Dendrochronology—The Absolute Irish Standard
Since the 11th International Radiocarbon Conference considerable advances have been made in European dendrochronology giving several long continuous absolute chronologies. Recent collaboration between European laboratories provides confirmation of the accuracy of these chronologies and, thus, of the standards used for radiocarbon calibration
A 7,272-year tree-ring chronology for western Europe
Dendrochronology at Belfast as a Background to High-Precision Calibration
The tree-ring program at Belfast originally aimed at the construction of a 6000-year oak chronology. The stimulus for this work came from the large numbers of sub-fossil oaks uncovered in Northern Ireland during land drainage and motorway construction in the late 1960's (Pilcher et al 1977). It became clear that any attempt to build such a long chronology would break naturally into two distinct units. One unit related to the construction of a pre…
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from 200 BC to 4000 BC
Bi-decade samples of dendrochronologically matched Irish Oak, measured with a precision of ca ± 20 years, covering the period 200 to 4000 BC are presented. The data are compared with the published data of Suess, de Jong, and Mook to provide a general calibration of the 14 C time scale for this period. Although the dendrochronologic sequences presented are not absolutely tied to present, the best fit (based on 14 C evidence) of the Belfast data to…
Implications of a European radiocarbon calibration
Clark (1975) gave a clear account to ANTIQUITY readers of the current state of the radiocarbon calibration problem. It is now 19 years since De Vries demonstrated that one of the primary assumptions of the radiocarbon dating method was in error. Since then more than 1,200 measurements have been made on samples of known-age wood and over 70 papers published on this topic (reviewed by Bermingham and Renfrew, 1972 and by Clark, 1975). In spite of th…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VIII
Procedures of measurements and calculation remain as previously described. All samples are pretreated according to the methods described in R, 1971, v 13, p 103 and p 123 unless specified under the sample descriptions. Unless stated samples are from Ireland
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VII
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. All samples are from Ireland unless specified
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VI
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. This list includes some small samples counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 76cm Hg. at 20°C. Carbon isotope ratios were obtained and calculated as described (R., 1973, v. 15, p. 212). All samples are from Ireland
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates V
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. Samples in this list were counted at filling pressures equivalent to either 152 or 380 cm Hg at 20°C. Pretreatments are as given in previous lists unless otherwise specified. All wood samples were treated with sodium chlorite and dilute HCl to leave a cellulose-rich residue. Pine wood was in some cases extracted with petroleum spirit in a Soxhlet apparatus b…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates IV
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. All samples in this list have been counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 152 cm Hg at 20°C. The proportional counter has recently been re-wired, resulting in a lowering of the operating voltage. Electron-microscopic examination of the old counter wire showed considerable thickening due to the accumulation of fine dust particles. A filter is being insta…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates III
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory remains essentially as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290, and the operating conditions as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 291–297. Small samples, however, have been counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 152 cm Hg at 20°C. Charcoal samples pretreated by nitration have been treated as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290. Other charcoal samples have been pretreated using the fol…
New radiocarbon dates from Ireland
A great part of the work of the Belfast radiocarbon dating laboratory, which is in the charge of MY G. W. Pearson, has so far been connected with environmental studies. A number of dates have been obtained, however, from archaeological contexts. In this article, written with two colleagues in the Laboratory, the archaeological dates are summarized and an outline given of thepalaeoecological work in a more reasoned
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates II
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory has remained essentially as described in Belfast I (this volume). Rewiring of the counter has increased the detection efficiency slightly. Background count corrected to 1606 mb is now 11.0 counts/min and the net count rate for 95% of the NBS oxalic acid standard is 56.0 counts/min. All charcoal samples have been pretreated in accordance with the schedule given in Belfast I
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates I
The dating equipment in the Queen's University Palaeoecology Laboratory was installed to provide data for research projects, initially dealing with the development of agriculture, in the departments of Botany and Archaeology
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from AD 1840 to 5210 BC
High-precision measurement of dendrochronologically dated Irish oak at bi-decade/decade intervals has continued in the Belfast laboratory, extending the 14 C data base from ca AD 1840 to 5210 BC. The dendrochronology is now considered absolute (see Belfast dendrochronology this conference) (Brown et al , 1986) and a continuous detailed curve is presented, showing the natural variations in the atmospheric concentration of 14 C over >7000 years. Ea…
The palynology of archaeological sites
Dates of Holocene Icelandic volcanic eruptions from tephra layers in Irish peats
Tephra from historic and prehistoric eruptions of Oraefajøkull and Hekla, Iceland, have been found in Irish peats. Using a series of stratigraphically related high-precision radiocarbon measure ments, the date of a known-age eruption has been satisfactorily estimated. Based on the same techniques, the calendrical date of the Hekla 4 eruption has been estimated as 2310 ± 20 BC
Location-Dependent Differences in the 14 C Content of Wood
The long 14 C chronologies currently used as calibration curves combine results from wood that grew in the western United States, the British Isles and Germany. Although these results show few significant differences in the 14 C content of contemporaneous wood when averaged over the length of the chronology ( i.e. , the means of overlapping sections of chronology are the same), closer examination shows considerable variability. Separating the sec…
Variations of Radiocarbon in Tree Rings
The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland and University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand radiocarbon laboratories have undertaken a series of high-precision measurements on decadal samples of dendrochronologically dated oak ( Quercus patrea ) and cedar ( Libocedrus bidwillii ) from Great Britain and New Zealand, respectively. The results show a real atmospheric offset of 3.4 ± 0.6% (27.2 ± 4.7 14 C yr) between the two locations for th…
Radiocarbon dating of a recent high latitude peat profile
The value of both high-precision (HP) and AMS 14 C determinations in the fine-resolution dating of recent peat at Stor Åmyrân, near Umeå, northern Sweden has been explored. A detailed chronology of accumu lation, based on 14 C, an occurrence of the Askja AD 1875 tephra and 241 Am measurements has been derived for the last 700 years. This shows significant changes in the mass balance of the peat profile, with minimum rates of net carbon sequestrat…
Late-Quaternary Icelandic tephras in Ireland and Great Britain
Microscopic studies of late-Quaternary tephras from Iceland yield a detailed tephrochronology in deposits of the British Isles, where the quantities of volcanic glass employed are much less than those used to construct almost any other late-Quatemary tephrochronology. We summarize improved methods of isolating extremely sparse glass shards for light microscope and electron microprobe analysis and provide major element geochemistry for 20 volcanic…
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from 200 BC to 4000 BC
Bi-decade samples of dendrochronologically matched Irish Oak, measured with a precision of ca ± 20 years, covering the period 200 to 4000 BC are presented. The data are compared with the published data of Suess, de Jong, and Mook to provide a general calibration of the 14 C time scale for this period. Although the dendrochronologic sequences presented are not absolutely tied to present, the best fit (based on 14 C evidence) of the Belfast data to…
Dendrochronology at Belfast as a Background to High-Precision Calibration
The tree-ring program at Belfast originally aimed at the construction of a 6000-year oak chronology. The stimulus for this work came from the large numbers of sub-fossil oaks uncovered in Northern Ireland during land drainage and motorway construction in the late 1960's (Pilcher et al 1977). It became clear that any attempt to build such a long chronology would break naturally into two distinct units. One unit related to the construction of a pre…
Dendrochronology—The Absolute Irish Standard
Since the 11th International Radiocarbon Conference considerable advances have been made in European dendrochronology giving several long continuous absolute chronologies. Recent collaboration between European laboratories provides confirmation of the accuracy of these chronologies and, thus, of the standards used for radiocarbon calibration
Δ 13 C Measurements from the Irish Oak Chronology
Measurements of the stable isotope ratio 13 C/ 12 C, relative to PDB, were made for fractionation correction purposes on all oak samples used in the Irish oak 14 C calibration curve. Stable isotope data have not been published previously. We have collated the stable isotope data from the calibration work, carried out some further measurements to investigate anomalies in the original results, and generated tables of data that include site and tree…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates V
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. Samples in this list were counted at filling pressures equivalent to either 152 or 380 cm Hg at 20°C. Pretreatments are as given in previous lists unless otherwise specified. All wood samples were treated with sodium chlorite and dilute HCl to leave a cellulose-rich residue. Pine wood was in some cases extracted with petroleum spirit in a Soxhlet apparatus b…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates I
The dating equipment in the Queen's University Palaeoecology Laboratory was installed to provide data for research projects, initially dealing with the development of agriculture, in the departments of Botany and Archaeology
Implications of a European radiocarbon calibration
Clark (1975) gave a clear account to ANTIQUITY readers of the current state of the radiocarbon calibration problem. It is now 19 years since De Vries demonstrated that one of the primary assumptions of the radiocarbon dating method was in error. Since then more than 1,200 measurements have been made on samples of known-age wood and over 70 papers published on this topic (reviewed by Bermingham and Renfrew, 1972 and by Clark, 1975). In spite of th…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VI
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. This list includes some small samples counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 76cm Hg. at 20°C. Carbon isotope ratios were obtained and calculated as described (R., 1973, v. 15, p. 212). All samples are from Ireland
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates III
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory remains essentially as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290, and the operating conditions as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 291–297. Small samples, however, have been counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 152 cm Hg at 20°C. Charcoal samples pretreated by nitration have been treated as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290. Other charcoal samples have been pretreated using the fol…
New radiocarbon dates from Ireland
A great part of the work of the Belfast radiocarbon dating laboratory, which is in the charge of MY G. W. Pearson, has so far been connected with environmental studies. A number of dates have been obtained, however, from archaeological contexts. In this article, written with two colleagues in the Laboratory, the archaeological dates are summarized and an outline given of thepalaeoecological work in a more reasoned
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates II
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory has remained essentially as described in Belfast I (this volume). Rewiring of the counter has increased the detection efficiency slightly. Background count corrected to 1606 mb is now 11.0 counts/min and the net count rate for 95% of the NBS oxalic acid standard is 56.0 counts/min. All charcoal samples have been pretreated in accordance with the schedule given in Belfast I
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates II
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory has remained essentially as described in Belfast I (this volume). Rewiring of the counter has increased the detection efficiency slightly. Background count corrected to 1606 mb is now 11.0 counts/min and the net count rate for 95% of the NBS oxalic acid standard is 56.0 counts/min. All charcoal samples have been pretreated in accordance with the schedule given in Belfast I
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates I
The dating equipment in the Queen's University Palaeoecology Laboratory was installed to provide data for research projects, initially dealing with the development of agriculture, in the departments of Botany and Archaeology
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates IV
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. All samples in this list have been counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 152 cm Hg at 20°C. The proportional counter has recently been re-wired, resulting in a lowering of the operating voltage. Electron-microscopic examination of the old counter wire showed considerable thickening due to the accumulation of fine dust particles. A filter is being insta…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates III
The dating equipment in the Palaeoecology Laboratory remains essentially as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290, and the operating conditions as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 291–297. Small samples, however, have been counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 152 cm Hg at 20°C. Charcoal samples pretreated by nitration have been treated as described in R., 1970, v. 12, p. 285–290. Other charcoal samples have been pretreated using the fol…
New radiocarbon dates from Ireland
A great part of the work of the Belfast radiocarbon dating laboratory, which is in the charge of MY G. W. Pearson, has so far been connected with environmental studies. A number of dates have been obtained, however, from archaeological contexts. In this article, written with two colleagues in the Laboratory, the archaeological dates are summarized and an outline given of thepalaeoecological work in a more reasoned
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VI
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. This list includes some small samples counted at a filling pressure equivalent to 76cm Hg. at 20°C. Carbon isotope ratios were obtained and calculated as described (R., 1973, v. 15, p. 212). All samples are from Ireland
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates V
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. Samples in this list were counted at filling pressures equivalent to either 152 or 380 cm Hg at 20°C. Pretreatments are as given in previous lists unless otherwise specified. All wood samples were treated with sodium chlorite and dilute HCl to leave a cellulose-rich residue. Pine wood was in some cases extracted with petroleum spirit in a Soxhlet apparatus b…
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VII
The dating equipment and operating conditions remain essentially as previously described. All samples are from Ireland unless specified
Belfast Radiocarbon Dates VIII
Procedures of measurements and calculation remain as previously described. All samples are pretreated according to the methods described in R, 1971, v 13, p 103 and p 123 unless specified under the sample descriptions. Unless stated samples are from Ireland
Implications of a European radiocarbon calibration
Clark (1975) gave a clear account to ANTIQUITY readers of the current state of the radiocarbon calibration problem. It is now 19 years since De Vries demonstrated that one of the primary assumptions of the radiocarbon dating method was in error. Since then more than 1,200 measurements have been made on samples of known-age wood and over 70 papers published on this topic (reviewed by Bermingham and Renfrew, 1972 and by Clark, 1975). In spite of th…
Dendrochronology at Belfast as a Background to High-Precision Calibration
The tree-ring program at Belfast originally aimed at the construction of a 6000-year oak chronology. The stimulus for this work came from the large numbers of sub-fossil oaks uncovered in Northern Ireland during land drainage and motorway construction in the late 1960's (Pilcher et al 1977). It became clear that any attempt to build such a long chronology would break naturally into two distinct units. One unit related to the construction of a pre…
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from 200 BC to 4000 BC
Bi-decade samples of dendrochronologically matched Irish Oak, measured with a precision of ca ± 20 years, covering the period 200 to 4000 BC are presented. The data are compared with the published data of Suess, de Jong, and Mook to provide a general calibration of the 14 C time scale for this period. Although the dendrochronologic sequences presented are not absolutely tied to present, the best fit (based on 14 C evidence) of the Belfast data to…
A 7,272-year tree-ring chronology for western Europe
The palynology of archaeological sites
High-Precision 14 C Measurement of Irish Oaks to Show the Natural 14 C Variations from AD 1840 to 5210 BC
High-precision measurement of dendrochronologically dated Irish oak at bi-decade/decade intervals has continued in the Belfast laboratory, extending the 14 C data base from ca AD 1840 to 5210 BC. The dendrochronology is now considered absolute (see Belfast dendrochronology this conference) (Brown et al , 1986) and a continuous detailed curve is presented, showing the natural variations in the atmospheric concentration of 14 C over >7000 years. Ea…
Dendrochronology—The Absolute Irish Standard
Since the 11th International Radiocarbon Conference considerable advances have been made in European dendrochronology giving several long continuous absolute chronologies. Recent collaboration between European laboratories provides confirmation of the accuracy of these chronologies and, thus, of the standards used for radiocarbon calibration
The Dating by Dendrochronology of Three Northamptonshire Halls
Timber in the roofs of the great halls at Abington Hall, Boughton House and Upton Hall has been sampled for dendrochronological analysis. The roof at Abington is of single hammer-beam construction. Those at Boughton and Upton, along with that formerly over the hall at Fawsley, form a distinct group of late-medieval hall roofs characterised by principal and intermediate collar-beam arch-braced trusses. Cusped bracing within the trusses, cusped win…
The Dating by Dendrochronology of Three Northamptonshire Halls
Timber in the roofs of the great halls at Abington Hall, Boughton House and Upton Hall has been sampled for dendrochronological analysis. The roof at Abington is of single hammer-beam construction. Those at Boughton and Upton, along with that formerly over the hall at Fawsley, form a distinct group of late-medieval hall roofs characterised by principal and intermediate collar-beam arch-braced trusses. Cusped bracing within the trusses, cusped win…
Δ 13 C Measurements from the Irish Oak Chronology
Measurements of the stable isotope ratio 13 C/ 12 C, relative to PDB, were made for fractionation correction purposes on all oak samples used in the Irish oak 14 C calibration curve. Stable isotope data have not been published previously. We have collated the stable isotope data from the calibration work, carried out some further measurements to investigate anomalies in the original results, and generated tables of data that include site and tree…
Dates of Holocene Icelandic volcanic eruptions from tephra layers in Irish peats
Tephra from historic and prehistoric eruptions of Oraefajøkull and Hekla, Iceland, have been found in Irish peats. Using a series of stratigraphically related high-precision radiocarbon measure ments, the date of a known-age eruption has been satisfactorily estimated. Based on the same techniques, the calendrical date of the Hekla 4 eruption has been estimated as 2310 ± 20 BC
Location-Dependent Differences in the 14 C Content of Wood
The long 14 C chronologies currently used as calibration curves combine results from wood that grew in the western United States, the British Isles and Germany. Although these results show few significant differences in the 14 C content of contemporaneous wood when averaged over the length of the chronology ( i.e. , the means of overlapping sections of chronology are the same), closer examination shows considerable variability. Separating the sec…
Radiocarbon dating of a recent high latitude peat profile
The value of both high-precision (HP) and AMS 14 C determinations in the fine-resolution dating of recent peat at Stor Åmyrân, near Umeå, northern Sweden has been explored. A detailed chronology of accumu lation, based on 14 C, an occurrence of the Askja AD 1875 tephra and 241 Am measurements has been derived for the last 700 years. This shows significant changes in the mass balance of the peat profile, with minimum rates of net carbon sequestrat…
Variations of Radiocarbon in Tree Rings
The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland and University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand radiocarbon laboratories have undertaken a series of high-precision measurements on decadal samples of dendrochronologically dated oak ( Quercus patrea ) and cedar ( Libocedrus bidwillii ) from Great Britain and New Zealand, respectively. The results show a real atmospheric offset of 3.4 ± 0.6% (27.2 ± 4.7 14 C yr) between the two locations for th…
Late-Quaternary Icelandic tephras in Ireland and Great Britain
Microscopic studies of late-Quaternary tephras from Iceland yield a detailed tephrochronology in deposits of the British Isles, where the quantities of volcanic glass employed are much less than those used to construct almost any other late-Quatemary tephrochronology. We summarize improved methods of isolating extremely sparse glass shards for light microscope and electron microprobe analysis and provide major element geochemistry for 20 volcanic…
Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years
Archaeology (22 obras) · Geology (22 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (19 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (19 obras) · Geography (16 obras) · Paleontology (13 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (13 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (12 obras) · Mineralogy (9 obras) · Physical geography (9 obras)