James B Jacobs
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 116281 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | James B Jacobs |
| NOMBRES | James B |
| APELLIDO | Jacobs |
| FIRMA | JACOBS J B |
| AFILIACIONES | New York University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 75 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 202 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 76 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1947 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Mobsters, Unions, and Feds
Nowhere in the world has organized crime infiltrated the labor movement as effectively as in the United States. Yet the government, the AFL-CIO, and the civil liberties community all but ignored the situation for most of the twentieth century. Since 1975, however, the FBI, Department of Justice, and the federal judiciary have relentlessly battled against labor racketeering, even in some of the nation's most powerful unions. Mobsters, Unions, and …
Gotham Unbound
Cosa Nostra. Organized crime. The Mob. Call it what you like, no other crime group has infiltrated labor unions and manipulated legitimate industries like Italian organized crime families. One cannot understand the history and political economy of New York City-or most other major American cities-in the 20th century without focusing on the role of organized crime in the urban power structure. Gotham Unbound demonstrates the remarkable range of Co…
Conclusion to Part II
Select Bibliography
Carting Away a Fortune
Glossary of Names
Defeating Cosa Nostra in the Waste-Hauling Industry
Freeing the Fulton Fish Market
Liberating the Garment District
Ridding the Javits Convention Center of Organized Crime
An Introduction to the Place and the Players
Building a Cosa Nostra Fiefdom
Purging the Mob from John F.Kennedy Airport
Cleansing the Construction Industry
A Cosa Nostra Outfit
Fishy Business
Exhibiting Corruption
The Taking of John F.Kennedy Airport
Conclusion to Part I
Busting the Mob
Since Prohibition, the Mafia has captivated the media and, indeed, the American imagination. From Al Capone to John Gotti, organized crime bosses have achieved notoriety as anti- heroes in popular culture. In practice, organized crime grew strong and wealthy by supplying illicit goods and services and by obtaining control over labor unions and key industries. Despite, or perhaps because of, its power and high profile, Cosa Nostra faced little opp…
The Rise and Fall of Organized Crime in the United States
The Italian American Cosa Nostra crime families are the longest-lived and most successful organized crime organizations in US history, achieving their pinnacle of power in the 1970s and 1980s. The families seized opportunities during the early twentieth-century labor wars and under national alcohol prohibition from 1919 to 1933. Control of labor unions gave them power to determine the companies that could operate in various sectors and enabled th…
The Eternal Criminal Record
For 60 million Americans a criminal record overshadows everything else about their identity. Citizens have a right to know when someone around them represents a threat. But convicted persons have rights too. James Jacobs examines the problem of erroneous records and proposes ways to eliminate discrimination for those who have been rehabilitated.
Organized Crime Control in the United States of America
Is Labor Union Corruption Special
Labor racketeering has attracted a good deal of attention from law enforcement agencies, legislators, and journalists, but surprisingly little attention from corruption scholars. While the origin of the term “labor racketeering” is obscure, it has come to be associated with a type of corruption perpetrated by union officials under the direction of, or in conjunction with, organized crime (Cohen 2003, 575–76, 587–91; Jacobs 2006, 11–12). Organized…
Gotham Unbound
En fin de vol. (p.307) références des arrêtés de justice mettant en cause le crime organisé à New-York depuis 1945
Street Gangs behind Bars
This paper reports on a participant observation study carried out at Stateville Penitentiary, a maximum security prison, during the summer of 1972. The social organization of the prison has been a topic of frequent sociological attention. Efforts have been made to explain “inmate culture” and the often referred to “inmate code.” Contrary to the traditional structural-functional explanation for inmate organization which focuses upon situational va…
Integrating the Keepers
This article attempts to verify empirically the popularly held assumption that replacing veteran white rural prison guards with young black urban guards will significantly ameliorate tension, strain and conflict in the prison community. At issue sociologically is whether the attitudes of prison guards can be better accounted for by the exigencies of the role or by such a crucial background variable as race. The authors administered a questionnair…
Prison Guard
Ban the Box to Promote Ex‐offender Employment
Hate Crime
Race Relations and the Prisoner Subculture
The extensive scholarly literature on prisoner subculture has, until quite recently, virtually ignored race relations. The oversight is significant; prisons have a long history of segregation and racial discrimination. Descriptions and theories of prisoner subculture which do not take racial cleavages into account are incomplete and need to be reconsidered. Since the late 1950s race relations have precipitated enormous changes in prisoner subcult…
Are criminal convictions a public matter? The USA and Spain
A criminal conviction, if widely known, constitutes a life-long stigma that limits the convicted person’s employment and other opportunities. European countries, including Spain, recognizing an individual right of informational privacy and a societal interest in limiting recidivism, sharply restrict the dissemination of individual criminal history information. By contrast, the USA, in accordance with its commitments to judicial transparency, free…
Aliens in the U.S. Armed Forces
Gang databases
Hate Crimes
During the past decade, spurred by claims that the country is experiencing a hate crime epidemic, Congress and the majority of states have enacted laws increasing the punishment for crimes motivated by officially disfavored prejudices. Congress has also mandated a reporting system that aims to provide data on the incidence of hate crime. Some police departments have formed bias crime units. The upshot is the emergence of a new crime category and …
Cosa Nostra
An unprecedented law enforcement attack, coupled with new civil and regulatory organized crime control strategies, leaves the survival of the Italian organized crime families in doubt. Although the families in different cities operate, for the most part, independently, their internal composition is consistent. They are characterized by a rigid hierarchical structure and an extreme emphasis on secrecy. Cosa Nostra can be distinguished from other o…
Vietnam Veterans And the Agent Orange Controversy
The efforts by Vietnam veterans to obtain compensation and an admission of responsibility from the U.S. government and its defense contractors for health problems allegedly caused by Agent Orange contamination during the Vietnam War is perhaps the most important veterans' issue of this generation. This article explains the emergence of Agent Orange as a veterans' issue and traces the controversy through the VA, Congress, and the courts. The case …
The Prisoners' Rights Movement and Its Impacts, 1960-80
Even as some prison officials and academics brand judicial intervention in matters of prison policy and administration as misguided and counterproductive, some prisoner advocates despair of the capacity of law reform to produce meaningful prison reform. The prisoners' rights movement should be seen as a sociopolitical movement like the civil rights movement or the women's movement. From this perspective, individual case holdings that have dominat…
Legal Change Within the United States Armed Forces Since World War II
Participant Observation in Prison
Prison Overcrowding and the Law
This article traces and analyzes the history of prison- and jail-crowding litigation in the federal courts since the 1960s. While prisoners and pretrial detainees have won many victories, the doctrinal basis for a constitutional right to uncrowded incarceration facilities remains unclear and is still evolving. Despite several recent Supreme Court decisions unfavorable to inmates, there has been no rejection of the principles (1) that the totality…
The Rise and Fall of Organized Crime in the United States
The Italian American Cosa Nostra crime families are the longest-lived and most successful organized crime organizations in US history, achieving their pinnacle of power in the 1970s and 1980s. The families seized opportunities during the early twentieth-century labor wars and under national alcohol prohibition from 1919 to 1933. Control of labor unions gave them power to determine the companies that could operate in various sectors and enabled th…
Challenging the Taylor Law
In analyzing the 1979 strike by nearly all of the prison guards in New York State, this paper focuses on the social organization of the prison environment and the guards' changing occupational role as critical causes of the strike. Many guards believe that in recent years they have lost status and much of their authority; in addition, racial tension has mounted within the guard force as well as between guards and inmates. The authors argue that c…
Labor Racketeering
The labor movement and its members have long suffered from extortion, thievery, and fraud. Corrupt labor officials have used union power to extort money from businesses. Labor racketeering has been a major source of the Cosa Nostra crime families' power and wealth since the 1930s. Nonetheless, combating labor racketeering did not become a federal law enforcement priority until Jimmy Hoffa's assassination in 1975. The U. S. Department of Justice, …
Crime Control via Federal Dealer Regulation
Punishment or obligation
American Prisons
The Scientist and Military Research
Street Gangs behind Bars
This paper reports on a participant observation study carried out at Stateville Penitentiary, a maximum security prison, during the summer of 1972. The social organization of the prison has been a topic of frequent sociological attention. Efforts have been made to explain “inmate culture” and the often referred to “inmate code.” Contrary to the traditional structural-functional explanation for inmate organization which focuses upon situational va…
Participant Observation in Prison
Prison Guard
The Stateville Counsellors
The counselling role has been introduced in prisons throughout the country, but there has been little evaluation of the impact of counsellors on the prison community. A case history of the counselling program at Illinois's Stateville Penitentiary shows that the counsellors' role has been ambiguous from the beginning. The counsellors' aspirations to carry out "professional services" for the inmates have been blocked both by lack of professional tr…
The Prision
Stateville
Stateville
American Prisons
Prison Reform and State Elites
Stateville
penitentiary in Illinois has housed some of Chicago's most infamous criminals and was proclaimed to be world's toughest by Joseph Ragen, Stateville's powerful warden from 1936 to 1961. It shares with Attica, San Quentin, and Jackson the notoriety of being one of the maximum security prisons that has shaped the public's conception of imprisonment. In Stateville James B. Jacobs, a sociologist and legal scholar, presents the first historical examina…
Integrating the Keepers
This article attempts to verify empirically the popularly held assumption that replacing veteran white rural prison guards with young black urban guards will significantly ameliorate tension, strain and conflict in the prison community. At issue sociologically is whether the attitudes of prison guards can be better accounted for by the exigencies of the role or by such a crucial background variable as race. The authors administered a questionnair…
Legal Change Within the United States Armed Forces Since World War II
Race Relations and the Prisoner Subculture
The extensive scholarly literature on prisoner subculture has, until quite recently, virtually ignored race relations. The oversight is significant; prisons have a long history of segregation and racial discrimination. Descriptions and theories of prisoner subculture which do not take racial cleavages into account are incomplete and need to be reconsidered. Since the late 1950s race relations have precipitated enormous changes in prisoner subcult…
Justifying the Criminal Justice System
The Blue-Coated Worker
Stateville
The Prisoners' Rights Movement and Its Impacts, 1960-80
Even as some prison officials and academics brand judicial intervention in matters of prison policy and administration as misguided and counterproductive, some prisoner advocates despair of the capacity of law reform to produce meaningful prison reform. The prisoners' rights movement should be seen as a sociopolitical movement like the civil rights movement or the women's movement. From this perspective, individual case holdings that have dominat…
Stateville
Aliens in the U.S. Armed Forces
Challenging the Taylor Law
In analyzing the 1979 strike by nearly all of the prison guards in New York State, this paper focuses on the social organization of the prison environment and the guards' changing occupational role as critical causes of the strike. Many guards believe that in recent years they have lost status and much of their authority; in addition, racial tension has mounted within the guard force as well as between guards and inmates. The authors argue that c…
Punishment or obligation
The Role of Military Forces in Public Sector Labor Relations
This article examines the use of military forces as replacements in public sector strikes, a practice employed in over forty cases since President Nixon established the modern-day precedent by deploying troops in the 1970 postal strike. The author shows that, despite the dubious legality of Nixon's action, legal constraints on the President and particularly on the governors in this context are very weak. He argues that political and philosophical…
Selective Service Without a Draft
More than one million young men have failed to register for the draft, thereby committing a felony which carries a maximum five-year prison sentence and $10,000 fine. Unless a vigorous enforcement program is implemented soon, draft registration may evolve into a de facto voluntary program. Yet vigorous enforcement implies significant social, economic, and political costs. Would the costs be worth shouldering or is it more sensible to abandon draf…
Prison Overcrowding and the Law
This article traces and analyzes the history of prison- and jail-crowding litigation in the federal courts since the 1960s. While prisoners and pretrial detainees have won many victories, the doctrinal basis for a constitutional right to uncrowded incarceration facilities remains unclear and is still evolving. Despite several recent Supreme Court decisions unfavorable to inmates, there has been no rejection of the principles (1) that the totality…
Political science (48 obras) · Sociology (43 obras) · Law (36 obras) · Criminology (35 obras) · Computer Science (22 obras) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (20 obras) · Politics (19 obras) · Law (18 obras) · Psychology (18 obras) · Prison (15 obras)