Kazumichi Katayama
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 117647 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kazumichi Katayama |
| NOMBRES | Kazumichi |
| APELLIDO | Katayama |
| FIRMA | KATAYAMA K |
| AFILIACIONES | Kyoto University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 93 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2016 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Isotopic evidence of breastfeeding and weaning practices in a hunter–gatherer population during the Late/Final Jomon period in eastern Japan
Stable Isotope Analysis on Human Skeletal Remains from the Edo-period Fushimi Castle Site in Japan
江戸時代は,急激な人口増加とその後の人口安定,また陸・海路による交易網の発達によって特徴づけられ,コメや野菜や魚介類を主要な食物としていたと言われる。そのような江戸時代の人々の食性を,遺跡から出土した人骨を用いて実証しようとするのが本研究である。伏見城跡遺跡(京都市)より出土した江戸時代人骨および動物骨からコラーゲンを抽出して,炭素および窒素の安定同位体比を測定した。合計で27個体(男性9個体,女性12個体,子ども6個体)の人骨を分析に用いた。それにより,伏見江戸時代人の食性,その性差を検討することを目的とした。江戸時代の伏見の人々は,タンパク質源を淡水魚類に強く依存した食生活,もしくは陸上生態系から得られるC3植物と海産あるいは淡水魚類などを主たるタンパク質源とする食生活を送っていた可能性を示した。江戸時代の都市では,食生活が米,野菜,魚介類からなり,アワやヒエ,キビなどC4植物の消費が少ないとする古記録を考慮に入れると,後者の食生活像が支持される。また,男性の炭素同位体比は女性よりも…
A strontium isotope analysis on the relationship between ritual tooth ablation and migration among the Jomon people in Japan
Variability in stable isotope ratios in two Late-Final Jomon communities in the Tokai coastal region and its relationship with sex and ritual tooth ablation
We analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a sample of human and nonhuman mammal bones excavated from the Yoshigo and Inariyama shell mounds of the Late–Final Jomon periods in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, with a view to determining individual dietary differences. To investigate possible reasons for the dietary variations identified, we related isotope ratios to sex and tooth ablation patterns. At both sites, large intra-site variations …
Preliminary Test of the Out-of-Taiwan Hypothesis for the Dispersals of Austronesian Language Groups, Based on A Craniometric Analysis of the Kenting-Liao Female Skeleton
ポリネシア人の祖先となったと考えられるラピタ人など,オーストロネシア系オセアニア諸語グループが,そもそもは台湾あたりに出自したとする出台湾(Out of Taiwan)仮説,あるいは‘Express Train to Polynesia’(ETP)仮説は,言語学や考古学の分野で有力視されている。その仮説を人類学的方法で検証するための試論を展開した。台湾先史時代の墾丁寮人骨と,ラピタ人骨など,太平洋の先史時代人骨との間で頭骨形態を予備的に比較することにより,前者がラピタ人などの変異内に収まることを示した。今後,詳細な研究が期待できる
Age-related Patterns of Upper Arm Muscle and Fat Area in Turkish Children and Assessment of Nutritional Status
Anthropometric estimation of midarm muscularity and fatness was employed as a general index of nutritional status in developing countries. The present study attempts to evaluate the sex- and age-related pattern of regional muscle and fat area characteristics in Turkish children. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1,068 10- to 14-year-old children (583 boys and 485 girls) from junior high schools in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. Acco…
The Lapita Occupation at Naitabale, Moturiki Island, Central Fiji
In 2003 the authors discovered and excavated a Lapita site at Naitabale close to the southern end of Moturiki Island (central Fiji). Today the site is 350 m inland from the coast, but in Lapita times it was located behind the active beach ridge. A large collection of potsherds (including 92 dentate-stamped or incised Lapita sherds), shell, and animal bones was recovered, together with a human burial. Sherd decorations show affinities with the Wes…
Big feet in Polynesia
Somatometric research was conducted in Tonga, Polynesia, with a focus on foot and hand size and proportions. Data were taken on 140 adults (90 females and 50 males) and compared with those of other population groups. In addition to their heavy body-build, Tongans were found to have significantly longer and wider feet and hands than the Japanese, French, Australian Aborigines, or Bamanann-Fulbe West Africans. The significance of these physical cha…
Sex determination using the femur in an ancient Anatolian population
A possible case of spondyloarthropathy in a prehistoric Japanese skeleton
Palaeopathology helps to define the migration of past diseases. Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of spondyloarthropathy (SpA). We report skeletal remains with SpA from the Jomon period in Japan. The skeleton is of a female who died at a young adult age. The skeleton had characteristic features seen in SpA as follows: (1) polyarticular arthritis; (2) erosions accompanying some bone formation; (3) enthesial ossificat…
Erosive peripheral polyarthritis in ancient Japanese skeletons
The antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still in dispute, due to the difficulty of conclusively differentiating peripheral polyarthritis, especially from spondyloarthropathy, in archaeological populations. In view of the importance of genetic factors in developing spondyloarthropathy and of the far lower prevalence of the disease in modern Japanese, a rarity of peripheral polyarthritis would be anticipated in the ancient Japanese population…
Auditory Exostoses among Ancient Human Populations in the Circum-Pacific Area
Auditory exostoses were investigated macroscopically in a total of 1209 crania. This sample represents 24 ancient human populations covering the circum-Pacific area of Remote Oceania through Southeast and East Asia. Regional variations in its frequency were considered. It was found that there were several foci in the area, where the character frequently occurred in the past; specifically, New Zealand, Easter Island, the Marquesas, Tonga and Japan…
Erosive Arthritis of the Foot with Characteristic Features of Tophaceous Gout in the Jomon Skeletal Population
We describe the oldest evidence of gout from skeletal remains found in Asia. A middle-aged male skeleton excavated from the shell mound at Ohta in Onomichi-city, Hiroshima prefecture, Western Japan (the middle Jomon period: 4500-3500 BP), showed erosive arthritis in the forefoot. The characteristic feature of the erosions observed in the present skeleton is a periosteal bone apposition at the outer aspect of the involved cortex and a “punched-out…
Polynesians the Hypermorphic Asiatics. A Scenario on Prehistoric Mongoloid Dispersals into Oceania
Physical characteristics of Polynesians have been closely scrutinised in the light of osteology, somatology, human genetics and growth study. It has been proved that the Polynesian physique is very unique in relation to common standards for Homo sapiens, and that their distinctiveness is phenotypically a form of hypermorphism. This Polynesian hypermorphic phenotype may have developed as the result of some evolutionary change like an ecological r-…
Multicultural Japan
This book challenges the conventional view of Japanese society as monocultural and homogenous. Unique for its historical breadth and interdisciplinary orientation, Multicultural Japan ranges from prehistory to the present, arguing that cultural diversity has always existed in Japan. A timely and provocative discussion of identity politics regarding the question of 'Japaneseness', the book traces the origins of the Japanese, examining Japan's indi…
A comparison of the incidences of non-metric cranial variants in several polynesian populations
In an attempt to evaluate biological affinities among South Pacific island people, SMITH'S Mean Measure of Divergence (MMD) statistic was applied to 24 non-metric cranial variants recorded on the samples of six Polynesian populations, namely, Mangaians in the southern Cook Islands, the outlier Polynesians of Taumako, Tongans on Tongatapu, and the North Island Maori, South Island Maori and Chatham Islands Moriori of the New Zealand group. In addit…
Cook islands populations today, in relation to European mixtures and inter-island crossbreedings
As a preliminary study for analysing human biology data, recently collected from Cook Islanders, the reliability of the data in representing the indigenous population of the pre-European period has been assessed in three islands of the Cook group, Rarotonga, Mangaia, and Pukapuka, in terms of the population changes since European contacts and the ongoing process of mixture with foreign strains and of inter-island crossbreeding among the residents…
Inter-island variation in tooth size of the Cook islanders, and their biological affinities with other Oceanic people
The dentition of the Cook islanders was metrically examined in terms of inter-island variation and biological population affinity. The mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters of the permanent dentition were recorded here on 146 plaster casts of male minors in the Cook Islands. According to the ethnic origin or native island of each subject, the samples have been divided into six population series. The results revealed that Pukapukans were gr…
Genetic Structure of Human Populations on Tobishima Island
Blood samples of a total of 389 inhabitants from Tobishima Island in Yamagata Prefecture, locating in the north-western part of Japan, were examined for 23 blood polymorphic systems, for the purpose of evaluating the degree and pattern of genetic differentiation among the three constituent villages (KA, NA and HO) and to identifying the factors mainly responsible for the differentiation. A remarkable degree of genetic variability was found to exi…
Genetic Studies in Tobishima
The finger and palm prints of 328 males and 369 females from Tobishima Island in Yamagata Prefecture were examined for 16 qualitative and 7 quantitative characters, attempting to reveal a regional dermatoglyphic differentation in relation to the population structure reported previously. A high degree of dermatoglyphic differentiation was found among three villages on Tobishima, especially in finger patterns, both hypothenar and thenar/I configura…
Genetic Studies in Tobishima
We presented some data on the demographic and mating structure of Tobishima Island, in Yamagata Prefecture, evaluated some genetic parameters as a basis for the analysis of regional variation in physical traits, and compared the results with those from other island communities in Japan.Tobishima was found to have a hierarchic population structure in which strong genetic isolation existed not only among the villages on the island but also between …
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture III. Blood component polymorphisms in Toshi-Jima Island
A total of fourteen hundred individuals of two local populations living in Toshi-jima Island, Mie Prefecture, have been investigated for genetic variations in blood groups, two serum proteins and twelve red cell enzyme systems, namely, ABO; Hp, Tf; AcP, PGM, GPT, PGD, EsD, ADA, PHI, GOT, LDH, PGK, AK and PepA.The results showed a remarkable difference between two populations. Also comparisons were made with the results obtained for the neighbouri…
A Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
Using the measures of genetic, migrational, and geographic distances, the population structure was analyzed of populations in Kamishima, Toshi, Momotori and Toba, Mie Prefecture, to clarify the population genetic relationships among these populations. In order to measure the migrational distance relationships between the populations, a new statistic based on surname distributions was adopted. The genetic distance relationships were estimated by t…
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
The population structure in Kamishima was investigated. Data concerning the demographic structure and marriage pattern of the islanders are presented and discussed from a viewpoint of population genetics.The results so far obtained are as follows;1. The Kamishima population has been nearly isolated geographically from the neiboring populations for a long time.2. While the population size was estimated to be 500 to 600 during some hundreds years p…
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
A total of about six hundred individuals living in Kamishima Island, Mie Prefecture have been tested for genetic variation in two blood groups, four serum protein and twelve red cell enzyme systems, namely, ABO, Rh-Hr;Hp, Tf, IgG (Gm and Km); AcP, PGM, GPT, PGD, EsD, ADA, PHI, GOT, LDH, PGK, AK and PepA. **An appreciable polymorphism in each trait, except for LDH, PGK, AK and PepA systems, was observed.The genetic characteristics of this populati…
Variability in stable isotope ratios in two Late-Final Jomon communities in the Tokai coastal region and its relationship with sex and ritual tooth ablation
We analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a sample of human and nonhuman mammal bones excavated from the Yoshigo and Inariyama shell mounds of the Late–Final Jomon periods in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, with a view to determining individual dietary differences. To investigate possible reasons for the dietary variations identified, we related isotope ratios to sex and tooth ablation patterns. At both sites, large intra-site variations …
The Lapita Occupation at Naitabale, Moturiki Island, Central Fiji
In 2003 the authors discovered and excavated a Lapita site at Naitabale close to the southern end of Moturiki Island (central Fiji). Today the site is 350 m inland from the coast, but in Lapita times it was located behind the active beach ridge. A large collection of potsherds (including 92 dentate-stamped or incised Lapita sherds), shell, and animal bones was recovered, together with a human burial. Sherd decorations show affinities with the Wes…
A strontium isotope analysis on the relationship between ritual tooth ablation and migration among the Jomon people in Japan
Isotopic evidence of breastfeeding and weaning practices in a hunter–gatherer population during the Late/Final Jomon period in eastern Japan
Stable Isotope Analysis on Human Skeletal Remains from the Edo-period Fushimi Castle Site in Japan
江戸時代は,急激な人口増加とその後の人口安定,また陸・海路による交易網の発達によって特徴づけられ,コメや野菜や魚介類を主要な食物としていたと言われる。そのような江戸時代の人々の食性を,遺跡から出土した人骨を用いて実証しようとするのが本研究である。伏見城跡遺跡(京都市)より出土した江戸時代人骨および動物骨からコラーゲンを抽出して,炭素および窒素の安定同位体比を測定した。合計で27個体(男性9個体,女性12個体,子ども6個体)の人骨を分析に用いた。それにより,伏見江戸時代人の食性,その性差を検討することを目的とした。江戸時代の伏見の人々は,タンパク質源を淡水魚類に強く依存した食生活,もしくは陸上生態系から得られるC3植物と海産あるいは淡水魚類などを主たるタンパク質源とする食生活を送っていた可能性を示した。江戸時代の都市では,食生活が米,野菜,魚介類からなり,アワやヒエ,キビなどC4植物の消費が少ないとする古記録を考慮に入れると,後者の食生活像が支持される。また,男性の炭素同位体比は女性よりも…
Age-related Patterns of Upper Arm Muscle and Fat Area in Turkish Children and Assessment of Nutritional Status
Anthropometric estimation of midarm muscularity and fatness was employed as a general index of nutritional status in developing countries. The present study attempts to evaluate the sex- and age-related pattern of regional muscle and fat area characteristics in Turkish children. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1,068 10- to 14-year-old children (583 boys and 485 girls) from junior high schools in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. Acco…
Auditory Exostoses among Ancient Human Populations in the Circum-Pacific Area
Auditory exostoses were investigated macroscopically in a total of 1209 crania. This sample represents 24 ancient human populations covering the circum-Pacific area of Remote Oceania through Southeast and East Asia. Regional variations in its frequency were considered. It was found that there were several foci in the area, where the character frequently occurred in the past; specifically, New Zealand, Easter Island, the Marquesas, Tonga and Japan…
Erosive Arthritis of the Foot with Characteristic Features of Tophaceous Gout in the Jomon Skeletal Population
We describe the oldest evidence of gout from skeletal remains found in Asia. A middle-aged male skeleton excavated from the shell mound at Ohta in Onomichi-city, Hiroshima prefecture, Western Japan (the middle Jomon period: 4500-3500 BP), showed erosive arthritis in the forefoot. The characteristic feature of the erosions observed in the present skeleton is a periosteal bone apposition at the outer aspect of the involved cortex and a “punched-out…
Reproductive Structure of Hatomajima Population in Yaeyama Islands and its Population Genetic Analysis
In order to study the processes developing the variation of physical traits among small human populations based on population genetics, the present investigation was carried out in the Hatomajima population of Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa.This report is particularly concerned with demographic structure and marriage pattern, or reproductive structure, in Hatomajima hamlet and discussion was made on historical and environmental effects extending over m…
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
A total of about six hundred individuals living in Kamishima Island, Mie Prefecture have been tested for genetic variation in two blood groups, four serum protein and twelve red cell enzyme systems, namely, ABO, Rh-Hr;Hp, Tf, IgG (Gm and Km); AcP, PGM, GPT, PGD, EsD, ADA, PHI, GOT, LDH, PGK, AK and PepA. **An appreciable polymorphism in each trait, except for LDH, PGK, AK and PepA systems, was observed.The genetic characteristics of this populati…
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
The population structure in Kamishima was investigated. Data concerning the demographic structure and marriage pattern of the islanders are presented and discussed from a viewpoint of population genetics.The results so far obtained are as follows;1. The Kamishima population has been nearly isolated geographically from the neiboring populations for a long time.2. While the population size was estimated to be 500 to 600 during some hundreds years p…
Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture III. Blood component polymorphisms in Toshi-Jima Island
A total of fourteen hundred individuals of two local populations living in Toshi-jima Island, Mie Prefecture, have been investigated for genetic variations in blood groups, two serum proteins and twelve red cell enzyme systems, namely, ABO; Hp, Tf; AcP, PGM, GPT, PGD, EsD, ADA, PHI, GOT, LDH, PGK, AK and PepA.The results showed a remarkable difference between two populations. Also comparisons were made with the results obtained for the neighbouri…
A Genetic Study on the Local Populations in Mie Prefecture
Using the measures of genetic, migrational, and geographic distances, the population structure was analyzed of populations in Kamishima, Toshi, Momotori and Toba, Mie Prefecture, to clarify the population genetic relationships among these populations. In order to measure the migrational distance relationships between the populations, a new statistic based on surname distributions was adopted. The genetic distance relationships were estimated by t…
Genetic Studies in Tobishima
We presented some data on the demographic and mating structure of Tobishima Island, in Yamagata Prefecture, evaluated some genetic parameters as a basis for the analysis of regional variation in physical traits, and compared the results with those from other island communities in Japan.Tobishima was found to have a hierarchic population structure in which strong genetic isolation existed not only among the villages on the island but also between …
Genetic Studies in Tobishima
The finger and palm prints of 328 males and 369 females from Tobishima Island in Yamagata Prefecture were examined for 16 qualitative and 7 quantitative characters, attempting to reveal a regional dermatoglyphic differentation in relation to the population structure reported previously. A high degree of dermatoglyphic differentiation was found among three villages on Tobishima, especially in finger patterns, both hypothenar and thenar/I configura…
Genetic Structure of Human Populations on Tobishima Island
Blood samples of a total of 389 inhabitants from Tobishima Island in Yamagata Prefecture, locating in the north-western part of Japan, were examined for 23 blood polymorphic systems, for the purpose of evaluating the degree and pattern of genetic differentiation among the three constituent villages (KA, NA and HO) and to identifying the factors mainly responsible for the differentiation. A remarkable degree of genetic variability was found to exi…
A comparison of the incidences of non-metric cranial variants in several polynesian populations
In an attempt to evaluate biological affinities among South Pacific island people, SMITH'S Mean Measure of Divergence (MMD) statistic was applied to 24 non-metric cranial variants recorded on the samples of six Polynesian populations, namely, Mangaians in the southern Cook Islands, the outlier Polynesians of Taumako, Tongans on Tongatapu, and the North Island Maori, South Island Maori and Chatham Islands Moriori of the New Zealand group. In addit…
Cook islands populations today, in relation to European mixtures and inter-island crossbreedings
As a preliminary study for analysing human biology data, recently collected from Cook Islanders, the reliability of the data in representing the indigenous population of the pre-European period has been assessed in three islands of the Cook group, Rarotonga, Mangaia, and Pukapuka, in terms of the population changes since European contacts and the ongoing process of mixture with foreign strains and of inter-island crossbreeding among the residents…
Inter-island variation in tooth size of the Cook islanders, and their biological affinities with other Oceanic people
The dentition of the Cook islanders was metrically examined in terms of inter-island variation and biological population affinity. The mesiodistal and buccolingual crown diameters of the permanent dentition were recorded here on 146 plaster casts of male minors in the Cook Islands. According to the ethnic origin or native island of each subject, the samples have been divided into six population series. The results revealed that Pukapukans were gr…
Polynesians the Hypermorphic Asiatics. A Scenario on Prehistoric Mongoloid Dispersals into Oceania
Physical characteristics of Polynesians have been closely scrutinised in the light of osteology, somatology, human genetics and growth study. It has been proved that the Polynesian physique is very unique in relation to common standards for Homo sapiens, and that their distinctiveness is phenotypically a form of hypermorphism. This Polynesian hypermorphic phenotype may have developed as the result of some evolutionary change like an ecological r-…
Multicultural Japan
This book challenges the conventional view of Japanese society as monocultural and homogenous. Unique for its historical breadth and interdisciplinary orientation, Multicultural Japan ranges from prehistory to the present, arguing that cultural diversity has always existed in Japan. A timely and provocative discussion of identity politics regarding the question of 'Japaneseness', the book traces the origins of the Japanese, examining Japan's indi…
Auditory Exostoses among Ancient Human Populations in the Circum-Pacific Area
Auditory exostoses were investigated macroscopically in a total of 1209 crania. This sample represents 24 ancient human populations covering the circum-Pacific area of Remote Oceania through Southeast and East Asia. Regional variations in its frequency were considered. It was found that there were several foci in the area, where the character frequently occurred in the past; specifically, New Zealand, Easter Island, the Marquesas, Tonga and Japan…
Erosive Arthritis of the Foot with Characteristic Features of Tophaceous Gout in the Jomon Skeletal Population
We describe the oldest evidence of gout from skeletal remains found in Asia. A middle-aged male skeleton excavated from the shell mound at Ohta in Onomichi-city, Hiroshima prefecture, Western Japan (the middle Jomon period: 4500-3500 BP), showed erosive arthritis in the forefoot. The characteristic feature of the erosions observed in the present skeleton is a periosteal bone apposition at the outer aspect of the involved cortex and a “punched-out…
Erosive peripheral polyarthritis in ancient Japanese skeletons
The antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still in dispute, due to the difficulty of conclusively differentiating peripheral polyarthritis, especially from spondyloarthropathy, in archaeological populations. In view of the importance of genetic factors in developing spondyloarthropathy and of the far lower prevalence of the disease in modern Japanese, a rarity of peripheral polyarthritis would be anticipated in the ancient Japanese population…
A possible case of spondyloarthropathy in a prehistoric Japanese skeleton
Palaeopathology helps to define the migration of past diseases. Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of spondyloarthropathy (SpA). We report skeletal remains with SpA from the Jomon period in Japan. The skeleton is of a female who died at a young adult age. The skeleton had characteristic features seen in SpA as follows: (1) polyarticular arthritis; (2) erosions accompanying some bone formation; (3) enthesial ossificat…
Big feet in Polynesia
Somatometric research was conducted in Tonga, Polynesia, with a focus on foot and hand size and proportions. Data were taken on 140 adults (90 females and 50 males) and compared with those of other population groups. In addition to their heavy body-build, Tongans were found to have significantly longer and wider feet and hands than the Japanese, French, Australian Aborigines, or Bamanann-Fulbe West Africans. The significance of these physical cha…
Sex determination using the femur in an ancient Anatolian population
Age-related Patterns of Upper Arm Muscle and Fat Area in Turkish Children and Assessment of Nutritional Status
Anthropometric estimation of midarm muscularity and fatness was employed as a general index of nutritional status in developing countries. The present study attempts to evaluate the sex- and age-related pattern of regional muscle and fat area characteristics in Turkish children. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 1,068 10- to 14-year-old children (583 boys and 485 girls) from junior high schools in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. Acco…
The Lapita Occupation at Naitabale, Moturiki Island, Central Fiji
In 2003 the authors discovered and excavated a Lapita site at Naitabale close to the southern end of Moturiki Island (central Fiji). Today the site is 350 m inland from the coast, but in Lapita times it was located behind the active beach ridge. A large collection of potsherds (including 92 dentate-stamped or incised Lapita sherds), shell, and animal bones was recovered, together with a human burial. Sherd decorations show affinities with the Wes…
Variability in stable isotope ratios in two Late-Final Jomon communities in the Tokai coastal region and its relationship with sex and ritual tooth ablation
We analyzed stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in a sample of human and nonhuman mammal bones excavated from the Yoshigo and Inariyama shell mounds of the Late–Final Jomon periods in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, with a view to determining individual dietary differences. To investigate possible reasons for the dietary variations identified, we related isotope ratios to sex and tooth ablation patterns. At both sites, large intra-site variations …
Preliminary Test of the Out-of-Taiwan Hypothesis for the Dispersals of Austronesian Language Groups, Based on A Craniometric Analysis of the Kenting-Liao Female Skeleton
ポリネシア人の祖先となったと考えられるラピタ人など,オーストロネシア系オセアニア諸語グループが,そもそもは台湾あたりに出自したとする出台湾(Out of Taiwan)仮説,あるいは‘Express Train to Polynesia’(ETP)仮説は,言語学や考古学の分野で有力視されている。その仮説を人類学的方法で検証するための試論を展開した。台湾先史時代の墾丁寮人骨と,ラピタ人骨など,太平洋の先史時代人骨との間で頭骨形態を予備的に比較することにより,前者がラピタ人などの変異内に収まることを示した。今後,詳細な研究が期待できる
A strontium isotope analysis on the relationship between ritual tooth ablation and migration among the Jomon people in Japan
Stable Isotope Analysis on Human Skeletal Remains from the Edo-period Fushimi Castle Site in Japan
江戸時代は,急激な人口増加とその後の人口安定,また陸・海路による交易網の発達によって特徴づけられ,コメや野菜や魚介類を主要な食物としていたと言われる。そのような江戸時代の人々の食性を,遺跡から出土した人骨を用いて実証しようとするのが本研究である。伏見城跡遺跡(京都市)より出土した江戸時代人骨および動物骨からコラーゲンを抽出して,炭素および窒素の安定同位体比を測定した。合計で27個体(男性9個体,女性12個体,子ども6個体)の人骨を分析に用いた。それにより,伏見江戸時代人の食性,その性差を検討することを目的とした。江戸時代の伏見の人々は,タンパク質源を淡水魚類に強く依存した食生活,もしくは陸上生態系から得られるC3植物と海産あるいは淡水魚類などを主たるタンパク質源とする食生活を送っていた可能性を示した。江戸時代の都市では,食生活が米,野菜,魚介類からなり,アワやヒエ,キビなどC4植物の消費が少ないとする古記録を考慮に入れると,後者の食生活像が支持される。また,男性の炭素同位体比は女性よりも…
Biology (18 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Population (18 obras) · Geography (17 obras) · Archaeology (9 obras) · Medicine (9 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (8 obras) · History (8 obras) · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (7 obras) · Evolutionary biology (6 obras)