Carolyn L Hafer
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 120730 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Carolyn L Hafer |
| NOMBRES | Carolyn L |
| APELLIDO | Hafer |
| FIRMA | HAFER C L |
| AFILIACIONES | Brock University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0684-4434 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 264 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1989 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
A Latent Factor Approach to Belief in a Just World and its Association with Well-Being
Evidence of a Processing Advantage for Deservingness-Relevant Information
We investigated processing speed for deservingness-relevant versus deservingness-irrelevant information. Female students read stories involving deserved, undeserved, or neutral outcomes. We recorded participants’ reaction time (RT) in processing the outcomes. We also measured individual differences in “belief in a just world” as a proxy for deservingness schematicity. RTs for deserved and undeserved outcomes were faster than for neutral outcomes,…
Belief in a Just World
The Role of Perceived Deservingness in the Toleration of Human Rights Violations
Development and validation of the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale
Although asexuality (i.e., lack of sexual attraction) is receiving increasing public and academic attention, anti-asexual bias has been the focus of little empirical study. Here, we develop a measure of anti-asexual bias, the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale, consisting of a 16-item factor with strong reliability (α = .94). The ATA demonstrated convergent validity in terms of correlations with individual differences (e.g., positive relation…
The role of intergroup disgust in predicting negative outgroup evaluations
The Psychology of Deservingness and Acceptance of Human Rights
Predicting alternative strategies for preserving a belief in a just world
Researchers suggest that observers of innocent suffering will negatively evaluate the victim as a strategy for maintaining their belief in a just world. We propose an alternative class of strategies and test whether individual differences in repressive coping style predict the type of strategy people will use. In the first two studies, we exposed repressors versus nonrepressors to victims whose suffering should pose a high versus low threat to th…
Distinguishing Two Meanings of Moral Exclusion
Experimental Research on Just-World Theory
M. J. Lerner (1980) proposed that people need to believe in a just world; thus, evidence that the world is not just is threatening, and people have a number of strategies for reducing such threats. Early research on this idea, and on just-world theory more broadly, was reviewed in early publications (e.g., M. J. Lerner, 1980; M. J. Lerner & D. T. Miller, 1978). In the present article, focus is directed on the post-1980 experimental research on th…
Belief in a Just World and Commitment to Long-Term Deserved Outcomes
Investment in Long-Term Goals and Commitment to Just Means Drive the Need to Believe in a Just World
The author hypothesized that the less one focuses on long-term goals, or the less one plans to achieve goals through just means, the less essential is the belief in a just world (BJW) and the less one will work at maintaining this belief when it is threatened. In Studies 1 and 2, participants’ focus on long-term investments was either manipulated or measured, and their reactions to a victim who presented a high or low threat to the BJW were asses…
Do innocent victims threaten the belief in a just world? Evidence from a modified Stroop task
You're OK, I'm OK
Intellectual ability and reactions to pornography
Two studies examined the relation between intelligence and men's sexual attitudes and interpersonal behavior with a woman after viewing pornography. Undergraduate men were assessed for IQ, viewed one of several films, then were assessed on various dependent measures, including interpersonal behavior with a female confederate. Lower IQ men were more sexually suggestive to the woman after viewing a sexually violent film than after viewing an nonvio…
Mediators of the Relation Between Beliefs in a Just World and Emotional Responses to Negative Outcomes
A content analysis of playboy centrefolds from 1953 through 1990
In this study, the magazine Playboy was subjected to a content analysis. Centrefold models in 430 issues from 1953 through 1990 were coded for explicitness, objectification (e.g., face not visible), and age. Curvilinear trends were observed for both explicitness and objectification, such that explicitness was found to increase over time until leveling off in the early 1980s, and objectification was found to decrease from the 1950s to the late 196…
The Dimensionality of Type A Behavior within a Stressful Work Simulation
The present study was conducted to examine the dimensionality of overt Type A behaviors elicited in a simulated stressful work environment. University students played a managerial role while being subjected to time and work‐load pressures, and completed the Survey of Work Styles (SWS; Jackson & Gray, 1989). Eighteen behaviors, coded by two raters based on audiovisual recordings, yielded relatively high interrater reliabilities. Principal componen…
Beliefs in a Just World and Reactions to Personal Deprivation
We hypothesized that strong believers in a just world would be motivated to perceive personal deprivation as fair and to report little resentment, compared to weak believers in a just world In two experiments, subjects performed a computer task to earn points toward a goal that had desirable consequences In the first study, some subjects chose their computer task, whereas other subjects were randomly assigned to a task In the second study, some s…
Experimental Research on Just-World Theory
M. J. Lerner (1980) proposed that people need to believe in a just world; thus, evidence that the world is not just is threatening, and people have a number of strategies for reducing such threats. Early research on this idea, and on just-world theory more broadly, was reviewed in early publications (e.g., M. J. Lerner, 1980; M. J. Lerner & D. T. Miller, 1978). In the present article, focus is directed on the post-1980 experimental research on th…
Do innocent victims threaten the belief in a just world? Evidence from a modified Stroop task
The role of intergroup disgust in predicting negative outgroup evaluations
A content analysis of playboy centrefolds from 1953 through 1990
In this study, the magazine Playboy was subjected to a content analysis. Centrefold models in 430 issues from 1953 through 1990 were coded for explicitness, objectification (e.g., face not visible), and age. Curvilinear trends were observed for both explicitness and objectification, such that explicitness was found to increase over time until leveling off in the early 1980s, and objectification was found to decrease from the 1950s to the late 196…
A Latent Factor Approach to Belief in a Just World and its Association with Well-Being
Belief in a Just World and Commitment to Long-Term Deserved Outcomes
Predicting alternative strategies for preserving a belief in a just world
Researchers suggest that observers of innocent suffering will negatively evaluate the victim as a strategy for maintaining their belief in a just world. We propose an alternative class of strategies and test whether individual differences in repressive coping style predict the type of strategy people will use. In the first two studies, we exposed repressors versus nonrepressors to victims whose suffering should pose a high versus low threat to th…
Development and validation of the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale
Although asexuality (i.e., lack of sexual attraction) is receiving increasing public and academic attention, anti-asexual bias has been the focus of little empirical study. Here, we develop a measure of anti-asexual bias, the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale, consisting of a 16-item factor with strong reliability (α = .94). The ATA demonstrated convergent validity in terms of correlations with individual differences (e.g., positive relation…
Intellectual ability and reactions to pornography
Two studies examined the relation between intelligence and men's sexual attitudes and interpersonal behavior with a woman after viewing pornography. Undergraduate men were assessed for IQ, viewed one of several films, then were assessed on various dependent measures, including interpersonal behavior with a female confederate. Lower IQ men were more sexually suggestive to the woman after viewing a sexually violent film than after viewing an nonvio…
Mediators of the Relation Between Beliefs in a Just World and Emotional Responses to Negative Outcomes
Distinguishing Two Meanings of Moral Exclusion
You're OK, I'm OK
Beliefs in a Just World and Reactions to Personal Deprivation
We hypothesized that strong believers in a just world would be motivated to perceive personal deprivation as fair and to report little resentment, compared to weak believers in a just world In two experiments, subjects performed a computer task to earn points toward a goal that had desirable consequences In the first study, some subjects chose their computer task, whereas other subjects were randomly assigned to a task In the second study, some s…
The Dimensionality of Type A Behavior within a Stressful Work Simulation
The present study was conducted to examine the dimensionality of overt Type A behaviors elicited in a simulated stressful work environment. University students played a managerial role while being subjected to time and work‐load pressures, and completed the Survey of Work Styles (SWS; Jackson & Gray, 1989). Eighteen behaviors, coded by two raters based on audiovisual recordings, yielded relatively high interrater reliabilities. Principal componen…
A content analysis of playboy centrefolds from 1953 through 1990
In this study, the magazine Playboy was subjected to a content analysis. Centrefold models in 430 issues from 1953 through 1990 were coded for explicitness, objectification (e.g., face not visible), and age. Curvilinear trends were observed for both explicitness and objectification, such that explicitness was found to increase over time until leveling off in the early 1980s, and objectification was found to decrease from the 1950s to the late 196…
Intellectual ability and reactions to pornography
Two studies examined the relation between intelligence and men's sexual attitudes and interpersonal behavior with a woman after viewing pornography. Undergraduate men were assessed for IQ, viewed one of several films, then were assessed on various dependent measures, including interpersonal behavior with a female confederate. Lower IQ men were more sexually suggestive to the woman after viewing a sexually violent film than after viewing an nonvio…
Mediators of the Relation Between Beliefs in a Just World and Emotional Responses to Negative Outcomes
Investment in Long-Term Goals and Commitment to Just Means Drive the Need to Believe in a Just World
The author hypothesized that the less one focuses on long-term goals, or the less one plans to achieve goals through just means, the less essential is the belief in a just world (BJW) and the less one will work at maintaining this belief when it is threatened. In Studies 1 and 2, participants’ focus on long-term investments was either manipulated or measured, and their reactions to a victim who presented a high or low threat to the BJW were asses…
Do innocent victims threaten the belief in a just world? Evidence from a modified Stroop task
You're OK, I'm OK
Experimental Research on Just-World Theory
M. J. Lerner (1980) proposed that people need to believe in a just world; thus, evidence that the world is not just is threatening, and people have a number of strategies for reducing such threats. Early research on this idea, and on just-world theory more broadly, was reviewed in early publications (e.g., M. J. Lerner, 1980; M. J. Lerner & D. T. Miller, 1978). In the present article, focus is directed on the post-1980 experimental research on th…
Belief in a Just World and Commitment to Long-Term Deserved Outcomes
The Psychology of Deservingness and Acceptance of Human Rights
Predicting alternative strategies for preserving a belief in a just world
Researchers suggest that observers of innocent suffering will negatively evaluate the victim as a strategy for maintaining their belief in a just world. We propose an alternative class of strategies and test whether individual differences in repressive coping style predict the type of strategy people will use. In the first two studies, we exposed repressors versus nonrepressors to victims whose suffering should pose a high versus low threat to th…
Distinguishing Two Meanings of Moral Exclusion
The role of intergroup disgust in predicting negative outgroup evaluations
Development and validation of the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale
Although asexuality (i.e., lack of sexual attraction) is receiving increasing public and academic attention, anti-asexual bias has been the focus of little empirical study. Here, we develop a measure of anti-asexual bias, the Attitudes Towards Asexuals (ATA) scale, consisting of a 16-item factor with strong reliability (α = .94). The ATA demonstrated convergent validity in terms of correlations with individual differences (e.g., positive relation…
Belief in a Just World
The Role of Perceived Deservingness in the Toleration of Human Rights Violations
Evidence of a Processing Advantage for Deservingness-Relevant Information
We investigated processing speed for deservingness-relevant versus deservingness-irrelevant information. Female students read stories involving deserved, undeserved, or neutral outcomes. We recorded participants’ reaction time (RT) in processing the outcomes. We also measured individual differences in “belief in a just world” as a proxy for deservingness schematicity. RTs for deserved and undeserved outcomes were faster than for neutral outcomes,…
A Latent Factor Approach to Belief in a Just World and its Association with Well-Being
Psychology (19 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (13 obras) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (10 obras) · Social Psychology (9 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Developmental psychology (6 obras) · Just-world hypothesis (6 obras) · Law (6 obras) · Cultural Differences and Values (5 obras)