David Westerman
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 122064 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David Westerman |
| NOMBRES | David |
| APELLIDO | Westerman |
| FIRMA | WESTERMAN D |
| AFILIACIONES | North Dakota State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9550-0304 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 242 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2008 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
From LOL to Learn
Previous studies on textisms (e.g., acronyms, extra punctuation, emphatic capitalization, and emojis) in student–instructor communication have highlighted their potential positive impact on building classroom relationships. However, much of this research relies on cross-sectional, quasi-experimental designs with hypothetical instructors, overlooking the dynamics of authentic interactions. By employing a social information processing framework, th…
The good, the bad, and the learning
The wrong face at the wrong time
What’s In a Name and/or A Frame? Ontological Framing and Naming of Social Actors and Social Responses
Artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally a communication field. Thus, the study of how AI interacts with us is likely to be heavily driven by communication. The current study examined two things that may impact people’s perceptions of socialness of a social actor: one nonverbal (ontological frame) and one verbal (providing a name) with a 2 (human vs. robot) x 2 (named or not) experiment. Participants saw one of four videos of a study “host” …
A little 😀 goes a long way
This paper examines how textisms, defined as cues that facilitate interaction in text-dominant communication (e.g., emojis), as a type of immediacy cue, may increase perceived immediacy in instructor–student mediated out-of-class communication (e.g., a welcome email). Using an experiment manipulating cue number and placement and instructor gender, we examined how emojis impacted participants’ (N = 443) impressions of instructors’ closeness, credi…
Why We Hate‐Watch
The Space Between
Cues delivered by agents are known to trigger mental shortcuts associated with ontological category or the kind of thing an agent is. Two such heuristics are key to considering organic and machine agents, and result in biased evaluations: the machine heuristic (MH) (if machine, then systematic/unbiased, therefore its products are good) and the nature heuristic (NH) (if natural, then pure/innate, therefore good). As machine agents such as robots a…
For a good class, email
I-It, I-Thou, I-Robot
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies become more common and capable interaction partners (human-machine communication; HMC), understanding how people perceive and interact with them becomes increasingly important to study. This essay argues that one important avenue for this study is the application of relevant interpersonal and computer-mediated communication (CMC) theories. The paper suggests that these theories are relevant because the…
I-It, I-Thou, I-Robot
Doing communication science
As part of this special issue on validity, this essay addresses practices for research in both measurement and methodology through the lens of the philosophy of science. The essay has three primary objectives. First, it seeks to outline seminal characteristics of science, identifying practices that scientists must adopt in research for their work to be more scienctific. Second, the essay notes best practices for conducting science in the field of…
Extending the self
This study investigated how player-avatar interaction (PAX) and player-avatar relationship (PAR) are associated with spatial presence, social presence, and self-presence in video games, and additionally how the associations differ between Chinese and American players. American and Chinese players were recruited to answer a survey king about these variables. The survey was translated from English to Chinese for the different samples. Regression mo…
On Replication in Communication Science
Replications are an important part of the research process because they allow for greater confidence in the findings of communication research. However, engaging in replications is often undervalued, replication studies can be difficult to publish, and thus it is difficult for individual scholars to devote their resources toward replication. This essay outlines the importance of replications for communication science and provides a framework for …
Initial expectations, interactions, and beyond with social robots
Exemplification effects
Exemplification theory asserts that message components that are iconic and emotionally arousing are easily accessed, and are therefore relied upon when making subsequent behavioral decisions. A reanalysis of data from three studies collected at different times, unrelated experimental stimuli (terrorism, food ingredients, and bed bugs), different media (visual and print), varying geographic locations, different experimental conditions (laboratory …
Initial Interaction Expectations with Robots
As social robotics becomes more utilized and routine in everyday situations, individuals will be interacting with social robots in a variety of contexts. Centered on the use of human-to-human interaction scripts, the current study hypothesized that individuals would be more uncertain, have less liking and anticipate less social presence when they are told that they will be interacting with a social robot as opposed to another person. Additionally…
Welcoming Our Robot Overlords
Because robots and other electronic agents perform increasingly social functions, people will soon face the possibility of more frequent human–robot interactions. But what kinds of expectations do people bring with them into these potential interactions? Based on the possibility of a human-to-human interaction script, the current research hypothesized that people will be more uncertain about, anticipate less social attraction to, and expect less …
Young adults’ use of communication technology within their romantic relationships and associations with attachment style
Social Media as Information Source
Social media are increasingly being used as an information source, including information related to risks and crises. The current study examines how pieces of information available in social media impact perceptions of source credibility. Specifically, participants in the study were asked to view 1 of 3 mock Twitter.com pages that varied the recency with which tweets were posted and then to report on their perceived source credibility of the page…
A social network as information
Scriptedness and Televised Sports
Extending Raney and Depalma’s research, this study examined effects of sport production on sport consumption. An experimental design crossed scripted (vs. unscripted) sport with violence (vs. nonviolence) to investigate the effects of both variables on violent outcomes and enjoyment. After viewing one of four clips, participants responded to three incomplete story stems, and responses were coded to measure hostile expectancy bias as a form of vio…
Rational actors
The proliferation of communication technologies creates many questions about these tools' relational uses and effects. Rational Actor Theory posits that individuals consider the benefits and costs of using a channel for communicating a particular message. This study applied Rational Actor Theory to individuals' ( N = 129) channel choices during conflict episodes in their romantic relationships. Results indicated that partners using both integrati…
How do people really seek information about others
The present research describes the manner in which individuals use various media in the interpersonal information seeking process. Stephens’ (2007) information and communication technology (ICT) succession theory was applied to an interpersonal information seeking context, and hypotheses and research questions about the channels people use to seek information about others of various relationship to the seeker were offered. Two hundred and twenty-…
The Role of Friends' Appearance and Behavior on Evaluations of Individuals on Facebook
This research explores how cues deposited by social partners onto one's online networking profile affect observers' impressions of the profile owner. An experiment tested the relationships between both (a) what one's associates say about a person on a social network site via "wall postings," where friends leave public messages, and (b) the physical attractiveness of one's associates reflected in the photos that accompany their wall postings on th…
The Role of Friends' Appearance and Behavior on Evaluations of Individuals on Facebook
This research explores how cues deposited by social partners onto one's online networking profile affect observers' impressions of the profile owner. An experiment tested the relationships between both (a) what one's associates say about a person on a social network site via "wall postings," where friends leave public messages, and (b) the physical attractiveness of one's associates reflected in the photos that accompany their wall postings on th…
Social Media as Information Source
Social media are increasingly being used as an information source, including information related to risks and crises. The current study examines how pieces of information available in social media impact perceptions of source credibility. Specifically, participants in the study were asked to view 1 of 3 mock Twitter.com pages that varied the recency with which tweets were posted and then to report on their perceived source credibility of the page…
Initial Interaction Expectations with Robots
As social robotics becomes more utilized and routine in everyday situations, individuals will be interacting with social robots in a variety of contexts. Centered on the use of human-to-human interaction scripts, the current study hypothesized that individuals would be more uncertain, have less liking and anticipate less social presence when they are told that they will be interacting with a social robot as opposed to another person. Additionally…
Initial expectations, interactions, and beyond with social robots
A social network as information
How do people really seek information about others
The present research describes the manner in which individuals use various media in the interpersonal information seeking process. Stephens’ (2007) information and communication technology (ICT) succession theory was applied to an interpersonal information seeking context, and hypotheses and research questions about the channels people use to seek information about others of various relationship to the seeker were offered. Two hundred and twenty-…
Rational actors
The proliferation of communication technologies creates many questions about these tools' relational uses and effects. Rational Actor Theory posits that individuals consider the benefits and costs of using a channel for communicating a particular message. This study applied Rational Actor Theory to individuals' ( N = 129) channel choices during conflict episodes in their romantic relationships. Results indicated that partners using both integrati…
Exemplification effects
Exemplification theory asserts that message components that are iconic and emotionally arousing are easily accessed, and are therefore relied upon when making subsequent behavioral decisions. A reanalysis of data from three studies collected at different times, unrelated experimental stimuli (terrorism, food ingredients, and bed bugs), different media (visual and print), varying geographic locations, different experimental conditions (laboratory …
How do people really seek information about others
The present research describes the manner in which individuals use various media in the interpersonal information seeking process. Stephens’ (2007) information and communication technology (ICT) succession theory was applied to an interpersonal information seeking context, and hypotheses and research questions about the channels people use to seek information about others of various relationship to the seeker were offered. Two hundred and twenty-…
The Role of Friends' Appearance and Behavior on Evaluations of Individuals on Facebook
This research explores how cues deposited by social partners onto one's online networking profile affect observers' impressions of the profile owner. An experiment tested the relationships between both (a) what one's associates say about a person on a social network site via "wall postings," where friends leave public messages, and (b) the physical attractiveness of one's associates reflected in the photos that accompany their wall postings on th…
Scriptedness and Televised Sports
Extending Raney and Depalma’s research, this study examined effects of sport production on sport consumption. An experimental design crossed scripted (vs. unscripted) sport with violence (vs. nonviolence) to investigate the effects of both variables on violent outcomes and enjoyment. After viewing one of four clips, participants responded to three incomplete story stems, and responses were coded to measure hostile expectancy bias as a form of vio…
Rational actors
The proliferation of communication technologies creates many questions about these tools' relational uses and effects. Rational Actor Theory posits that individuals consider the benefits and costs of using a channel for communicating a particular message. This study applied Rational Actor Theory to individuals' ( N = 129) channel choices during conflict episodes in their romantic relationships. Results indicated that partners using both integrati…
A social network as information
Young adults’ use of communication technology within their romantic relationships and associations with attachment style
Social Media as Information Source
Social media are increasingly being used as an information source, including information related to risks and crises. The current study examines how pieces of information available in social media impact perceptions of source credibility. Specifically, participants in the study were asked to view 1 of 3 mock Twitter.com pages that varied the recency with which tweets were posted and then to report on their perceived source credibility of the page…
Welcoming Our Robot Overlords
Because robots and other electronic agents perform increasingly social functions, people will soon face the possibility of more frequent human–robot interactions. But what kinds of expectations do people bring with them into these potential interactions? Based on the possibility of a human-to-human interaction script, the current research hypothesized that people will be more uncertain about, anticipate less social attraction to, and expect less …
Exemplification effects
Exemplification theory asserts that message components that are iconic and emotionally arousing are easily accessed, and are therefore relied upon when making subsequent behavioral decisions. A reanalysis of data from three studies collected at different times, unrelated experimental stimuli (terrorism, food ingredients, and bed bugs), different media (visual and print), varying geographic locations, different experimental conditions (laboratory …
Initial Interaction Expectations with Robots
As social robotics becomes more utilized and routine in everyday situations, individuals will be interacting with social robots in a variety of contexts. Centered on the use of human-to-human interaction scripts, the current study hypothesized that individuals would be more uncertain, have less liking and anticipate less social presence when they are told that they will be interacting with a social robot as opposed to another person. Additionally…
On Replication in Communication Science
Replications are an important part of the research process because they allow for greater confidence in the findings of communication research. However, engaging in replications is often undervalued, replication studies can be difficult to publish, and thus it is difficult for individual scholars to devote their resources toward replication. This essay outlines the importance of replications for communication science and provides a framework for …
Initial expectations, interactions, and beyond with social robots
Extending the self
This study investigated how player-avatar interaction (PAX) and player-avatar relationship (PAR) are associated with spatial presence, social presence, and self-presence in video games, and additionally how the associations differ between Chinese and American players. American and Chinese players were recruited to answer a survey king about these variables. The survey was translated from English to Chinese for the different samples. Regression mo…
For a good class, email
I-It, I-Thou, I-Robot
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies become more common and capable interaction partners (human-machine communication; HMC), understanding how people perceive and interact with them becomes increasingly important to study. This essay argues that one important avenue for this study is the application of relevant interpersonal and computer-mediated communication (CMC) theories. The paper suggests that these theories are relevant because the…
I-It, I-Thou, I-Robot
Doing communication science
As part of this special issue on validity, this essay addresses practices for research in both measurement and methodology through the lens of the philosophy of science. The essay has three primary objectives. First, it seeks to outline seminal characteristics of science, identifying practices that scientists must adopt in research for their work to be more scienctific. Second, the essay notes best practices for conducting science in the field of…
The Space Between
Cues delivered by agents are known to trigger mental shortcuts associated with ontological category or the kind of thing an agent is. Two such heuristics are key to considering organic and machine agents, and result in biased evaluations: the machine heuristic (MH) (if machine, then systematic/unbiased, therefore its products are good) and the nature heuristic (NH) (if natural, then pure/innate, therefore good). As machine agents such as robots a…
A little 😀 goes a long way
This paper examines how textisms, defined as cues that facilitate interaction in text-dominant communication (e.g., emojis), as a type of immediacy cue, may increase perceived immediacy in instructor–student mediated out-of-class communication (e.g., a welcome email). Using an experiment manipulating cue number and placement and instructor gender, we examined how emojis impacted participants’ (N = 443) impressions of instructors’ closeness, credi…
Why We Hate‐Watch
What’s In a Name and/or A Frame? Ontological Framing and Naming of Social Actors and Social Responses
Artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally a communication field. Thus, the study of how AI interacts with us is likely to be heavily driven by communication. The current study examined two things that may impact people’s perceptions of socialness of a social actor: one nonverbal (ontological frame) and one verbal (providing a name) with a 2 (human vs. robot) x 2 (named or not) experiment. Participants saw one of four videos of a study “host” …
From LOL to Learn
Previous studies on textisms (e.g., acronyms, extra punctuation, emphatic capitalization, and emojis) in student–instructor communication have highlighted their potential positive impact on building classroom relationships. However, much of this research relies on cross-sectional, quasi-experimental designs with hypothetical instructors, overlooking the dynamics of authentic interactions. By employing a social information processing framework, th…
The good, the bad, and the learning
The wrong face at the wrong time
Psychology (18 obras) · Computer Science (15 obras) · Social Psychology (12 obras) · Social Psychology (8 obras) · AI in Service Interactions (7 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (6 obras) · Human–computer interaction (6 obras) · Perception (6 obras) · Robot (6 obras) · Social Robot Interaction and HRI (6 obras)