Barry Molloy
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 123485 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Barry Molloy |
| NOMBRES | Barry |
| APELLIDO | Molloy |
| FIRMA | MOLLOY B |
| AFILIACIONES | University College Dublin |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2493-8859 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 159 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2008 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Encountering the Unburied Dead
The treatment of the dead body is a highly social phenomenon, rooted in cultural conventions. Choices in mortuary rites include inhumation, cremation, and excarnation, along with secondary manipulation before or after burial. In the Carpathian Basin between 1600 and 700 b.c., people employed diverse choices in peri- and post-mortem treatment of human remains. Beginning by defining local cremation conventions, including fragmentation of the body, …
New 14 C data from the tumuli necropolis of Dubac in Jančići near Čačak and their role in establishing the chronological sequence of the Late Bronze Age for western Serbia
This paper presents 17 new 14C dates from the tumulus cemetery of Dubac in Jančići, in western Serbia. Burials were accompanied by bronze personal ornaments and occasionally pottery vessels. 14C dates are considered together with the stratigraphy, mortuary practices and material culture from the graves in two tumuli in order to explore local mortuary conventions and to set these in their regional context. It is shown that after being founded in t…
Climate, peace, and conflict—past and present
Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of scholarship and examines how each may benefit the ot…
Trade, recycling and mixing in local metal management strategies of the later Bronze Age south Carpathian Basin
Lead Isotope Analysis (LIA) has been applied most often as a means of provenancing copper at the macro scale. Here we use LIA at the regional scale to expose the relationship between long-distance communication and local metal management strategies. We conducted lead isotope and chemical analysis on 82 objects and ingots from Late Bronze Age hoards of the south Carpathian Basin, a node in long distance networks. From a social perspective, results…
Integrating and Dividing in a Late Bronze Age Society
Recent research in the later Bronze Age of the southern Carpathian Basin has revealed an extensive network of large, often-enclosed settlements. Within this network, a particularly dense group of sites has recently been characterized: the Tisza Site Group (TSG). Building on advances in inter-site relations in recent research, we explore social organization within settlements using five case studies from different parts of this network. Using a mu…
Sentinel-2 imagery analyses for archaeological site detection
Satellite remote sensing has become a valuable tool in archaeology, allowing the monitoring of existing and discovery of new sites, and to study their surroundings. In an attempt to identify unknown Late Bronze Age (LBA) archaeological sites in the Serbian Banat region (southern Carpathian Basin), remote sensing techniques for site detection were applied using Sentinel-2 data. A multi-temporal analysis was performed, and the spectral signatures o…
Early Chariots and Religion in South-East Europe and the Aegean During the Bronze Age
The iconic Dupljaja chariot model from the Carpathian Basin informs us on cosmologies and technologies of Bronze Age societies in Europe between 1600 and 1200 BC. It communicates key elements of religious imagery and ritual practice alongside technical features of working chariots. Through a detailed reappraisal employing use-wear, compositional, and iconographic analyses as well as 3D modelling of the chariot model, the authors explore the socia…
Exploring connectivity in Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age Greece and the Balkans using cranial non-metric analysis
The present study aims to explore connectivity and networking in Late Bronze Age (LBA)/Early Iron Age (EIA) Greece and the Balkans using morphological biodistance analysis and test the potentiality of newly introduced statistical tests, which were designed for challenging datasets, in this particular cultural area. Cranial non-metric traits were recorded in ten skeletal collections, spanning from East Crete to Romania. We followed an experimental…
Forging a New World Order? Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Management of Metalworking and Ideological Change in the Late Bronze Age Carpathian Basin
The Carpathian Basin was a highly influential centre of metalworking in the 2nd mil. BC. Nevertheless, despite the abundance of metal objects from the Late Bronze Age, the scarcity of contextually associated metalworking remains representing distinct phases of the metalworking cycle from this region is striking. Here, we explore Late Bronze Age metalworking through the lens of a uniquely complete metalworking assemblage from the site of Șagu from…
Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition
The globalizing connections that defined the European Bronze Age in the second millennium BC either ended or abruptly changed in the decades around 1200 BC. The impact of climate change at 3.2 ka on such social changes has been debated for the eastern Mediterranean. This paper extends this enquiry of shifting human–climate relationships during the later Bronze Age into Europe for the first time. There, climate data indicate that significant shift…
Exploring the Efficacy of Comparative Bioarchaeological Approaches in Providing Answers on Marginality and Networking
This paper investigates the efficacy of comparative bioarchaeological approaches in exploring the impact of economic marginality on human lifeways. Skeletal remains from the Late Bronze Age cemetery of Achlada in Northern Greece were chosen to address this, as this specific community was probably less well networked, evident in its location away from major communication routes and the paucity of grave goods at the site. A biocultural methodology …
Establishing the Middle Sea
The Late Bronze Age (1700–900 BC) represents an extremely dynamic period for Mediterranean Europe. Here, we provide a comparative survey of the archaeological record of over half a millennium within the entire northern littoral of the Mediterranean, from Greece to Iberia, incorporating archaeological, archaeometric, and bioarchaeological evidence. The picture that emerges, while certainly fragmented and not displaying a unique trajectory, reveals…
The Balkan-Aegean migrations revisited
Alleged ?Aegean migrations? have long been seen as underlying major transformations in lifeways and identity in the Balkans in the 12th-11th centuries BC. Revisiting the material culture and settlement changes in the north-south ?routeway? of the Velika Morava-Juzna Morava-Vardar/Axios river valleys, this paper evaluates developments within local communities. It is argued that mobility played an important role in social change, including an eleme…
Faltering Complexity? The Context and Character of Settlement at Priniatikos Pyrgos in Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA East Crete
This study presents the preliminary results of new excavations of Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA horizons at Priniatikos Pyrgos in East Crete. It argues that there is cumulative growth at this central settlement throughout the Early Minoan and earliest Middle Minoan phases that is mirrored in the surrounding settled landscape, but that this changed dramatically during the latter phase with declining prosperity at the site. To explore this, the…
The Organisation and Practice of Metal Smithing in Later Bronze Age Europe
A New Bronze Age Mega-fort in Southeastern Europe
A newly discovered network of later Bronze Age fortified sites of unusually large size are discussed, with a primary focus on results of excavations at the site of Gradište Iđoš. Closely associated with the rivers Mureš, Tisza, and Danube, these sites are located in the southeast of the Carpathian Basin in central Europe. On current evidence, the main period of construction and occupation took place between 1400–1100 b.c., probably constituting s…
Wonderful Things? A Consideration of 3D Modelling of Objects in Material Culture Research
The role of 3D modelling in archaeology is increasing exponentially, from fieldwork to architecture to material culture studies. For the study of archaeological objects the roles of digital and print models for public engagement has been much considered in recent literature. For model makers, focus has typically been placed on exceptional and visually striking objects with inherent appeal. In contrast, this paper explores some of the potential ro…
European Bronze Age Symbols in Prehistoric Greece? Reconsidering Bronze Shields and Spears from Delphi in Their Wider Context
Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens - Volume 87, Number 2, April-June 2018
Hunting Warriors
Warfare is increasingly considered to have been a major field of social activity in prehistoric societies, in terms of the infrastructures supporting its conduct, the effects of its occurrence, and its role in symbolic systems. In the Bronze Age many of the weapon forms that were to dominate battlefields for millennia to come were first invented—shields and swords in particular. Using the case study of Ireland, developments in Bronze Age warfare …
Tracing edges
The Mycenaean Seminar 2013–14
Journal Article THE MYCENAEAN SEMINAR 2013–14 Get access JOANNE CUTLER, JOANNE CUTLER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PHILIPP W. STOCKHAMMER, PHILIPP W. STOCKHAMMER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PEGGY SOTIRAKOPOULOU, PEGGY SOTIRAKOPOULOU Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. DRIESSEN, J. DRIESSEN Search for other works by this…
Life and Death of a Bronze Age House
In 2010, a portion of a well-preserved domestic building dating to the later part of Early Minoan (EM) I was excavated at Priniatikos Pyrgos, east Crete. Though only a small portion of this house was available to investigate, there was clear evidence for several architectural and habitation phases. The final domestic activities were particularly well preserved because the building was deliberately destroyed in an event that included burning. Ther…
Martial Minoans? War as Social Process, Practice and Event in Bronze Age Crete
Together with politics, economics and religion, war is one of the fundamental factors that can shape a society and group identities. In the prehistoric world, the sources for the study of war are disparate and their interpretation can be inconsistent and problematic. In the case of Crete in the Bronze Age, a systematic analysis of the evidence will be undertaken for the first time in this paper, and this opportunity is used to critically evaluate…
Swords and Swordsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age
Warfare and combat are often considered to have played central roles in the characterization of elite identities and the social evolution of Aegean Bronze Age polities of Crete and the Greek mainland. Iconography and mortuary practice provide insights into how warrior identity and violence were materially celebrated. To understand better the systemic and reflexive impact of warfare on social structures, consideration of the technical aspects of c…
For Gods or men? A reappraisal of the function of European Bronze Age shields
Are the imposing, decorated copper-alloy shields of Bronze Age Europe symbolic objects or functioning weapons? The author undertakes new analysis and experiments to conclude that whether bronze, leather or wood, all shields had a range of purpose in which the ceremonial and homicidal could rarely be completely isolated
Martial arts and materiality
The early swords of the Aegean Bronze Age are some of the most striking artefacts from this epoch in terms of craftsmanship and opulence. Their perceived role has at various times ranged from their being ritual objects, to being restricted in terms of modes and environments of use, to their being perfectly serviceable tools of war. In this paper experimental archaeology with accurate replica weapons is used to explore the practicalities of their …
Establishing the Middle Sea
The Late Bronze Age (1700–900 BC) represents an extremely dynamic period for Mediterranean Europe. Here, we provide a comparative survey of the archaeological record of over half a millennium within the entire northern littoral of the Mediterranean, from Greece to Iberia, incorporating archaeological, archaeometric, and bioarchaeological evidence. The picture that emerges, while certainly fragmented and not displaying a unique trajectory, reveals…
For Gods or men? A reappraisal of the function of European Bronze Age shields
Are the imposing, decorated copper-alloy shields of Bronze Age Europe symbolic objects or functioning weapons? The author undertakes new analysis and experiments to conclude that whether bronze, leather or wood, all shields had a range of purpose in which the ceremonial and homicidal could rarely be completely isolated
Life and Death of a Bronze Age House
In 2010, a portion of a well-preserved domestic building dating to the later part of Early Minoan (EM) I was excavated at Priniatikos Pyrgos, east Crete. Though only a small portion of this house was available to investigate, there was clear evidence for several architectural and habitation phases. The final domestic activities were particularly well preserved because the building was deliberately destroyed in an event that included burning. Ther…
The Organisation and Practice of Metal Smithing in Later Bronze Age Europe
A New Bronze Age Mega-fort in Southeastern Europe
A newly discovered network of later Bronze Age fortified sites of unusually large size are discussed, with a primary focus on results of excavations at the site of Gradište Iđoš. Closely associated with the rivers Mureš, Tisza, and Danube, these sites are located in the southeast of the Carpathian Basin in central Europe. On current evidence, the main period of construction and occupation took place between 1400–1100 b.c., probably constituting s…
Hunting Warriors
Warfare is increasingly considered to have been a major field of social activity in prehistoric societies, in terms of the infrastructures supporting its conduct, the effects of its occurrence, and its role in symbolic systems. In the Bronze Age many of the weapon forms that were to dominate battlefields for millennia to come were first invented—shields and swords in particular. Using the case study of Ireland, developments in Bronze Age warfare …
Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition
The globalizing connections that defined the European Bronze Age in the second millennium BC either ended or abruptly changed in the decades around 1200 BC. The impact of climate change at 3.2 ka on such social changes has been debated for the eastern Mediterranean. This paper extends this enquiry of shifting human–climate relationships during the later Bronze Age into Europe for the first time. There, climate data indicate that significant shift…
Tracing edges
The Balkan-Aegean migrations revisited
Alleged ?Aegean migrations? have long been seen as underlying major transformations in lifeways and identity in the Balkans in the 12th-11th centuries BC. Revisiting the material culture and settlement changes in the north-south ?routeway? of the Velika Morava-Juzna Morava-Vardar/Axios river valleys, this paper evaluates developments within local communities. It is argued that mobility played an important role in social change, including an eleme…
Martial Minoans? War as Social Process, Practice and Event in Bronze Age Crete
Together with politics, economics and religion, war is one of the fundamental factors that can shape a society and group identities. In the prehistoric world, the sources for the study of war are disparate and their interpretation can be inconsistent and problematic. In the case of Crete in the Bronze Age, a systematic analysis of the evidence will be undertaken for the first time in this paper, and this opportunity is used to critically evaluate…
Swords and Swordsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age
Warfare and combat are often considered to have played central roles in the characterization of elite identities and the social evolution of Aegean Bronze Age polities of Crete and the Greek mainland. Iconography and mortuary practice provide insights into how warrior identity and violence were materially celebrated. To understand better the systemic and reflexive impact of warfare on social structures, consideration of the technical aspects of c…
Wonderful Things? A Consideration of 3D Modelling of Objects in Material Culture Research
The role of 3D modelling in archaeology is increasing exponentially, from fieldwork to architecture to material culture studies. For the study of archaeological objects the roles of digital and print models for public engagement has been much considered in recent literature. For model makers, focus has typically been placed on exceptional and visually striking objects with inherent appeal. In contrast, this paper explores some of the potential ro…
Integrating and Dividing in a Late Bronze Age Society
Recent research in the later Bronze Age of the southern Carpathian Basin has revealed an extensive network of large, often-enclosed settlements. Within this network, a particularly dense group of sites has recently been characterized: the Tisza Site Group (TSG). Building on advances in inter-site relations in recent research, we explore social organization within settlements using five case studies from different parts of this network. Using a mu…
Trade, recycling and mixing in local metal management strategies of the later Bronze Age south Carpathian Basin
Lead Isotope Analysis (LIA) has been applied most often as a means of provenancing copper at the macro scale. Here we use LIA at the regional scale to expose the relationship between long-distance communication and local metal management strategies. We conducted lead isotope and chemical analysis on 82 objects and ingots from Late Bronze Age hoards of the south Carpathian Basin, a node in long distance networks. From a social perspective, results…
Forging a New World Order? Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Management of Metalworking and Ideological Change in the Late Bronze Age Carpathian Basin
The Carpathian Basin was a highly influential centre of metalworking in the 2nd mil. BC. Nevertheless, despite the abundance of metal objects from the Late Bronze Age, the scarcity of contextually associated metalworking remains representing distinct phases of the metalworking cycle from this region is striking. Here, we explore Late Bronze Age metalworking through the lens of a uniquely complete metalworking assemblage from the site of Șagu from…
New 14 C data from the tumuli necropolis of Dubac in Jančići near Čačak and their role in establishing the chronological sequence of the Late Bronze Age for western Serbia
This paper presents 17 new 14C dates from the tumulus cemetery of Dubac in Jančići, in western Serbia. Burials were accompanied by bronze personal ornaments and occasionally pottery vessels. 14C dates are considered together with the stratigraphy, mortuary practices and material culture from the graves in two tumuli in order to explore local mortuary conventions and to set these in their regional context. It is shown that after being founded in t…
Climate, peace, and conflict—past and present
Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of scholarship and examines how each may benefit the ot…
Sentinel-2 imagery analyses for archaeological site detection
Satellite remote sensing has become a valuable tool in archaeology, allowing the monitoring of existing and discovery of new sites, and to study their surroundings. In an attempt to identify unknown Late Bronze Age (LBA) archaeological sites in the Serbian Banat region (southern Carpathian Basin), remote sensing techniques for site detection were applied using Sentinel-2 data. A multi-temporal analysis was performed, and the spectral signatures o…
Early Chariots and Religion in South-East Europe and the Aegean During the Bronze Age
The iconic Dupljaja chariot model from the Carpathian Basin informs us on cosmologies and technologies of Bronze Age societies in Europe between 1600 and 1200 BC. It communicates key elements of religious imagery and ritual practice alongside technical features of working chariots. Through a detailed reappraisal employing use-wear, compositional, and iconographic analyses as well as 3D modelling of the chariot model, the authors explore the socia…
Exploring connectivity in Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age Greece and the Balkans using cranial non-metric analysis
The present study aims to explore connectivity and networking in Late Bronze Age (LBA)/Early Iron Age (EIA) Greece and the Balkans using morphological biodistance analysis and test the potentiality of newly introduced statistical tests, which were designed for challenging datasets, in this particular cultural area. Cranial non-metric traits were recorded in ten skeletal collections, spanning from East Crete to Romania. We followed an experimental…
Faltering Complexity? The Context and Character of Settlement at Priniatikos Pyrgos in Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA East Crete
This study presents the preliminary results of new excavations of Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA horizons at Priniatikos Pyrgos in East Crete. It argues that there is cumulative growth at this central settlement throughout the Early Minoan and earliest Middle Minoan phases that is mirrored in the surrounding settled landscape, but that this changed dramatically during the latter phase with declining prosperity at the site. To explore this, the…
European Bronze Age Symbols in Prehistoric Greece? Reconsidering Bronze Shields and Spears from Delphi in Their Wider Context
Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens - Volume 87, Number 2, April-June 2018
Martial arts and materiality
The early swords of the Aegean Bronze Age are some of the most striking artefacts from this epoch in terms of craftsmanship and opulence. Their perceived role has at various times ranged from their being ritual objects, to being restricted in terms of modes and environments of use, to their being perfectly serviceable tools of war. In this paper experimental archaeology with accurate replica weapons is used to explore the practicalities of their …
For Gods or men? A reappraisal of the function of European Bronze Age shields
Are the imposing, decorated copper-alloy shields of Bronze Age Europe symbolic objects or functioning weapons? The author undertakes new analysis and experiments to conclude that whether bronze, leather or wood, all shields had a range of purpose in which the ceremonial and homicidal could rarely be completely isolated
Swords and Swordsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age
Warfare and combat are often considered to have played central roles in the characterization of elite identities and the social evolution of Aegean Bronze Age polities of Crete and the Greek mainland. Iconography and mortuary practice provide insights into how warrior identity and violence were materially celebrated. To understand better the systemic and reflexive impact of warfare on social structures, consideration of the technical aspects of c…
Martial Minoans? War as Social Process, Practice and Event in Bronze Age Crete
Together with politics, economics and religion, war is one of the fundamental factors that can shape a society and group identities. In the prehistoric world, the sources for the study of war are disparate and their interpretation can be inconsistent and problematic. In the case of Crete in the Bronze Age, a systematic analysis of the evidence will be undertaken for the first time in this paper, and this opportunity is used to critically evaluate…
The Mycenaean Seminar 2013–14
Journal Article THE MYCENAEAN SEMINAR 2013–14 Get access JOANNE CUTLER, JOANNE CUTLER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PHILIPP W. STOCKHAMMER, PHILIPP W. STOCKHAMMER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar PEGGY SOTIRAKOPOULOU, PEGGY SOTIRAKOPOULOU Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. DRIESSEN, J. DRIESSEN Search for other works by this…
Life and Death of a Bronze Age House
In 2010, a portion of a well-preserved domestic building dating to the later part of Early Minoan (EM) I was excavated at Priniatikos Pyrgos, east Crete. Though only a small portion of this house was available to investigate, there was clear evidence for several architectural and habitation phases. The final domestic activities were particularly well preserved because the building was deliberately destroyed in an event that included burning. Ther…
Tracing edges
Hunting Warriors
Warfare is increasingly considered to have been a major field of social activity in prehistoric societies, in terms of the infrastructures supporting its conduct, the effects of its occurrence, and its role in symbolic systems. In the Bronze Age many of the weapon forms that were to dominate battlefields for millennia to come were first invented—shields and swords in particular. Using the case study of Ireland, developments in Bronze Age warfare …
Wonderful Things? A Consideration of 3D Modelling of Objects in Material Culture Research
The role of 3D modelling in archaeology is increasing exponentially, from fieldwork to architecture to material culture studies. For the study of archaeological objects the roles of digital and print models for public engagement has been much considered in recent literature. For model makers, focus has typically been placed on exceptional and visually striking objects with inherent appeal. In contrast, this paper explores some of the potential ro…
European Bronze Age Symbols in Prehistoric Greece? Reconsidering Bronze Shields and Spears from Delphi in Their Wider Context
Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens - Volume 87, Number 2, April-June 2018
Faltering Complexity? The Context and Character of Settlement at Priniatikos Pyrgos in Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA East Crete
This study presents the preliminary results of new excavations of Early Minoan III–Middle Minoan IA horizons at Priniatikos Pyrgos in East Crete. It argues that there is cumulative growth at this central settlement throughout the Early Minoan and earliest Middle Minoan phases that is mirrored in the surrounding settled landscape, but that this changed dramatically during the latter phase with declining prosperity at the site. To explore this, the…
The Organisation and Practice of Metal Smithing in Later Bronze Age Europe
A New Bronze Age Mega-fort in Southeastern Europe
A newly discovered network of later Bronze Age fortified sites of unusually large size are discussed, with a primary focus on results of excavations at the site of Gradište Iđoš. Closely associated with the rivers Mureš, Tisza, and Danube, these sites are located in the southeast of the Carpathian Basin in central Europe. On current evidence, the main period of construction and occupation took place between 1400–1100 b.c., probably constituting s…
Exploring the Efficacy of Comparative Bioarchaeological Approaches in Providing Answers on Marginality and Networking
This paper investigates the efficacy of comparative bioarchaeological approaches in exploring the impact of economic marginality on human lifeways. Skeletal remains from the Late Bronze Age cemetery of Achlada in Northern Greece were chosen to address this, as this specific community was probably less well networked, evident in its location away from major communication routes and the paucity of grave goods at the site. A biocultural methodology …
Establishing the Middle Sea
The Late Bronze Age (1700–900 BC) represents an extremely dynamic period for Mediterranean Europe. Here, we provide a comparative survey of the archaeological record of over half a millennium within the entire northern littoral of the Mediterranean, from Greece to Iberia, incorporating archaeological, archaeometric, and bioarchaeological evidence. The picture that emerges, while certainly fragmented and not displaying a unique trajectory, reveals…
The Balkan-Aegean migrations revisited
Alleged ?Aegean migrations? have long been seen as underlying major transformations in lifeways and identity in the Balkans in the 12th-11th centuries BC. Revisiting the material culture and settlement changes in the north-south ?routeway? of the Velika Morava-Juzna Morava-Vardar/Axios river valleys, this paper evaluates developments within local communities. It is argued that mobility played an important role in social change, including an eleme…
Forging a New World Order? Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Management of Metalworking and Ideological Change in the Late Bronze Age Carpathian Basin
The Carpathian Basin was a highly influential centre of metalworking in the 2nd mil. BC. Nevertheless, despite the abundance of metal objects from the Late Bronze Age, the scarcity of contextually associated metalworking remains representing distinct phases of the metalworking cycle from this region is striking. Here, we explore Late Bronze Age metalworking through the lens of a uniquely complete metalworking assemblage from the site of Șagu from…
Was There a 3.2 ka Crisis in Europe? A Critical Comparison of Climatic, Environmental, and Archaeological Evidence for Radical Change during the Bronze Age–Iron Age Transition
The globalizing connections that defined the European Bronze Age in the second millennium BC either ended or abruptly changed in the decades around 1200 BC. The impact of climate change at 3.2 ka on such social changes has been debated for the eastern Mediterranean. This paper extends this enquiry of shifting human–climate relationships during the later Bronze Age into Europe for the first time. There, climate data indicate that significant shift…
Sentinel-2 imagery analyses for archaeological site detection
Satellite remote sensing has become a valuable tool in archaeology, allowing the monitoring of existing and discovery of new sites, and to study their surroundings. In an attempt to identify unknown Late Bronze Age (LBA) archaeological sites in the Serbian Banat region (southern Carpathian Basin), remote sensing techniques for site detection were applied using Sentinel-2 data. A multi-temporal analysis was performed, and the spectral signatures o…
Early Chariots and Religion in South-East Europe and the Aegean During the Bronze Age
The iconic Dupljaja chariot model from the Carpathian Basin informs us on cosmologies and technologies of Bronze Age societies in Europe between 1600 and 1200 BC. It communicates key elements of religious imagery and ritual practice alongside technical features of working chariots. Through a detailed reappraisal employing use-wear, compositional, and iconographic analyses as well as 3D modelling of the chariot model, the authors explore the socia…
Exploring connectivity in Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age Greece and the Balkans using cranial non-metric analysis
The present study aims to explore connectivity and networking in Late Bronze Age (LBA)/Early Iron Age (EIA) Greece and the Balkans using morphological biodistance analysis and test the potentiality of newly introduced statistical tests, which were designed for challenging datasets, in this particular cultural area. Cranial non-metric traits were recorded in ten skeletal collections, spanning from East Crete to Romania. We followed an experimental…
Trade, recycling and mixing in local metal management strategies of the later Bronze Age south Carpathian Basin
Lead Isotope Analysis (LIA) has been applied most often as a means of provenancing copper at the macro scale. Here we use LIA at the regional scale to expose the relationship between long-distance communication and local metal management strategies. We conducted lead isotope and chemical analysis on 82 objects and ingots from Late Bronze Age hoards of the south Carpathian Basin, a node in long distance networks. From a social perspective, results…
Integrating and Dividing in a Late Bronze Age Society
Recent research in the later Bronze Age of the southern Carpathian Basin has revealed an extensive network of large, often-enclosed settlements. Within this network, a particularly dense group of sites has recently been characterized: the Tisza Site Group (TSG). Building on advances in inter-site relations in recent research, we explore social organization within settlements using five case studies from different parts of this network. Using a mu…
New 14 C data from the tumuli necropolis of Dubac in Jančići near Čačak and their role in establishing the chronological sequence of the Late Bronze Age for western Serbia
This paper presents 17 new 14C dates from the tumulus cemetery of Dubac in Jančići, in western Serbia. Burials were accompanied by bronze personal ornaments and occasionally pottery vessels. 14C dates are considered together with the stratigraphy, mortuary practices and material culture from the graves in two tumuli in order to explore local mortuary conventions and to set these in their regional context. It is shown that after being founded in t…
Climate, peace, and conflict—past and present
Concern has risen that current global warming and more frequent extreme events such as droughts and floods will increase conflict around the world. This concern has spurred both social science research on contemporary climate, peace, and conflict as well as research in the historical sciences on past climate, weather, warfare, and violence. This perspectives article compares these two fields of scholarship and examines how each may benefit the ot…
Archaeology (22 obras) · Bronze Age (21 obras) · History (18 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (16 obras) · History (16 obras) · Geography (14 obras) · Ancient history (12 obras) · Bronze (11 obras) · Art (9 obras) · Geology (9 obras)