Georg Wenzelburger
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1268640 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Georg Wenzelburger |
| NOMBRES | Georg |
| APELLIDO | Wenzelburger |
| FIRMA | WENZELBURGER G |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Kaiserslautern |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6195-7664 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 88 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 617 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 87 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2008 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Party Competition and Voter Attitudes in German Border Regions
When studying questions of European democracy, research is still very much focused on national political actors. This can be partly explained by the fact that data on political parties’ positions toward Europe and citizens’ attitudes have been mainly collected at the national level, and because sample sizes at the regional or local levels are too small. However, political parties compete about issues related to Europe on different levels—and espe…
Differentiated by Design? Cross‐Border Cooperation in Europe as Differentiated Integration From Below
Differentiated integration has become a central concept in contemporary theorizing about European integration, reflecting the increasingly multi‐speed, multi‐tier and multi‐menu nature of integration within the European Union (EU). This research note extends the conceptual lens of differentiated integration to the level of cross‐border regions. We argue that variation in speed, depth and territorial scope of integration across cross‐border region…
Frightening politics
Regional approaches to cross-border integration
Regional cross-border strategies represent a recent and under-researched approach to shaping cross-border integration from below. Drawing on Sohn’s framework of cross-border integration as a geo-economic model or a territorial project , this paper examines the content and development of cross-border strategies in two German states: Saarland and Brandenburg. Based on the attempt to sharpen the profile of the Franco-Saarland region, and as a strate…
The Role of Uncertainty in the Policy Process
A core assumption of the Multiple Streams Framework proposes that agenda and policy change is more probable when a policy proposal worked out as a viable alternative in the policy stream is coupled with the political and/or problem stream in an open policy window. In this article, we argue that this perspective hinges on a too narrow understanding of the concept of ambiguity, which ignores situations of high epistemic uncertainty in which worked‐…
Mit dem Halbkreisblick? Daseinsvorsorge in Grenzregionen
Daseinsvorsorge ist in Europa bis heute stark nationalstaatlich organisiert. Für Grenzregionen können sich hieraus Nachteile ergeben, wenn zusätzlich zu beschränkten Zugangsmöglichkeiten eine Unterversorgung im angrenzenden Nachbarland besteht. Der Beitrag arbeitet daher die Situation grenzregionaler Daseinsvorsorge an den Rändern Deutschlands systematisch auf, untersucht, welche Bedingungen mit Unterschieden zwischen Grenzregionen und dem deutsc…
Migration as amplifier. How the influence of welfare chauvinism on the vote for far-right populist parties is conditioned by migration
Much research from recent years has shown that individuals with welfare chauvinist attitudes are more likely to support far-right populist parties. At the same time, we know that the general conditions in a country, such as immigration, are also related to support for the far right. However, how both relationships work together has not been scrutinized systematically, yet. This article contributes to filling this gap by studying to what extent ch…
Studying honest answers to sensitive issues in politics New evidence on lobbying influence
Studying lobbying influence in politics has been confronted with the challenge of gaining insights into processes that usually take place behind closed doors and about which honest answers from participants are difficult to obtain. Therefore, innovative methods of indirect measurement of lobby success – via text analysis or interviews – have been used to get at the hidden politics of lobbying. In this research note, we propose an additional techn…
Exploring the Disciplinary State
Welfare states in rich democracies have returned to a more ‘disciplinary’ agenda in recent decades. This has occurred roughly simultaneously with the so‐called ‘punitive turn’ in criminal justice. We argue that it makes sense to analyse the two movements together, as manifestations of the novel concept of the ‘disciplinary state’. Empirically, we explore the contours of and political dynamics behind the disciplinary state in Denmark, Germany and …
A matter of time, not generations
The literature argues that successive generations have become progressively more attached to the EU, due to having experienced increasing levels of integration during their impressionable adolescent years. This generational view of EU attachment assumes that after birth cohorts have outgrown their impressionable years, they do not become more attached to the EU, regardless of period-based changes. However, newer theories of European integration e…
Border Regions as Nuclei of European Integration? Evidence From Germany
What role do border regions play in fostering a European identity? The European Union considers them relevant places of integration and has dedicated €10 billion to cross‐border co‐operation between 2014 and 2020. This action relies on the idea that border regions are hot spots of integration, as they allow citizens to engage in transnational activities, stimulating a sense of cross‐border community, which is said to increase attachment to Europe…
Multiple levels, multiple streams
The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, signed in 2019 by the French President Macron and the German Chancellor Merkel, is widely seen as a major step for border regions on their way towards being fully acknowledged as political entities. However, while much ink has been spilled on the relevance of the treaty for future cross-border cooperation, we know surprisingly little about how that particular aspect actually became the Chapter 4 of the treaty. Given…
Emotional Responsiveness in an Age of Insecurity A Conceptual Proposal and a Research Agenda
Right-wing populist parties and their appeal to pro-redistribution voters
As anti-establishment parties, right-wing populists (RWPs) have been successful in attracting the politically discontent. This article shows how this appeal of RWPs asymmetrically affects citizens on the economical left and right. Building on previous work, the analysis examines how anti-establishment status conditions not only the effect of political disaffection, but also the effect of redistribution preferences on RWP support. A multilevel ana…
Policy windows and criminal justice reforms
The Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) theorises that policy change is more probable either when problems are coupled with policy solutions during open policy windows or when windows open for other reasons (elections, for example) and policy entrepreneurs succeed in finding a problem to which they can couple their pet policy. In general, the MSF usually expects a linkage between a problem and the policy (or vice versa). This article investigates a …
Sending Signals or Building Bridges? Digital Sovereignty in EU Communicative and Co‐Ordinative Discourse
This article studies the role that ‘digital sovereignty’ performs in the EU's digital policy discourse comparing speeches by high‐level European Commission officials and Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). It indicates that the concept of digital sovereignty is not mentioned very frequently, neither in the European Parliament (EP) nor in the public statements of top EU officials. It is furthermore not closely linked to specific policy idea…
Bringing Emotions into the Study of Responsiveness
Research on representation and responsiveness is based on the idea that voters have concerns about certain policy problems and that representatives respond to these concerns with concrete policy outputs, such as laws. In addition, once adopted, this policy output can feed back on voters’ concerns which are then satisfied. Consequently, citizens do not demand more of the respective policy (negative feedback, thermostatic model (Soroka & Wlezien 20…
The importance of effectiveness versus transparency and stakeholder involvement in citizens’ perception of public sector algorithms
This paper sheds light on how much citizens value different features of public sector algorithms, specifically whether they prioritize effectiveness over transparency and stakeholder involvement in algorithm design or instead see effectiveness as less important. It does so with choice-based conjoint designs that present variants of algorithms used in policing and health care to respondents from representative German samples. Two studies with over…
Studying policy transfer and policy learning in border regions. A proposition for interdisciplinary dialogue and a research agenda
In recent years, research on cross-border cooperation has proliferated, also receiving increased attention from political science. Nevertheless, important insights from the literatures on policy learning and transfer have not been systematically introduced into this field of study so far. In this article, we address this shortcoming by offering an analytical framework for analysing policy learning and transfer in (cross-)border regions, thereby f…
Disciplinary welfare and the punitive turn in criminal justice
When it comes to the relationship between social policy and penal policy, existing scholarship often focuses on the penal–welfare tradeoff, according to which countries with large and generous welfare states tend to have lower incarceration rates and less harsh treatment of offenders. We know much less about the relationship between the punitive turn in criminal justice and the use of discipline within social policy. Has there been a parallel tre…
Loyal Activists? Party Socialization and Dissenting Voting Behavior in Parliament
The question of why members of parliament (MPs) overwhelmingly toe the party line is receiving increasing scholarly attention. Adding to discipline‐based approaches, party loyalty, that is, a feeling of allegiance not related to policy agreement or disciplinary pressures, is an important part of the explanation. In this article, we employ a more nuanced view on party loyalty than previous observational studies and conceptualize it as the result o…
The mass media, welfare state reforms, and electoral punishment
The question to what extent voters punish governments for cutting the welfare state is an unsettled issue in social policy research. Our contribution addresses this shortcoming by systematically analyzing how media reporting about legislative changes to the welfare state affects the public agenda and citizens’ vote intentions while controlling for the influence of actual cutbacks and expansions. In our analysis we examine the case of Germany from…
Grasping Foreign and Security Policy Change
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has been perceived as a fundamental shift at the international level, triggering reorientation in foreign and security policy, in particular among liberal democracies. At the same time, beyond such external shocks, states may incrementally adapt their positioning towards international affairs. To shed light on these dynamics, this article aims to quantitatively explore longer-term patterns of foreign and security poli…
Comparative Public Policy Analysis
Comparative public policy is a blooming research area. It also suffers from some curious blind spots. In this paper we discuss four of these: (1) the obsession with covariance, which means that important phenomena are ignored; (2) the lack of agency, which leads to underwhelming explanatory models; (3) the unclear universe of cases, which means the inferential value of theories and the empirical results are unclear; and (4) the focus on outputs, …
Promises and Pitfalls of Algorithm Use by State Authorities
Algorithmic systems are increasingly used by state agencies to inform decisions about humans. They produce scores on risks of recidivism in criminal justice, indicate the probability for a job seeker to find a job in the labor market, or calculate whether an applicant should get access to a certain university program. In this contribution, we take an interdisciplinary perspective, provide a bird’s eye view of the different key decisions that are …
Religion, Religiosity, and the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality-A Multilevel Analysis of 79 Countries
Although attitudes toward homosexuality have become more liberal, particularly in industrialized Western countries, there is still a great deal of variance in terms of worldwide levels of homonegativity. Using data from the two most recent waves of the World Values Survey (1999-2004, 2005-2009), this article seeks to explain this variance by means of a multilevel analysis of 79 countries. We include characteristics on the individual level, as age…
Political Strategies and Fiscal Retrenchment
Political strategy matters – especially in the case of unpopular reforms. This is the main argument of this article. It shows that the analysis of political strategies gives complementary insights into the causal mechanisms of reform politics. It helps us to understand how political actors successfully implement unpopular reforms. The article provides empirical evidence for this claim by means of an analysis of adjustment efforts in Sweden, Belgi…
Bringing agency back into the study of partisan politics
The question of whether political parties make a systematic difference in terms of public policies is one of the classics of comparative public policy research. However, unstable class cleavages and changing party strategies challenge the assumptions of traditional partisan theory, namely that parties represent a stable group of voters and implement policies according to the preferences of this group. Against this backdrop, several recent studies…
Implications of dataset choice in comparative welfare state research
In the debate on welfare politics replacement rates have been hailed as a measure far more appropriate to identify retrenchment than expenditure. However, this contribution demonstrates that there is a considerable dependent variable problem on the entitlement side as well. By means of a comparison between replacement rates for three major programmes from the two most prominent datasets, Scruggs's CWED and Korpi and Palme's SCIP, we show that not…
Blame avoidance, electoral punishment and the perceptions of risk
Recent findings about the electoral cost of welfare state retrenchment challenge the view of the ‘New Politics’ literature that cutting welfare state entitlements is electorally risky. In fact, there seems to be no systematic punishment for governments retrenching the welfare state. At the same time, however, studies show that governments use numerous blame avoidance strategies when cutting welfare. Reflecting on this apparent contradiction we pu…
Risky Business? Welfare State Reforms and Government Support in Britain and Denmark
Are welfare state reforms electorally dangerous for governments? Political scientists have only recently begun to study this seemingly simple question, and existing work still suffers from two shortcomings. First, it has never tested the reform–vote link with data on actual legislative decisions for enough points in time to allow robust statistical tests. Secondly, it has failed to take into account the many expansionary reforms that have occurre…
Why parties take up digitization in their manifestos
While digital change already creates pressures for policy change, it remains a marginal issue at elections. It is thus risky for parties to signal commitment to this emerging topic while other issues still dominate. Nevertheless, in recent elections several parties have given more space in their manifestos to digitization. To answer the question why this is the case, this paper stresses the role of costs and programmatic spill-overs in issue comp…
Policy instruments and welfare state reform
A core, but so far untested, proposition of the new politics perspective, originally introduced by Paul Pierson, is that welfare state cutbacks will be implemented using so-called ‘invisible’ policy instruments, for example, a change in indexation rules. Expansion should, by implication, mainly happen using ‘visible’ policy instruments, for example, a change in nominal benefits. We have coded 1030 legislative reforms of old-age pensions and unemp…
Parties, Institutions and the Politics of Law and Order
Although the politics of law and order are currently a major issue of debate among criminologists, comparative public policy research has largely neglected it. This article fills that gap by bringing together criminological and public policy theories, and by examining law-and-order policies in twenty Western industrialized countries. It adds to the existing literature in two important ways: it provides a straightforward quantitative test of the e…
Opportunity for renewal or disruptive force? How artificial intelligence alters democratic politics
Algorithms in the public sector. Why context matters
Algorithms increasingly govern people's lives, including through rapidly spreading applications in the public sector. This paper sheds light on acceptance of algorithms used by the public sector emphasizing that algorithms, as parts of socio‐technical systems, are always embedded in a specific social context. We show that citizens' acceptance of an algorithm is strongly shaped by how they evaluate aspects of this context, namely the personal impo…
Toward a Theory of Political Strategy in Policy Analysis
Policy makers use political strategies when implementing public policies. This is the result of an increasing number of empirical studies—especially from research on unpopular welfare state reforms. However, an overarching theoretical framework systematizing the existing work is still missing from the literature. The present article tackles this shortcoming. Our approach starts from the assumption that the electoral consequences of policies resul…
How governments strategically time welfare state reform legislation
Building on studies on the political business cycle, the literature on welfare state retrenchment has argued that governments which cut the welfare state try to avoid blame by implementing painful measures in the beginning of the mandate and expanding benefits as elections approach. In contrast to this linear relationship, this article argues that governments often feel pressured to fulfil (mostly expansionary) campaign promises during the first …
Uncertainty, risk and the use of algorithms in policy decisions
Algorithms are increasingly used in different domains of public policy. They help humans to profile unemployed, support administrations to detect tax fraud and give recidivism risk scores that judges or criminal justice managers take into account when they make bail decisions. In recent years, critics have increasingly pointed to ethical challenges of these tools and emphasized problems of discrimination, opaqueness or accountability, and compute…
Bomb or build? How party ideologies affect the balance of foreign aid and defence spending
This article contributes to a growing literature that questions the traditional ‘politics stops at the water’s edge’ paradigm. Left- and right-wing parties hold diverging ideologies and articulate specific party programmes regarding policy priorities in the realm of foreign and security affairs. The impact of partisan contestations over foreign policy priorities can be traced in defence and foreign aid spending. We understand this ‘bomb-or-build’…
Roads to Success
During the 1990s, some OECD countries succeeded in reducing their budget deficits. The average public debt ratio fell from more than 70 per cent of GDP in 1996 to about 63 per cent of GDP in 2001. Up to now, researchers have mainly focused on the economic effects of these consolidation efforts. This paper answers another question: How can balanced budgets be achieved? By means of a detailed review of nine budget consolidations, the study identifi…
Dismantling the Welfare State? after Twenty-five years
Dismantling the Welfare State? is a modern classic in the welfare state literature. Yet although the book is widely known, the ‘Piersonian argument’ as it is typically referred to today bears limited resemblance to the book’s highly nuanced and thought-provoking ideas. This review revisits the book and explores some of the lessons it still holds for the research community
Framing Effects and Comparative Social Policy Reform
Following Paul Pierson’s work on the New Politics of the welfare state, numerous studies on welfare state reforms have shown that governments enacting welfare cuts regularly employ blame avoidance strategies and use issue frames when they communicate welfare reform policies. However, it remains largely unexplained to what extent these blame avoidance strategies really impact on the attitudes of voters on the micro level. This study sets out to fi…
The ‘third way’ and the politics of law and order
Advocating more repressive law and order policies along the slogan ‘tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime’ in their election manifesto, Tony Blair in the United Kingdom and Gerhard Schröder in Germany were elected in the late 1990s. Once in power, however, only New Labour substantially toughened law and order policies, whereas the German Social Democrats did not change the legal status quo, to a similar extent, during their mandate. This a…
Honeymoon in the crisis
The legitimacy gap of algorithmic decision-making in the public sector
Loyal Activists? Party Socialization and Dissenting Voting Behavior in Parliament
The question of why members of parliament (MPs) overwhelmingly toe the party line is receiving increasing scholarly attention. Adding to discipline‐based approaches, party loyalty, that is, a feeling of allegiance not related to policy agreement or disciplinary pressures, is an important part of the explanation. In this article, we employ a more nuanced view on party loyalty than previous observational studies and conceptualize it as the result o…
A Catwalk to Congress? Appearance-Based Effects in the Elections to the U.S. House of Representatives 2016
This article addresses the question of appearance-based effects by looking at the U.S. House of Representatives election 2016. We broaden the focus beyond existing studies by offering a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the three traits attractiveness, competence, and likability while simultaneously taking into account confounding third variables and possible interactions. Corresponding to the comparative character of electoral competition…
German Exceptionalism? An Empirical Analysis of 20 Years of Law and Order Legislation
German law and order policies have been described as exceptional compared to other Western industrialized countries in that they seem to have been immune to a general trend toward increased toughness. However, recent studies have cast some doubt on this finding. The present article addresses this divergence and contributes to the literature in two respects. First, drawing on a new dataset on German federal legislation on law and order (1994‐2013)…
A global trend toward law and order harshness
A popular claim made by criminologists argues that globalization has created a general punitive turn in Western industrialized countries and led to much harsher law and order policies. The present paper challenges this view and adds to the literature in two respects as follows: first, it presents empirical evidence that substantial differences in law and order policies remain between Western industrialized countries even when law and order policy…
Haushaltskonsolidierung
Roads to Success
During the 1990s, some OECD countries succeeded in reducing their budget deficits. The average public debt ratio fell from more than 70 per cent of GDP in 1996 to about 63 per cent of GDP in 2001. Up to now, researchers have mainly focused on the economic effects of these consolidation efforts. This paper answers another question: How can balanced budgets be achieved? By means of a detailed review of nine budget consolidations, the study identifi…
Determinanten der Haushaltskonsolidierung der Bundesländer (1992–2006)
Interaktiv, indirekt und nur stellenweise
Die „Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft“ versteht sich als Forum für die gesamte Politikwissenschaft. Sie bietet eine Plattform für alle Teildisziplinen und Felder sowie für alle Ansätze und Richtungen des Fachs. Als gemeinsames Band stehen dabei die Grundlagen-, Theorie- und Praxisorientierung sowie die kritische Diskussion im Vordergrund der wissenschaftlichen Beiträge. Neben begutachteten Aufsätzen (Double Blind Peer Review), die im Zentrum j…
Promotionsratgeber Politikwissenschaft
Promotionsratgeber Soziologie
Nach einem guten oder sehr guten Abschluss eines Diplom-, Magister-, Master- oder Staatsexamensstudiums stellt sich fÃ1⁄4r viele Absolventen die Frage, ob sie ihre akademische Karriere fortsetzen sollen. Der Promotionsratgeber Soziologie hilft bei der Orientierung in dieser oftmals schwierigen Phase. Er gibt einen à berblick Ã1⁄4ber die Möglichkeiten zur Promotion in der Soziologie und ist ein Leitfaden fÃ1⁄4r die Bewältigung von Problemen, die b…
Religion und Religiosität als Ursache von Homonegativität
Political Strategies and Fiscal Retrenchment
Political strategy matters – especially in the case of unpopular reforms. This is the main argument of this article. It shows that the analysis of political strategies gives complementary insights into the causal mechanisms of reform politics. It helps us to understand how political actors successfully implement unpopular reforms. The article provides empirical evidence for this claim by means of an analysis of adjustment efforts in Sweden, Belgi…
When do Governments Consolidate? A Quantitative Comparative Analysis of 23 OECD Countries (1980–2005)
Soaring unemployment, various economic stimulus packages, and the financial backlash have left their marks on the public finances of most industrialized countries. Fiscal adjustments are a top priority for the governments of the OECD member states. Against this background, this paper investigates the determinants of fiscal adjustments in the 1990s – a period when many budget consolidations occurred. Through a quantitative analysis, this research …
Parteien und die Generosität der Altersrenten in Zeiten permanenter Austerität
Die quantitative Sozialpolitikforschung weist ein doppeltes Defizit auf: Zum einen dominieren Analysen aggregierter Ausgaben(quoten), zum anderen fokussieren die meisten Studien zu Lohnersatzraten auf die Arbeitslosen‐ und Krankenversicherung, während die Rentengenerosität weitgehend ausgespart geblieben ist. Der vorliegende Artikel stößt in diese Lücke, indem er zunächst die theoretischen Besonderheiten der Rente diskutiert und zwei Hypothesen z…
Political Parties and Pension Generosity in Times of Permanent Austerity
The quantitative strand of social policy research suffers from a double deficit: on the one hand, analyses of aggregate expenditure dominate, and on the other hand, most studies of replacement rates focus on unemployment or sickness benefits, while pensions are excluded. This paper addresses the said deficit firstly by discussing the pension sectors’ theoretical peculiarities and by proposing two hypotheses: one on the retrenchment of pension rep…
Die Politik der Inneren Sicherheit
Implications of dataset choice in comparative welfare state research
In the debate on welfare politics replacement rates have been hailed as a measure far more appropriate to identify retrenchment than expenditure. However, this contribution demonstrates that there is a considerable dependent variable problem on the entitlement side as well. By means of a comparison between replacement rates for three major programmes from the two most prominent datasets, Scruggs's CWED and Korpi and Palme's SCIP, we show that not…
Weiterführende statistische Methoden für Politikwissenschaftler
This book provides a practical introduction to advanced techniques of regression analysis for political scientists. Building upon detailed discussion of the fundamentals of regression analysis, it individually presents the advanced techniques of regression analysis. The textbook aims to impart an understanding of the underlying operating principles of advanced analytic techniques, and about their advantages and drawbacks.
Wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Wandel, Lohnersatzraten und das Problem der Validität – Ein kritischer Einwurf
Toward a Theory of Political Strategy in Policy Analysis
Policy makers use political strategies when implementing public policies. This is the result of an increasing number of empirical studies—especially from research on unpopular welfare state reforms. However, an overarching theoretical framework systematizing the existing work is still missing from the literature. The present article tackles this shortcoming. Our approach starts from the assumption that the electoral consequences of policies resul…
Blame avoidance, electoral punishment and the perceptions of risk
Recent findings about the electoral cost of welfare state retrenchment challenge the view of the ‘New Politics’ literature that cutting welfare state entitlements is electorally risky. In fact, there seems to be no systematic punishment for governments retrenching the welfare state. At the same time, however, studies show that governments use numerous blame avoidance strategies when cutting welfare. Reflecting on this apparent contradiction we pu…
The Politics of Public and Private Pension Generosity in Advanced Democracies
The quantitative strand of social policy research suffers from a triple deficit: analyses of aggregate expenditure dominate, most of the few studies of replacement rates focus on unemployment or sickness benefits while pensions are excluded, and the interdependence between public and private pension plans is often ignored. This article addresses the said deficits, first, by discussing the pension sectors' theoretical peculiarities and by proposin…
Fact or fiction? Welfare cuts and fiscal adjustments
Governments in the industrialised western democracies have repeatedly been advised to curb the welfare state when adjusting public finances in order to stabilise public debt in the long run and to create economic growth. This recommendation has been founded on a vast body of research on fiscal adjustments, which has come to the conclusion that cutting social expenditures leads to expansionary and more sustainable budget consolidations. This paper…
Konzepte und Begriffe in der Vergleichenden Policy-Forschung
Parteien
Handbuch Policy-Forschung
Handbuch Policy-Forschung
Framing Effects and Comparative Social Policy Reform
Following Paul Pierson’s work on the New Politics of the welfare state, numerous studies on welfare state reforms have shown that governments enacting welfare cuts regularly employ blame avoidance strategies and use issue frames when they communicate welfare reform policies. However, it remains largely unexplained to what extent these blame avoidance strategies really impact on the attitudes of voters on the micro level. This study sets out to fi…
Parties, Institutions and the Politics of Law and Order
Although the politics of law and order are currently a major issue of debate among criminologists, comparative public policy research has largely neglected it. This article fills that gap by bringing together criminological and public policy theories, and by examining law-and-order policies in twenty Western industrialized countries. It adds to the existing literature in two important ways: it provides a straightforward quantitative test of the e…
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