Peter Aaby
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 127068 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Peter Aaby |
| NOMBRES | Peter |
| APELLIDO | Aaby |
| FIRMA | AABY P |
| AFILIACIONES | Statens Serum Institut |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8331-1389 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 79 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1978 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Severity of respiratory tract infections depends on the infectious dose. Perspectives for the next pandemic
During the COVID-19 pandemic, much has been said about the importance of host-specific and virus-specific factors as predictors of the risk of infection and severity of disease. For example, host factors such as increased age, male gender, ethnicity, and comorbidities such as metabolic and pulmonary disorders have been recognized as risk factors for severe disease, whereas host immunity stemming from prior infection or vaccination against severe …
Can earlier BCG-Japan and OPV vaccination reduce early infant mortality? A cluster-randomised trial in Guinea-Bissau
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of providing BCG and oral polio vaccine (OPV) at an early home visit after delivery. DESIGN: Cluster-randomised trial, randomising 92 geographically defined clusters 1:1 to intervention/control arms. SETTING: Bandim Health Project Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Guinea-Bissau. PARTICIPANTS: 2226 newborns enrolled between July 2016 and August 2019. INTERVENTIONS: In both arms, newborns received a home vi…
One vaccine to counter many diseases? Modeling the economics of oral polio vaccine against child mortality and Covid-19
Introduction: Recent reviews summarize evidence that some vaccines have heterologous or non-specific effects (NSE), potentially offering protection against multiple pathogens. Numerous economic evaluations examine vaccines' pathogen-specific effects, but less than a handful focus on NSE. This paper addresses that gap by reporting economic evaluations of the NSE of oral polio vaccine (OPV) against under-five mortality and COVID-19. Materials and m…
Disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy for BCG vaccine in Guinea-Bissau
OBJECTIVE: BCG vaccination is frequently delayed in low-income countries. Restrictive vial-opening policies, where a vial of BCG vaccine is not opened for few children, are a major reason for delay. During delays, children are unprotected against tuberculosis (TB) and deprived of non-specific effects of BCG. We assessed the potential effect and cost-effectiveness of disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy, on TB and all-cause mortality, …
The mortality effects of disregarding the strategy to save doses of measles vaccine
INTRODUCTION: Measles vaccine (MV) may improve health beyond measles protection. To avoid wastage from multi-dose vials, children in Guinea-Bissau are only measles vaccinated when aged 9-11 months and when six or more children are present. We assessed health impacts of providing MV to all measles-unvaccinated children 9-35 months. METHODS: We cluster-randomised 182 village clusters under demographic surveillance in rural Guinea-Bissau to an 'MV-f…
The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries
Background Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) is one of the leading causes of bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide a better understanding of the genetic characteristics and transmission patterns associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) iNTS serovars across the continent. Methods A total of 166 iNTS isolates collected from a multi-centre surveillance in 10 African countries (2010–2014) and a fever study in Ghana (2007–200…
Seasonal variation in the non-specific effects of BCG vaccination on neonatal mortality
The BCG vaccine protects non-specifically against other diseases than tuberculosis. Three randomised controlled trials of early BCG in Guinea-Bissau found a 38% reduction in all-cause neonatal mortality. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In Guinea-Bissau, prevalent infectious diseases display distinct seasonality. Revisiting the three trials (>6500 infants) comparing early BCG versus no early BCG in low weight infants on all-cause …
BCG skin reactions by 2 months of age are associated with better survival in infancy
INTRODUCTION: Receiving Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Denmark vaccine at birth has been associated with ~40% reductions in all-cause neonatal mortality. We evaluated determinants of BCG skin reaction characteristics by age 2 months and tested the association with subsequent mortality. METHODS: Prospective observational study amalgamating five trials providing BCG-at-birth that were conducted between 2002 and 2018 in Guinea-Bissau. The reaction st…
The Covid-19 pandemic
It is very exceptional that a new disease becomes a true pandemic. Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread to nearly all countries of the world in only a few months. However, in different countries, the COVID-19 epidemic takes variable shapes and forms in how it affects communities. Until now, the insights gained on COVID-19 have be…
Complete and on-time routine childhood immunisation
Background: Completion of the full series of childhood vaccines on-time is crucial to ensuring greater protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. Aim: To examine determinants of complete and on-time vaccination and evaluate the relationship between vaccination patterns and severe morbidity outcomes. Subjects and methods: Vaccination information from infants in Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System was used to evaluate ful…
Research protocol of two concurrent cluster-randomized trials
NCT03460002
Cost-effectiveness of providing measles vaccination to all children in Guinea-Bissau
BACKGROUND: Measles vaccination is associated with major reductions in child mortality and morbidity. In Guinea-Bissau, to limit vaccine wastage, children are only measles-vaccinated if at least six children aged 9-11 months are present at a vaccination session. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of providing measles vaccine (MV) to all children regardless of age and number of children present. METHODS: We estimated MV cove…
BCG coverage and barriers to BCG vaccination in Guinea-Bissau
BCG coverage during the first months of life is low in Guinea-Bissau. Providing BCG at monthly vaccination visits removes the risk factors associated with delayed BCG vaccination
Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients with HIV in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
Adherence is a decisive factor in achieving a successful response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection. No previous studies have been conducted regarding HIV treatment adherence in Guinea-Bissau. In this study we assessed barriers and facilitators to patient ART adherence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 adult, HIV infected individuals receiving ART at a HIV treatment centre in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. The grounded th…
Determinants of vitamin a deficiency in children between 6 months and 2 years of age in Guinea-Bissau
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00514891
The social situation of motherless children in rural and urban areas of Guinea-Bissau
The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography
Introduction: Approaches to Anthropological Demography 1. Methodological Advances in Studying the Social Context of AIDS in Africa 2. Participant Observation in Demographic Research: Fieldwork Experiences in a Ghanaian Community 3. Using Qualitative Data for Understanding Old-Age Security and Fertility 4. Anthropological Insights into the Links between Women's Status and Demographic Behaviour, Illustrated with the Notions of Hypergamy and Territo…
The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography
Abstract This book is an outcome of a workshop organized by the Scientific Committee on Anthropological Demography of the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. When the committee began its term in 1992, it felt that it needed to first make some formal attempt to define the scope of anthropological demography and develop not so much a manual as a guiding text to attract more demographers to this relatively new but potentially…
The methods and uses of anthropological demography
x, 329 p. : 24 cm
Assumptions and contradictions in measles and measles immunization research
Can rapid anthropological procedures be applied to tropical diseases
Anthropological methods have been introduced into rapid assessment procedures (RAP) for a number of diseases and related health issues. This paper examines the suitability of this approach for health research in countries where tropical diseases are endemic. Adjustments to conventional methods are necessary, given the limited time in the field, and the need to ensure the validity and reliability of data. Although rapid assessment has certain shor…
An epidemic in the field? Rapid assessment procedures and health research
Introduction of measles into a highly immunised West African community
In an urban area of Guinea-Bissau, where more than 80% of the children have been vaccinated, measles continues to be a major cause of child mortality. Compared with the period before the introduction of vaccination, more cases occur outside the community, while more cases within the district are now guests and newcomers. Half of the new introductions of measles into the community and 30% of the measles deaths can be traced back to the paediatric …
Les hommes sont-ils plus faibles ou leurs soeurs parlent-elles trop ? essai sur la transmission des maladies infectieuses
Les hommes sont-ils plus faibles ou leurs soeurs parlent-elles trop ? essai sur la transmission des maladies infectieuses. Un article de la revue Anthropologie et Sociétés (Été 83 (L'anthropologie en liberté)) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit
Is God an American? An Anthropological Perspective on the Missionary Work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics
An epidemic in the field? Rapid assessment procedures and health research
Can rapid anthropological procedures be applied to tropical diseases
Anthropological methods have been introduced into rapid assessment procedures (RAP) for a number of diseases and related health issues. This paper examines the suitability of this approach for health research in countries where tropical diseases are endemic. Adjustments to conventional methods are necessary, given the limited time in the field, and the need to ensure the validity and reliability of data. Although rapid assessment has certain shor…
The social situation of motherless children in rural and urban areas of Guinea-Bissau
The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography
Introduction: Approaches to Anthropological Demography 1. Methodological Advances in Studying the Social Context of AIDS in Africa 2. Participant Observation in Demographic Research: Fieldwork Experiences in a Ghanaian Community 3. Using Qualitative Data for Understanding Old-Age Security and Fertility 4. Anthropological Insights into the Links between Women's Status and Demographic Behaviour, Illustrated with the Notions of Hypergamy and Territo…
Engels and Women
Assumptions and contradictions in measles and measles immunization research
Introduction of measles into a highly immunised West African community
In an urban area of Guinea-Bissau, where more than 80% of the children have been vaccinated, measles continues to be a major cause of child mortality. Compared with the period before the introduction of vaccination, more cases occur outside the community, while more cases within the district are now guests and newcomers. Half of the new introductions of measles into the community and 30% of the measles deaths can be traced back to the paediatric …
Is God an American? An Anthropological Perspective on the Missionary Work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics
Engels and Women
Is God an American? An Anthropological Perspective on the Missionary Work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics
Les hommes sont-ils plus faibles ou leurs soeurs parlent-elles trop ? essai sur la transmission des maladies infectieuses
Les hommes sont-ils plus faibles ou leurs soeurs parlent-elles trop ? essai sur la transmission des maladies infectieuses. Un article de la revue Anthropologie et Sociétés (Été 83 (L'anthropologie en liberté)) diffusée par la plateforme Érudit
Is God an American? An Anthropological Perspective on the Missionary Work of the Summer Institute of Linguistics
Introduction of measles into a highly immunised West African community
In an urban area of Guinea-Bissau, where more than 80% of the children have been vaccinated, measles continues to be a major cause of child mortality. Compared with the period before the introduction of vaccination, more cases occur outside the community, while more cases within the district are now guests and newcomers. Half of the new introductions of measles into the community and 30% of the measles deaths can be traced back to the paediatric …
Can rapid anthropological procedures be applied to tropical diseases
Anthropological methods have been introduced into rapid assessment procedures (RAP) for a number of diseases and related health issues. This paper examines the suitability of this approach for health research in countries where tropical diseases are endemic. Adjustments to conventional methods are necessary, given the limited time in the field, and the need to ensure the validity and reliability of data. Although rapid assessment has certain shor…
An epidemic in the field? Rapid assessment procedures and health research
Assumptions and contradictions in measles and measles immunization research
The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography
Abstract This book is an outcome of a workshop organized by the Scientific Committee on Anthropological Demography of the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. When the committee began its term in 1992, it felt that it needed to first make some formal attempt to define the scope of anthropological demography and develop not so much a manual as a guiding text to attract more demographers to this relatively new but potentially…
The methods and uses of anthropological demography
x, 329 p. : 24 cm
The Methods and Uses of Anthropological Demography
Introduction: Approaches to Anthropological Demography 1. Methodological Advances in Studying the Social Context of AIDS in Africa 2. Participant Observation in Demographic Research: Fieldwork Experiences in a Ghanaian Community 3. Using Qualitative Data for Understanding Old-Age Security and Fertility 4. Anthropological Insights into the Links between Women's Status and Demographic Behaviour, Illustrated with the Notions of Hypergamy and Territo…
The social situation of motherless children in rural and urban areas of Guinea-Bissau
Barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients with HIV in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
Adherence is a decisive factor in achieving a successful response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection. No previous studies have been conducted regarding HIV treatment adherence in Guinea-Bissau. In this study we assessed barriers and facilitators to patient ART adherence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 adult, HIV infected individuals receiving ART at a HIV treatment centre in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. The grounded th…
Determinants of vitamin a deficiency in children between 6 months and 2 years of age in Guinea-Bissau
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00514891
BCG coverage and barriers to BCG vaccination in Guinea-Bissau
BCG coverage during the first months of life is low in Guinea-Bissau. Providing BCG at monthly vaccination visits removes the risk factors associated with delayed BCG vaccination
Cost-effectiveness of providing measles vaccination to all children in Guinea-Bissau
BACKGROUND: Measles vaccination is associated with major reductions in child mortality and morbidity. In Guinea-Bissau, to limit vaccine wastage, children are only measles-vaccinated if at least six children aged 9-11 months are present at a vaccination session. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness of providing measles vaccine (MV) to all children regardless of age and number of children present. METHODS: We estimated MV cove…
Research protocol of two concurrent cluster-randomized trials
NCT03460002
Seasonal variation in the non-specific effects of BCG vaccination on neonatal mortality
The BCG vaccine protects non-specifically against other diseases than tuberculosis. Three randomised controlled trials of early BCG in Guinea-Bissau found a 38% reduction in all-cause neonatal mortality. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In Guinea-Bissau, prevalent infectious diseases display distinct seasonality. Revisiting the three trials (>6500 infants) comparing early BCG versus no early BCG in low weight infants on all-cause …
BCG skin reactions by 2 months of age are associated with better survival in infancy
INTRODUCTION: Receiving Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Denmark vaccine at birth has been associated with ~40% reductions in all-cause neonatal mortality. We evaluated determinants of BCG skin reaction characteristics by age 2 months and tested the association with subsequent mortality. METHODS: Prospective observational study amalgamating five trials providing BCG-at-birth that were conducted between 2002 and 2018 in Guinea-Bissau. The reaction st…
The Covid-19 pandemic
It is very exceptional that a new disease becomes a true pandemic. Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread to nearly all countries of the world in only a few months. However, in different countries, the COVID-19 epidemic takes variable shapes and forms in how it affects communities. Until now, the insights gained on COVID-19 have be…
Complete and on-time routine childhood immunisation
Background: Completion of the full series of childhood vaccines on-time is crucial to ensuring greater protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. Aim: To examine determinants of complete and on-time vaccination and evaluate the relationship between vaccination patterns and severe morbidity outcomes. Subjects and methods: Vaccination information from infants in Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System was used to evaluate ful…
Disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy for BCG vaccine in Guinea-Bissau
OBJECTIVE: BCG vaccination is frequently delayed in low-income countries. Restrictive vial-opening policies, where a vial of BCG vaccine is not opened for few children, are a major reason for delay. During delays, children are unprotected against tuberculosis (TB) and deprived of non-specific effects of BCG. We assessed the potential effect and cost-effectiveness of disregarding the restrictive vial-opening policy, on TB and all-cause mortality, …
The mortality effects of disregarding the strategy to save doses of measles vaccine
INTRODUCTION: Measles vaccine (MV) may improve health beyond measles protection. To avoid wastage from multi-dose vials, children in Guinea-Bissau are only measles vaccinated when aged 9-11 months and when six or more children are present. We assessed health impacts of providing MV to all measles-unvaccinated children 9-35 months. METHODS: We cluster-randomised 182 village clusters under demographic surveillance in rural Guinea-Bissau to an 'MV-f…
The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries
Background Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) is one of the leading causes of bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide a better understanding of the genetic characteristics and transmission patterns associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) iNTS serovars across the continent. Methods A total of 166 iNTS isolates collected from a multi-centre surveillance in 10 African countries (2010–2014) and a fever study in Ghana (2007–200…
One vaccine to counter many diseases? Modeling the economics of oral polio vaccine against child mortality and Covid-19
Introduction: Recent reviews summarize evidence that some vaccines have heterologous or non-specific effects (NSE), potentially offering protection against multiple pathogens. Numerous economic evaluations examine vaccines' pathogen-specific effects, but less than a handful focus on NSE. This paper addresses that gap by reporting economic evaluations of the NSE of oral polio vaccine (OPV) against under-five mortality and COVID-19. Materials and m…
Medicine (19 obras) · Environmental health (14 obras) · Immune responses and vaccinations (12 obras) · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy (11 obras) · Demography (10 obras) · Pediatrics (10 obras) · Sociology (9 obras) · New guinea (8 obras) · Vaccination (8 obras) · Virology (8 obras)