Thomas Pogge
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 127997 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Thomas Pogge |
| NOMBRES | Thomas |
| APELLIDO | Pogge |
| FIRMA | POGGE T |
| AFILIACIONES | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9081-1314 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 97 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 572 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 83 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 14 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1988 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Parochialism, plutocracy, philanthropy and global justice
Política interna mundial
Las sociedades más avanzadas de la actualidad se estructuran en torno a tres elementos normativos: el Estado de derecho, la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas básicas y la limitación de las desigualdades. Estos elementos están profundamente arraigados en la cultura, hasta el punto de que se espera que los ciudadanos subordinen plenamente sus diversos intereses y valores personales a un compromiso con el funcionamiento justo y equitativo de s…
Just Rules for Innovative Pharmaceuticals
Globalized in 1995 through the TRIPs Agreement, humanity’s dominant mechanism for encouraging innovations involves 20-year product patents, whose monopoly features enable innovators to reap large markups or licensing fees from early users. Exclusive reliance on this reward mechanism in the pharmaceutical sector is morally problematic for two main reasons. First, it imposes a great burden on poor people who cannot afford to buy patented treatments…
Avoiding Global Pandemic Injustice
COVID -19 has highlighted the failure of the current monopoly market system of pharmaceutical industries to efficiently and equitably distribute lifesaving health commodities in a pandemic. The pre-purchasing of COVID -19 vaccines in 2021 by high income countries (outside of the global coordinated effort called the COVAX facility) has led to inequitable access to vaccines globally. This may have contributed to the development of new COVID -19 var…
A new deal after Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed grave structural faults in our global institutional architecture. We argue that political energies should now be focused on three main areas where transformative reorganizations are realistically achievable. In global health, we propose that monopoly patents be complemented by health impact rewards as an optional alternative incentive for developing and supplying innovative pharmaceuticals. To slow global warmin…
World Poverty and Human Rights
A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy
The Incoherence Between Rawls’s Theories of Justice
This chapter aims to show that John Rawls's international theory is in various ways incoherent with his domestic theory of justice. In A Theory of Justice, Rawls offers his account of domestic justice, meant to provide moral guidance for the assessment, design, and reform of the institutional order of one society. The structural difference between the tasks Rawls assigns to the parties in his domestic and international original positions is assoc…
Fighting global poverty
Many different indicators are used to monitor poverty and poverty-related deprivations. Two kinds of legitimacy worries may arise about any such indicator: one regarding its reliability as a measure of progress and another regarding the uses to which it is being put. This essay will touch upon both worries, beginning with the latter
Absolute Poverty and Global Justice
Assessing the sustainable development goals from a human rights perspective
Though they improve upon the millennium development goals (MDGs), the new sustainable development goals (SDGs) have important draw-backs. First, in assessing present deprivations, they draw our attention to historical comparisons. Yet, that things were even worse before is morally irrelevant; what matters is how much better things could be now. Second, like the MDGs, the SDGs fail to specify any division of labor to ensure success. Therefore, sho…
Justice
Ebola and the need for restructuring pharmaceutical incentives
The West African Ebola epidemic has created market demand for the rapid development of vaccines and therapeutics, but the current global patent system does not ensure that the poor will have access to these products
Ebola and the need for restructuring pharmaceutical incentives
The Sustainable Development Goals
Despite some clear positives, the draft text of the Sustainable Development Goals does not fulfill its self-proclaimed purpose of inspiring and guiding a concerted international effort to eradicate severe poverty everywhere in all of its forms. We offer some critical comments on the proposed agreement and suggest 10 ways to embolden the goals and amplify their appeal and moral power. While it may well be true that the world's poor are better off …
Dignity and global justice
Dignity is not an independently existing thing, but an attribute – of human beings, for example. It is essential to our notion of dignity that it has two distinct but related meanings. Using one meaning, we say that each human being has an inherent dignity, which is inalienable and equal for all. Using the other meaning, we say that the dignity of human beings is precarious and stands in need of social protection.
Poverty, Hunger, and Cosmetic Progress
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How Should Human Rights Be Conceived
Politics as Usual
Hacer justicia a la humanidad
Global justice
Global Justice brings together a collection of groundbreaking philosophical essays - written by some of the world's most distinguished moral and political theorists - that address the most important moral issues of our time.Topics covered in this compelling volume include: human rights; national and multicultural identities; poverty, and the effectiveness of charity; racial and gender equality; justice and international relations; democracy and t…
Thomas Pogge and His Critics
Introduction Alison M. Jaggar 1.Philosophy, Social Science, Global Poverty Joshua Cohen 2.Rights, Harm, and Institutions Kok-Chor Tan 3.'How much is enough Mr Thomas? How much will ever be enough?' Neera Chandhoke 4.What Negative Duties? Which Moral Universalism? Jiwei Ci 5.Non-Egalitarian Global Fairness Erin I. Kelly and Lionel K. McPherson 6.Realistic Reform of International Trade in Resources Leif Wenar 7.Realizing (Through Racializing) Pogge…
Politics as Usual
Worldwide, human lives are rapidly improving. Education, health–care, technology, and political participation are becoming ever more universal, empowering human beings everywhere to enjoy security, economic sufficiency, equal citizenship, and a life in dignity. To be sure, there are some specially difficult areas disfavoured by climate, geography, local diseases, unenlightened cultures or political tyranny. Here progress is slow, and there may be…
World Poverty and Human Rights
How Not to Count the Poor
What has been happening to the living standards of poor people in the world lies at the heart of the globalization debate. Indeed, as Amartya Sen has recently argued, the real concern of the so-called "anti-globalization" protestors is surely not globalization per se, for these protests are amongst the most globalized events in the modern world; rather, their concerns seem to stem in large part from the continuing deprivations and rising disparit…
World Poverty and Human Rights
Despite a high and growing global average income, billions of human beings are still condemned to life long severe poverty, with all its attendant evils of low life expectancy, social exclusion, ill health, illiteracy, dependency, and effective enslavement. The annual death toll from poverty-related causes is around 18 million, or one-third of all human deaths, which adds up to approximately 270 million deaths since the end of the Cold War
An Egalitarian Law of Peoples
Severe Poverty as a Violation of Negative Duties
Mathias Risse discusses whether the global system of territorial sovereignty that emerged in the fifteenth century can be said to harm the poorer societies. This question is distinct from the question I raise in my book—namely, whether present citizens of the affluent countries, in collusion with the ruling elites of most poor countries, are harming the global poor. These questions are different, because present citizens of the affluent countries…
On the Site of Distributive Justice
Moral Universalism and Global Economic Justice
Moral universalism centrally involves the idea that the moral assessment of persons and their conduct, of social rules and states of affairs, must be based on fundamental principles that do not, explicitly or covertly, discriminate arbitrarily against particular persons or groups. This general idea is explicated in terms of three conditions. It is then applied to the discrepancy between our criteria of national and global economic justice. Most c…
Assessing the sustainable development goals from a human rights perspective
Though they improve upon the millennium development goals (MDGs), the new sustainable development goals (SDGs) have important draw-backs. First, in assessing present deprivations, they draw our attention to historical comparisons. Yet, that things were even worse before is morally irrelevant; what matters is how much better things could be now. Second, like the MDGs, the SDGs fail to specify any division of labor to ensure success. Therefore, sho…
Recognized and Violated by International Law
Various human rights are widely recognized in codified and customary international law. These human rights promise all human beings protection against specific severe harms that might be inflicted on them domestically or by foreigners. Yet international law also establishes and maintains institutional structures that greatly contribute to violations of these human rights: fundamental components of international law systematically obstruct the asp…
Achieving Democracy
Overcoming corruption and authoritarian government in developing countries is hampered by global institutional arrangements. In particular, international borrowing and resource privileges, which entitle those exercising power in a country to borrow in its name and to effect legally valid transfers of ownership rights in its resources, can be obstacles to achieving democracy. These international conventions greatly increase the incentives toward a…
How We Count Hunger Matters
Hunger continues to be one of humanity's greatest challenges despite the existence of a more-than-adequate global food supply equal to 2,800 kilocalories for every person every day. In measuring progress, policy-makers and concerned citizens across the globe rely on information supplied by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), an agency of the United Nations. In 2010 the FAO reported that in the wake of the 2007–2008 food-price spikes and …
Rawls on International Justice
Rawls on International Justice The Law of Peoples. By John Rawls. ( Harvard UP, 1999. Pp. viii + 199. Price £15.50.) Thomas W. Pogge Thomas W. Pogge Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 51, Issue 203, April 2001, Pages 246–253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-8094.2001.00228.x Published: 12 January 2004
Uma proposta de reforma
As privações sofridas pelas pessoas mais pobres dos países pobres devem ser entendidas, não como eventos pelos quais os mundialmente mais privilegiados não têm nenhuma responsabilidade, e sim como injustiças produzidas por uma estrutura institucional comum. A erradicação dessas privações, em conseqüência, depende de uma reforma nas instituições (sobretudo econômicas) globais. O artigo argumenta em favor de uma das propostas de reforma que têm sid…
Cosmopolitanism
David Miller is right that weak cosmopolitanism is undistinctive and strong cosmopolitanism implausibly curtails associative duties. But there are intermediate views that avoid both of these problems. One such view holds that compatriotism makes no difference to our most important negative duties and that among these is the duty not to impose unjust social institutions upon other human beings. On this view, our duty not to impose an unjust instit…
Is Kant's Rechtslehre Comprehensive
Creating Supra‐National Institutions Democratically
Justice and the Convention on Biological Diversity
Justice and the Convention on Biological Diversity Doris Schroeder and Thomas Pogge Benefit sharing as envisaged by the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a relatively new idea in international law. Within the context of non-human biological resources, it aims to guarantee the conservation of biodiversity and its sustainable use by ensuring that its custodians are adequately rewarded for its preservation. Prior to the adoption of th…
Making War on Terrorists—Reflections on Harming the Innocent
The Sustainable Development Goals
Despite some clear positives, the draft text of the Sustainable Development Goals does not fulfill its self-proclaimed purpose of inspiring and guiding a concerted international effort to eradicate severe poverty everywhere in all of its forms. We offer some critical comments on the proposed agreement and suggest 10 ways to embolden the goals and amplify their appeal and moral power. While it may well be true that the world's poor are better off …
Responsibilities for Poverty-Related Ill Health
In a democratic society, the social rules are imposed by all upon each. As “recipients” of the rules, we tend to think that they should be designed to engender the best attainable distribution of goods and ills or quality of life. We are inclined to assess social institutions by how they affect their participants. But there is another, oft-neglected perspective which the topic of health equity raises with special clarity: As imposers of the rules…
Relational Conceptions of Justice
Numa sociedade democrática, as regras sociais são impostas a cada um por todos. Como “recebedores” de tais regras, tendemos a pensar que elas deviam ser designadas para engendrar a melhor distribuição possível de bens e males ou qualidade de vida. Enquanto autores das regras, tendemos a pensar que os malefícios por nós impostos através de tais regras têm maior peso moral que os danos que nós meramente deixamos de evitar ou mitigar. Embora as atua…
Parochialism, plutocracy, philanthropy and global justice
Outreach, Impact, Collaboration
This article offer reasons why academics should feel compelled to play a more direct role in the alleviation of global poverty, specifically through participation in a new international network, Academics Stand Against Poverty (ASAP). Academics have the specialized training and knowledge, and the societal role, that make them particularly well equipped to make a significant contribution. They also have responsibilities to answer sometimes spuriou…
The Health Impact Fund
Some 18 million people die annually from poverty-related causes. Many more are suffering grievously from treatable medical conditions. These burdens can be substantially reduced by supplementing the rules governing pharmaceutical innovation. Established by the World Trade Organization's TRIPS Agreement, these rules cause advanced medicines to be priced beyond the reach of the poor and steer medical research away from diseases concentrated among t…
Achieving Democracy
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Para erradicar a pobreza sistêmica
A atual apropriação da riqueza de nosso planeta é muito desigual. As classes economicamente favorecidas utilizam muitíssimo mais os recursos mundiais, e o fazem de forma unilateral, sem dar qualquer compensação às classes menos favorecidas por seu consumo desproporcional. Invocando três diferentes razões da injustiça - o efeito das instituições sociais compartilhadas, a exclusão não compensada do uso dos recursos naturais e os efeitos de uma hist…
Rawls and Global Justice
This Bible quotation can be understood as a rudimentary conception of personal morality, affirming that the moral assessment of your (anyone’s) life depends, in part, upon your conduct toward your least fortunate neighbors. But a conception of personal morality does not capture all that matters morally about our lives - we must also consider our social institutions. These may be morally flawed; for example, they may define positions of utter depe…
Kant's Theory of Justice
A Treatise of Social Justice, Vol. I
Loopholes in Moralities
Cosmopolitanism and Sovereignty
An Egalitarian Law of Peoples
Uma proposta de reforma
As privações sofridas pelas pessoas mais pobres dos países pobres devem ser entendidas, não como eventos pelos quais os mundialmente mais privilegiados não têm nenhuma responsabilidade, e sim como injustiças produzidas por uma estrutura institucional comum. A erradicação dessas privações, em conseqüência, depende de uma reforma nas instituições (sobretudo econômicas) globais. O artigo argumenta em favor de uma das propostas de reforma que têm sid…
Utilitarianism and Equality
Eine globale Rohstoffdividende
We live in a world of radical inequality: Hundreds of millions suffer severe, lifelong poverty. Many others are quite well off and affluent enough significantly to improve the lives of the global poor. Does this radical inequality constitute an injustice in which we are involved? An affirmative answer finds broad support in different strands of the Western moral tradition, which also support the same program of institutional reform. This reform c…
Migration and Poverty
Many privileged and influential persons and governments hold that they have no weighty moral responsibility toward foreigners in desperate need. I have attacked this view elsewhere, arguing that we do have such a responsibility.1 Of those who accept a weighty responsibility toward needy foreigners, most advocate that more such persons be admitted into the richer states and that more be done to ensure that those already here gain equal citizenship…
Creating Supra‐National Institutions Democratically
Is Kant's Rechtslehre Comprehensive
Take and Give
Transition to Democracy
On the Site of Distributive Justice
Introduction
What We Can Reasonably Reject 1
Eradicating Systemic Poverty
Article 25: Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care. Article 28: Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) In two earlier essays (Pogge, 1994, 1998a), I have sketched and defended th…
Priorities of Global Justice
One‐third of all human deaths are due to poverty‐related causes, to malnutrition and to diseases that can be prevented or cured cheaply. Yet our politicians, academics, and mass media show little concern for how such poverty might be reduced. They are more interested in possible military interventions to stop human rights violations in developing countries, even though such interventions – at best – produce smaller benefits at greater cost. This …
Achieving Democracy
Overcoming corruption and authoritarian government in developing countries is hampered by global institutional arrangements. In particular, international borrowing and resource privileges, which entitle those exercising power in a country to borrow in its name and to effect legally valid transfers of ownership rights in its resources, can be obstacles to achieving democracy. These international conventions greatly increase the incentives toward a…
Relational Conceptions of Justice
Numa sociedade democrática, as regras sociais são impostas a cada um por todos. Como “recebedores” de tais regras, tendemos a pensar que elas deviam ser designadas para engendrar a melhor distribuição possível de bens e males ou qualidade de vida. Enquanto autores das regras, tendemos a pensar que os malefícios por nós impostos através de tais regras têm maior peso moral que os danos que nós meramente deixamos de evitar ou mitigar. Embora as atua…
Rawls on International Justice
Rawls on International Justice Get access The Law of Peoples. By John Rawls. ( Harvard UP, 1999. Pp. viii + 199. Price £15.50.) Thomas W. Pogge Thomas W. Pogge Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 51, Issue 203, April 2001, Pages 246–253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-8094.2001.00228.x Published: 12 January 200…
Rawls on International Justice
Rawls on International Justice The Law of Peoples. By John Rawls. ( Harvard UP, 1999. Pp. viii + 199. Price £15.50.) Thomas W. Pogge Thomas W. Pogge Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, and Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 51, Issue 203, April 2001, Pages 246–253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-8094.2001.00228.x Published: 12 January 2004
Is Kant’s Rechtslehre a ‘Comprehensive Liberalism’?
Beginning in 1985,John Rawls has repeatedly emphasized that modern, pluralistic societies should be structured in accordance with a political conception of justice. In doing so, he has insisted that his own liberalism should be understood as political, in contrast to the comprehensive liberalisms of Kant and Mill. While this refinement in Rawls’s position has been discussed by many, his characterization of Kant’s liberalism as comprehensive has n…
Can the Capability Approach Be Justified
During the past 25 years, the capability approach, developed by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, has come to play a major role in political philosophy and normative economics. This approach has gained much support, among academics as well as among international agencies and non-governmental organizations, at the expense of competing resourcist and welfarist approaches exemplified, respectively, by John Rawls s theory and utilitarianism
Political science (77 obras) · Law (72 obras) · Sociology (64 obras) · Political Philosophy and Ethics (54 obras) · Philosophy (50 obras) · Politics (38 obras) · Epistemology (32 obras) · Economics (31 obras) · Economic Justice (29 obras) · Poverty (29 obras)