Karine Chemla
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 129643 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Karine Chemla |
| NOMBRES | Karine |
| APELLIDO | Chemla |
| FIRMA | CHEMLA K |
| AFILIACIONES | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2625-5736 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 39 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 14 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 6 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1986 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Shaping the Sciences of the Ancient and Medieval World
Shaping the Sciences of the Ancient and Medieval World
How Do Excavated Manuscripts and Transmitted Canons and Commentaries Shed Light on Each Other? An Outlook From Mathematics
Before the mathematical manuscript titled Writings on Mathematical Procedures ( Suanshu shu 筭數書) was found at Zhangjiashan, historians of mathematics could trace mathematics in early imperial China only on the basis of the received canonical literature, notably The Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures ( Jiuzhang suanshu 九章算術). After the Zhangjiashan and other mathematical manuscripts were found, they were mainly compared with The Nine Chapter…
Forward ... to the nineteenth century
In this response I argue that Netz' essay adopts nineteenth-century theses on the history of mathematics, one of the uses of which was to highlight an alleged difference between Europe and “the others”. The debasement of certain facets of mathematical work devoted to numbers and computation has played a key role in perpetuating these theses. Such a devaluation applies notably to decimal place-value numeration systems, which Reviel perceives as re…
Thirteen scholars reply to Reviel Netz’s ‘The Place of Archimedes in World History’
This introduction to the issue of Interdisciplinary Science Reviews outlines the rules of the game on which all contributors agreed. Thirteen scholars have responded to a root essay written by Reviel Netz, under the title ‘The Place of Archimedes in World History.’ The introduction outlines the main lines of the arguments they put forward
Mathematics, Administrative and Economic Activities in Ancient Worlds
Mathematics, Administrative and Economic Activities in Ancient Worlds
Reading instructions of the past, classifying them, and reclassifying them
This essay approaches the knowledge required to write up and use instructions with a specific method. It relies on specific procedures taken from the Chinese canon The Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures (九章算術), which, in the author's view, was completed in the first century CE. These procedures enabled readers to do things. To analyse the type of knowledge required to produce these texts of procedures and to use them, the essay puts into pl…
On the Diagrammaticity of Ancient Texts and Its Importance for the History of Science
Even when ancient texts consist simply of discourse, they are available to historians through documents in which they are displayed with diagrammatic features (e.g., lines, columns, paragraphs, sections). Usually these diagrammatic features are not mentioned in critical editions, which often even reshape them. With the example of the Chinese mathematical canonical text The Gnomon of the Zhou, this article argues that these diagrammatic features s…
The Continuation of Ancient Mathematics
The Continuation of Ancient Mathematics: Wang Xiatong’s Jigu suanjing, Algebra, and Geometry in 7th-Century China, written by Tina Su Lyn Lim and Donald B. Wagner, 2017" published on 04 Sep 2020 by Brill
Needham and the Issue of Chinese as a Language for Science
Volume 7 of Joseph Needham’s Science and Civilisation in China (SCC) gives the issue of Chinese language in scientific practice pride of place. Its arguments are mainly devised to oppose views, put forward by Marcel Granet in 1920 and then by Derk Bodde in the 1970s, to the effect that the Chinese script (for Granet) or “literary Chinese” (for Bodde) impeded the development of science. The essay outlines the way in which Christoph Harbsmeier, in …
Different clusters of text from ancient China, different mathematical ontologies
Sources attesting to mathematical activities in ancient China form at least four distinct clusters of texts, bespeaking at least four different-though overlapping-ways of practicing mathematics. I will focus on two such sets of documents: the canons that in the seventh century constituted one of the two curricula taught in the Imperial "School of Mathematics," and manuscripts recently excavated from tombs sealed in the last centuries BCE. I will …
Writing in Turns
Refining our previous study in Jianbo 簡帛 12 (2016), this article examines the back-and-forth between scribal hands in the Suan shu shu 筭數書 from Zhangjiashan 張家山 M247 (sealed ≥186 b.c.e.). Introducing an improved methodology, we establish a link between one of the Suan shu shu's scriptors and four other manuscripts in the same tomb, offering a hand-informed reading of the former to hypothesize what this means. 以《簡帛》第12輯(2016 年)的原作爲基礎,本文對張家山247號漢墓《…
The Oxford Handbook of Generality in Mathematics and the Sciences
This handbook examines how actors have valued generality in mathematics and the sciences and how they worked with specific types of “general” entities, procedures, and arguments. It argues that actors have shaped these various types of generality, mainly by introducing specific terminologies to distinguish between different levels or forms of generality, as well as designing means to work with them, or to work in relation to them. The book is org…
What Can Be Derived from Evelyn Fox Keller's Article about Scientific Cultures? Some Thoughts about Language and Scientific Activity
East Asian Science, Technology and Society: an International Journal - Volume 11, Number 3, September 2017
The Oxford Handbook of Generality in Mathematics and the Sciences
Reading The History Manifesto as a Historian of Mathematics in Ancient China
The History Manifesto invites historians to consider the social and political responsibilities attached to their profession. This general concern is equally meaningful for the field of history and for the history and philosophy of science and technology. The specific concerns that motivate Jo Guldi and David Armitage lead them to advocate the "longue durée" and to insist primarily on social inequality, climate change, and governance. The concern …
Prologue
Texts, Textual Acts and the History of Science
Changes and Continuities in the Use of Diagrams Tu in Chinese Mathematical Writings (Third Century to Fourteenth Century) [I]
International audience
Changes and Continuities in the Use of Diagrams Tu in Chinese Mathematical Writings (Third Century to Fourteenth Century) [I]
This article aims at highlighting a radical change in the materiality of tu between the time when they were first mentioned in Chinese mathematical texts in the third century commentaries on Canons and the thirteenth century, from which there are abundant illustrations in treatises. Moreover, it intends to highlight that the meaning of the word tu 圖, as used in mathematical writings, greatly changed over the same time span. It argues that third c…
Apprendre à lire
L'exercice de démonstration fait en général l'objet de pratiques , il se travaille, se communique, par le biais de types de textes , tous deux - pratiques comme types de textes - mis au point par des collectifs. Les démonstrations ne peuvent donc être identifiées, interprétées, pour pouvoir être ensuite analysées, qu'à condition de se préoccuper de restituer cette pratique et de se pencher sur les modalités de sa mise en texte. Telle est la thèse…
La démonstration comme élément de pratique mathématique
L'exercice de démonstration fait en général l'objet de pratiques, il se travaille, se communique, par le biais de types de textes, tous deux - pratiques comme types de textes - mis au point par des collectifs. Les démonstrations ne peuvent donc être identifiées, interprétées, pour pouvoir être ensuite analysées, qu'à condition de se préoccuper de restituer cette pratique et de se pencher sur les modalités de sa mise en texte. Telle est la thèse q…
Artificial Languages in the Mathematics of Ancient China
La généralité, valeur épistémologique fondamentale des mathématiques de la Chine ancienne
Chemla Karine. La généralité, valeur épistémologique fondamentale des mathématiques de la Chine ancienne. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 150e année, N. 4, 2006. pp. 1927-1960
History of Science, History of Text
This book explores the hypothesis that the types of inscription or text used by a given community of practitioners are designed in the very same process as the one producing concepts and results. The book sets out to show how, in exactly the same way as for the other outcomes of scientific activity, all kinds of factors, cognitive as well as cultural, technological, social or institutional, conjoin in shaping the various types of writings and tex…
What is at Stake in Mathematical Proofs from Third-Century China
The ArgumentTo highlight speculative trends specific to the mathematical tradition that developed in China, the paper analyzes an excerpt of a third-century commentary on a mathematical classic, which arguably contains a proof. The paper shows that the following three tasks cannot be dissociated one from the other: (1) to discuss how the ancient text should be read; (2) to describe the practice of mathematical proof to which this text bears witne…
Different clusters of text from ancient China, different mathematical ontologies
Sources attesting to mathematical activities in ancient China form at least four distinct clusters of texts, bespeaking at least four different-though overlapping-ways of practicing mathematics. I will focus on two such sets of documents: the canons that in the seventh century constituted one of the two curricula taught in the Imperial "School of Mathematics," and manuscripts recently excavated from tombs sealed in the last centuries BCE. I will …
Generality above Abstraction
ArgumentAbstraction is commonly valued as being essential to mathematics or even consubstantial with it. In relation to this belief, mathematical texts from Antiquity – be they from Babylon, Egypt, or China –, which are composed of seemingly concrete problems and algorithms solving them, have been considered to be practice-oriented and deprived of theory. This paper offers an alternative view on both issues. Relying on evidence given by third-cen…
Artificial Languages in the Mathematics of Ancient China
Histoire des sciences et matérialité des textes
L’article plaide pour une intensification des recherches du côté de la matérialité des sources en histoire des sciences. Le texte scientifique a une histoire spécifique que des travaux historiques portant sur les sciences se doivent de prendre en considération. D’une part, les scientifiques sont depuis longtemps attentifs aux dispositifs textuels qu’ils prennent pour objet de recherche. D’autre part, négliger la présentation matérielle des textes…
La tradition arabe de Diophante d'Alexandrie
Chemla Karine,Morelon Régis,Allard André. La tradition arabe de Diophante d'Alexandrie : à propos de quatre livres des Arithmétiques perdus en grec retrouvés en arabe. In: L'antiquité classique, Tome 55, 1986. pp. 351-375
Essai sur la signification mathématique des marqueurs de couleur chez Liu Hui (3ème siècle)
The commentator on the Han classic The Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures, Liu Hui (third century), uses five colour names in his commentary. These five names appear in two separate sets, each of which is found more than once linked with mathematical objects. I had previously suggested that the way of using the set constituted by the black and the crimson could have a specific mathematical meaning. In order to test this hypothesis, I turn i…
Adolf Pavlovitch Youschkevitch (1906–1993)
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Similarities between Chinese and Arabic Mathematical Writings
First century Chinese, fifth century Indian, and Arabic documents from the 9th century onwards, contain similar tabular procedures to extract square and cube roots on place-value numeration systems. Moreover, an 11th century Chinese astronomer, Jia Xian, as well as al-Samaw'al, a 12th century Arab mathematician, extracted roots of higher order with the so-called Ruffini-Horner procedure. This article attempts to define a textual method to organiz…
Histoire des sciences et matérialité des textes
L’article plaide pour une intensification des recherches du côté de la matérialité des sources en histoire des sciences. Le texte scientifique a une histoire spécifique que des travaux historiques portant sur les sciences se doivent de prendre en considération. D’une part, les scientifiques sont depuis longtemps attentifs aux dispositifs textuels qu’ils prennent pour objet de recherche. D’autre part, négliger la présentation matérielle des textes…
Les mathematiques japonaises a l'epoque d'Edo
Reflections on the World-wide History of the Rule of False Double Position, or
What is at Stake in Mathematical Proofs from Third-Century China
The ArgumentTo highlight speculative trends specific to the mathematical tradition that developed in China, the paper analyzes an excerpt of a third-century commentary on a mathematical classic, which arguably contains a proof. The paper shows that the following three tasks cannot be dissociated one from the other: (1) to discuss how the ancient text should be read; (2) to describe the practice of mathematical proof to which this text bears witne…
Paul tannery et joseph needham deux plaidoyers pour une histoire générale des sciences
Alors qu'ils présentent tous deux, sous l'impulsion de la tentative comtienne, des histoires globales des sciences, Paul Tannery et Joseph Needham mettent en place des cadres historiographiques de fait distincts. Tannery fonde son histoire générale sur la notion de civilisation, dont la science est un élément intégrant. L'outil méthodologique qu'il utilise pour dégager les traits saillants qui caractérisent une civilisation donnée à une époque do…
Generality above Abstraction
ArgumentAbstraction is commonly valued as being essential to mathematics or even consubstantial with it. In relation to this belief, mathematical texts from Antiquity – be they from Babylon, Egypt, or China –, which are composed of seemingly concrete problems and algorithms solving them, have been considered to be practice-oriented and deprived of theory. This paper offers an alternative view on both issues. Relying on evidence given by third-cen…
Penser par cas
Qu’est-ce que penser par cas ? Comment raisonne-t-on à partir de la description de configurations singulières et dans quelle mesure peut‐on prétendre généraliser à partir d’elles ? Le problème n’est pas nouveau. Les casuistiques morales, religieuses, juridiques, la démarche clinique associée à la tradition médicale en sont autant d’exemples attestés dans le long terme. De façons diverses, ces formes anciennes illustrent une voie qui diffère à la …
The Interplay Between Proof and Algorithm in 3rd Century China
What is the Content of This Book? A Plea for Developing History of Science and History of Text Conjointly
Geometrical Figures and Generality in Ancient China and Beyond
Argument This paper argues that there was a shift in China in the nature, and use, of geometrical figures between around the beginning of the Common Era and the third century. Moreover, I suggest that the emphasis mathematicians in ancient China placed on generality as a guiding theoretical value may account for this shift. To make this point, I first give a new interpretation of a text often discussed, which is part of the opening section of The…
History of Science, History of Text
This book explores the hypothesis that the types of inscription or text used by a given community of practitioners are designed in the very same process as the one producing concepts and results. The book sets out to show how, in exactly the same way as for the other outcomes of scientific activity, all kinds of factors, cognitive as well as cultural, technological, social or institutional, conjoin in shaping the various types of writings and tex…
Artificial Languages in the Mathematics of Ancient China
La généralité, valeur épistémologique fondamentale des mathématiques de la Chine ancienne
Chemla Karine. La généralité, valeur épistémologique fondamentale des mathématiques de la Chine ancienne. In: Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 150e année, N. 4, 2006. pp. 1927-1960
Apprendre à lire
L'exercice de démonstration fait en général l'objet de pratiques , il se travaille, se communique, par le biais de types de textes , tous deux - pratiques comme types de textes - mis au point par des collectifs. Les démonstrations ne peuvent donc être identifiées, interprétées, pour pouvoir être ensuite analysées, qu'à condition de se préoccuper de restituer cette pratique et de se pencher sur les modalités de sa mise en texte. Telle est la thèse…
La démonstration comme élément de pratique mathématique
L'exercice de démonstration fait en général l'objet de pratiques, il se travaille, se communique, par le biais de types de textes, tous deux - pratiques comme types de textes - mis au point par des collectifs. Les démonstrations ne peuvent donc être identifiées, interprétées, pour pouvoir être ensuite analysées, qu'à condition de se préoccuper de restituer cette pratique et de se pencher sur les modalités de sa mise en texte. Telle est la thèse q…
Changes and Continuities in the Use of Diagrams Tu in Chinese Mathematical Writings (Third Century to Fourteenth Century) [I]
International audience
Changes and Continuities in the Use of Diagrams Tu in Chinese Mathematical Writings (Third Century to Fourteenth Century) [I]
This article aims at highlighting a radical change in the materiality of tu between the time when they were first mentioned in Chinese mathematical texts in the third century commentaries on Canons and the thirteenth century, from which there are abundant illustrations in treatises. Moreover, it intends to highlight that the meaning of the word tu 圖, as used in mathematical writings, greatly changed over the same time span. It argues that third c…
Prologue
Texts, Textual Acts and the History of Science
The Oxford Handbook of Generality in Mathematics and the Sciences
Reading The History Manifesto as a Historian of Mathematics in Ancient China
The History Manifesto invites historians to consider the social and political responsibilities attached to their profession. This general concern is equally meaningful for the field of history and for the history and philosophy of science and technology. The specific concerns that motivate Jo Guldi and David Armitage lead them to advocate the "longue durée" and to insist primarily on social inequality, climate change, and governance. The concern …
Philosophy (29 obras) · Epistemology (21 obras) · History (20 obras) · Art (19 obras) · Computer Science (19 obras) · Mathematics (15 obras) · Linguistics (13 obras) · History of Science and Medicine (12 obras) · Literature (12 obras) · Philosophy (12 obras)