Murray J Leaf
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 130440 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Murray J Leaf |
| NOMBRES | Murray J |
| APELLIDO | Leaf |
| FIRMA | LEAF M J |
| AFILIACIONES | The University of Texas at Dallas |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 72 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1966 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Information and Behavior in a Sikh Village
Kinship, Genealogy, Objectivity, and Ethnocentrism
This describes the factual and epistemological mistakes leading to the collapse of anthropological interest in the scientific analysis of kinship and social organization in the 1980s, their persistence to the present, and the alternative that avoids them. The basic argument is that while kinship was and is a challenging topic, the reason for the collapse of kinship studies in response to David Schneider's criticism in 1987 had did not reflect tho…
Punjab’s ecological crisis
When the 'green revolution' began in Punjab in 1964, Punjab sprang to the front rank of Indian agricultural production. But since about 2000, it has been increasingly clear that the technology is leading to an encompassing ecological disaster. The reason for the change lies in the organizational framework. Born in a spirit of flexible egalitarian democracy, it is now dominated by rigid central authoritarianism that forces farmers to grow one crop…
Introduction to the Science of Kinship
In Introduction to the Science of Kinship, Murray J. Leaf and Dwight Read show how humans use specific systems of social ideas to organize their kinship relations and illustrate what this implies for the science of human social organization. Leaf and Read explain that every human society has multiple social organizations, each of which is associated with a distinct vocabulary. This vocabulary is associated with interrelated definitions of social …
Introduction to the Science of Kinship
In Introduction to the Science of Kinship, Murray J. Leaf and Dwight Read show how humans use specific systems of social ideas to organize their kinship relations and illustrate what this implies for the science of human social organization. Leaf and Read explain that every human society has multiple social organizations, each of which is associated with a distinct vocabulary. This vocabulary is associated with interrelated definitions of social …
Chapter 2 The Path to the Kinship Apocalypse
Introduction to the Science of Kinship
Cultural Heritage and the Challenge of Sustainability
The Recognition of Kinship Terminologies As Formal Systems
We now know what kinship terminologies are and what their function is in kinship systems, even though this knowledge is not yet widespread. Every social system consists of a set of organizations built up interactively by the use of specific idea systems: governmental systems are systems of organizations built up by the use of governmental ideas, military systems by the use of military ideas, economic systems by the use of economic ideas, and so o…
Human Thought and Social Organization
Human beings have two outstanding characteristics compared to all other species: the apparently enormous elaboration of our thought through language and symbolism and the elaboration of our forms of social organization. The view taken in Human Thought and Social Organization: Anthropology on a New Plane is that these are intimately interconnected. To understand this connection, the book compares the structure of the systems of thought that organi…
What Are Kinship Terminologies, and Why Do We Care? A Computational Approach to Analyzing Symbolic Domains
Kinship is a fundamental feature and basis of human societies. We describe a set of computational tools and services, and the logic that underlies these, developed to improve how we understand both the fundamental facts of kinship and how people use kinship as a resource in their lives. Mathematical formalism applied to cultural concepts is more than an exercise in model building, as it provides a way to represent and explore their logical consis…
Not God's Truth, Just Razzle-Dazzle
Indigenous Algorithms, Organizations, and Rationality
Experimental economics and bounded rationality are very different from one another, but both claim to offer a more general and more empirical type of economic theory. Experimental economists, in addition, claim that their game-theoretic analyses provide rigorous, calculable, inferences from individual decisions to society as a whole. They claim to be describing the basis of social stability, although the argument depends on a unitary conception o…
Empirical Formalism
The empirical status of formal systems of ideas is a crucial topic in the effort to establish a fully empirical anthropology. In anthropology, the dominant view of formal analysis, and the nature of formal structure, is derived from positivistic philosophy in general and logical positivism in particular. In this, "formal analysis" is identified with relationships that emerge from the imposition of arbitrary "analytic" categories on supposedly obj…
Michael Cernea's Excerpt
Experimental-Formal Analysis of Kinship
The experimental method, in its most important sense, is a prescription for conducting a system of experiments, each answering questions raised by others until the analysis seems complete. I previously published an experimental method for the field elicitation of kinship terminologies, but did not demonstrate the chain of experimental procedures by which the elicitation and final results are connected. These analyses show the logical structure of…
Land Reforms in India, Volume 6
Investigating Mind by Simulation
MURRAY J. LEAF is Professor of Anthropology and Political Economy at The University of Texas at Dallas. His principal area of interest is the relationship between the character and contents of human thought and social organization. Recent publications include Pragmatism and Development: the Prospect for Pluralist Transformation in the Third World (Westport: Bergen & Garvey, 1998), and “What is ‘Formal’ Analysis?” (in special issue of Cybernetics …
Culture and Agriculture
Post-Green Revolution Rural Punjab
Indian Agriculture and Agrarian Communities
Developing Rural India
The Violence of the Green Revolution
Introduction * 1. Science and Politics in the Green Revolution * 2. 'Miracle Seeds' and the Destruction of Genetic Diversity * 3. Chemical Fertilizers and Soil Fertility * 4. Intensive Irrigation, Large Dams and Water Conflicts * 5. The political and Cultural Costs of the Green Revolution * 6. Pepsico for peace? The Ecological and Political Risks of the Biotechnology Revolution * 7. The Seed and the Spinning Wheel: The Political Ecology of Techno…
The New Economics of India's Green Revolution
Frontiers of anthropology
The Punjabi Kinship Terminology as a Semantic System1
Analysis of kinship terminologies as semantic systems has been imbedded in two opposing theoretical frameworks, a "componential" framework that connects terminological sets to "biology" but divorces them from social structure, and a structuralist framework that integrates terms with structure but divorces them from biology. It is suggested that both difficulties are generated by considerations internal to the theories but exogenous to kinship ter…
Experimental-Formal Analysis of Kinship
The experimental method, in its most important sense, is a prescription for conducting a system of experiments, each answering questions raised by others until the analysis seems complete. I previously published an experimental method for the field elicitation of kinship terminologies, but did not demonstrate the chain of experimental procedures by which the elicitation and final results are connected. These analyses show the logical structure of…
The Green Revolution and Cultural Change in a Punjab Village, 1965-1978
Principles of Social Structure
Human Thought and Social Organization
Human beings have two outstanding characteristics compared to all other species: the apparently enormous elaboration of our thought through language and symbolism and the elaboration of our forms of social organization. The view taken in Human Thought and Social Organization: Anthropology on a New Plane is that these are intimately interconnected. To understand this connection, the book compares the structure of the systems of thought that organi…
The Punjab Crisis
The present Punjab crisis in India has been widely represented in the U.S. press as a religiously motivated drive for secession that threatens India's political unity. Given this definition, the actions of the central government might be viewed as brutal but hardly unjustified. This view is neither useful nor correct. It is not a conceptualization that will lead to a viable resolution of the actual conflicts, and it does not in any way accurately…
Man, Mind and Science
Information and Behavior in a Sikh Village
The author studied a Sikh village rural Punjab for an unspecified length of time 1964-65. From scattered remarks the book, it appear that he worked mostly with individual informants and suffered at least one interruption as a result of the Indo-Pakistan conflict (1965). He was evidently familiar with the spoken and written language used by villagers; neither assistance nor companionship during fieldwork is acknowledged. The behavior of villagers …
Irrigation and Authority in Rajasthan
S'interessant aux rapports qui existent entre la politique d'irrigation et le pouvoir, l'A. decrit les systemes de gestion d'irrigation du Rajasthan. Dans la zone nord orientale on pratique le « warabandi » (eau diffusee a tour de role et en fonction de la surface a cultiver) sans probleme majeur bien qu'il y ait concertation entre les divers interesses. Les terres de la zone du « laisser faire » connaissent une gestion plus hierarchique et autor…
Cultural Heritage and the Challenge of Sustainability
What Are Kinship Terminologies, and Why Do We Care? A Computational Approach to Analyzing Symbolic Domains
Kinship is a fundamental feature and basis of human societies. We describe a set of computational tools and services, and the logic that underlies these, developed to improve how we understand both the fundamental facts of kinship and how people use kinship as a resource in their lives. Mathematical formalism applied to cultural concepts is more than an exercise in model building, as it provides a way to represent and explore their logical consis…
The Recognition of Kinship Terminologies As Formal Systems
We now know what kinship terminologies are and what their function is in kinship systems, even though this knowledge is not yet widespread. Every social system consists of a set of organizations built up interactively by the use of specific idea systems: governmental systems are systems of organizations built up by the use of governmental ideas, military systems by the use of military ideas, economic systems by the use of economic ideas, and so o…
Empirical Formalism
The empirical status of formal systems of ideas is a crucial topic in the effort to establish a fully empirical anthropology. In anthropology, the dominant view of formal analysis, and the nature of formal structure, is derived from positivistic philosophy in general and logical positivism in particular. In this, "formal analysis" is identified with relationships that emerge from the imposition of arbitrary "analytic" categories on supposedly obj…
Baking and Roasting
A linguistico-semantic pattern associated with the designation of foods in English can be used in convenient classroom demonstrations of the concept of a cultural code and its importance
Tradition and Economy in Village India
The social, political and economic impact of the decline of the old colonial powers in Africa, India and the Middle East are still key areas of scholarly research and debate. Based on careful social observation and empirical research, these titles explore the tension between agriculture and industry in developing economies, and trace the complex political process of independence. Aimed at administrators and academics, these studies are central to…
The Punjabi Kinship Terminology as a Semantic System1
Analysis of kinship terminologies as semantic systems has been imbedded in two opposing theoretical frameworks, a "componential" framework that connects terminological sets to "biology" but divorces them from social structure, and a structuralist framework that integrates terms with structure but divorces them from biology. It is suggested that both difficulties are generated by considerations internal to the theories but exogenous to kinship ter…
Baking and Roasting
A linguistico-semantic pattern associated with the designation of foods in English can be used in convenient classroom demonstrations of the concept of a cultural code and its importance
Appendix
Information and Behavior in a Sikh Village
General and Theoretical
Information and Behavior in a Sikh Village
The author studied a Sikh village rural Punjab for an unspecified length of time 1964-65. From scattered remarks the book, it appear that he worked mostly with individual informants and suffered at least one interruption as a result of the Indo-Pakistan conflict (1965). He was evidently familiar with the spoken and written language used by villagers; neither assistance nor companionship during fieldwork is acknowledged. The behavior of villagers …
The Wild Man Within
When a Great Tradition Modernizes
Documenting social change
Tom G. Kessinger. Vilyatpur 1848–1968: Social and Economic Change in a North Indian Village. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974. xiii + 227 pp. Tables, maps, figures, glossary, and index. $12.00 Jan Breman. Patronage and Exploitation: Changing Agrarian Relations in South Gujarat, India. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974. xiii + 287 pp. Map, tables, glossary, bibliography, and index. $15.00
Information and Behavior in a Sikh Village
Kinship and Urbanization
Economic implications of the language issue
Principles of Social Structure
A History of Ethnology. Fred Voget
Class and Power in a Punjabi Village
Man, Mind, and Science a History of Anthropology
Kinship in Bengali Culture. Ronald B. Inden and RALPH W. Nicholas
General and Theoretical
The Green Revolution in a Punjab Village, 1965-1978
Man, Mind and Science
The Green Revolution and Cultural Change in a Punjab Village, 1965-1978
Punjabi Kinship and Marriage
Actions, Norms, and Representations
Preface Introduction 1. Anthropological data and social reality 2. Notions and actions 3. The notional domain of phenomena 4. The inference of notions 5. Normative notions 6. Representational notions 7. Actions, norms and representations References Index
The Punjab Crisis
The present Punjab crisis in India has been widely represented in the U.S. press as a religiously motivated drive for secession that threatens India's political unity. Given this definition, the actions of the central government might be viewed as brutal but hardly unjustified. This view is neither useful nor correct. It is not a conceptualization that will lead to a viable resolution of the actual conflicts, and it does not in any way accurately…
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