Luke C Mullany
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1445822 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Luke C Mullany |
| NOMBRES | Luke C |
| APELLIDO | Mullany |
| FIRMA | MULLANY L C |
| AFILIACIONES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4668-9803 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2003 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
The impact of enhancing nutrition and antenatal infection treatment on birth outcomes in Amhara, Ethiopia
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine the impact of antenatal interventions to optimise maternal nutrition and infection management on birth outcomes in Ethiopia. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic, open-label, 2×2 factorial randomised clinical effectiveness study among pregnant women enrolled <24 weeks gestation in 12 rural health centres in Amhara, Ethiopia. Eligible health centres were randomised to deliver an enhanced nutrition package (ENP) (ir…
Causes and risk factors for deaths in young infants in South Asia
INTRODUCTION: Strategies for reducing infant mortality require accurate, local, population-level data. We conducted a population-based observational study in three countries in South Asia to describe risk factors, causes and rates of mortality in young infants. METHODS: Pregnancies, births and pregnancy outcomes were determined through household surveillance, and cause of deaths was ascertained by verbal autopsy. Cox regression was used to identi…
Impact of topical applications of sunflower seed oil on neonatal mortality and morbidity in southern Nepal
INTRODUCTION: Hospital-based studies have demonstrated topical applications of sunflower seed oil (SSO) to skin of preterm infants can reduce nosocomial infections and improve survival. In South Asia, replacing traditional mustard with SSO might have similar benefits. METHODS: 340 communities in Sarlahi, Nepal were randomised to use mustard oil (MO) or SSO for community practice of daily newborn massage. Women were provided oil in late pregnancy …
Risk factors for community-acquired bacterial infection among young infants in South Asia
OBJECTIVE: Risk factors predisposing infants to community-acquired bacterial infections during the first 2 months of life are poorly understood in South Asia. Identifying risk factors for infection could lead to improved preventive measures and antibiotic stewardship. METHODS: Five sites in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan enrolled mother-child pairs via population-based pregnancy surveillance by community health workers. Medical, sociodemographic …
Causes of neonatal mortality using verbal autopsies in rural Southern Nepal, 2010–2017
The burden of neonatal mortality remains high worldwide, particularly in South Asia. Verbal Autopsy is a method used to identify cause of death (COD) where vital registration capabilities are lacking. This study examines the causes of neonatal mortality in a large study population in rural Southern Nepal. The data used is from a larger cluster-randomized community-based trial. The study includes 984 neonatal deaths with complete verbal autopsy in…
An analytic perspective of a mixed methods study during humanitarian crises in South Sudan
The case analysis provides lessons that are applicable to other humanitarian settings including the need for flexible research methods, budgets and timelines; innovative training and supervision; and a local research team with careful consideration of sociopolitical factors that impact their access and safety. Engagement of national and local stakeholders can ensure health services and data collection continue and findings translate to public hea…
Predictors of neonatal mortality
Objective: To assess the extent to which maternal histories of newborn danger signs independently or combined with birth weight and/or gestational age (GA) can capture and/or predict postsecond day (age>48 hours) neonatal death. Methods: Data from a cluster-randomised trial conducted in rural Bangladesh were split into development and validation sets. The prompted recall of danger signs and birth weight measurements were collected within 48 hours…
Development of a Psychological Intervention to Address Anxiety During Pregnancy in a Low-Income Country
Background: One in five women suffer from anxiety during pregnancy. Untreated anxiety is a risk factor for postnatal depression and is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Despite the high prevalence of prenatal anxiety in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), efforts to develop and evaluate context-specific interventions in these settings are lacking. We aimed to develop a culturally appropriate, feasible, and acceptable psychological int…
Community-based cluster randomized controlled trial
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02802332 , registered 6/16/2016
Validation of maternal reports for low birthweight and preterm birth indicators in rural Nepal
BACKGROUND: Tracking progress towards global newborn health targets depends largely on maternal reported data collected through large, nationally representative surveys. We evaluated the validity, across a range of recall period lengths (1 to 24 months post-delivery), of maternal report of birthweight, birth size and length of pregnancy. METHODS: We compared maternal reports to reference standards of birthweights measured within 72 hours of deliv…
Why some mothers overestimate birth size and length of pregnancy in rural Nepal
BACKGROUND: Quantitative validation studies alone may not be able to distinguish between instances when participants did not accurately report an event vs when participants did not understand a question. We used an explanatory qualitative study design to acquire an in-depth understanding of why some mothers in rural Nepal overestimate birth size of their newborn and their length of pregnancy. METHODS: We conducted two focus group discussions (FGD…
Low Birthweight, Retention in HIV Care, and Adherence to ART Among Postpartum Women Living with HIV in Ghana
Levels and correlates of nutritional status of women of childbearing age in rural Bangladesh
Objective The present study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for malnutrition in a population-based cohort of women of childbearing age in rural Bangladesh. Design A cross-sectional study that collected pre-pregnancy weight, height, and data on selected risk factors for nutritional status of women. Setting The study was conducted in Sylhet District of Bangladesh. Subjects Study subjects included 13 230 non-pregnant women of childbearin…
Ethnic and age differences in prediction of mortality by mid-upper arm circumference in children below 3 years of age in Nepal
Objective To assess ethnicity- and age-modified associations between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and mortality in Nepalese children and whether sociodemographic factors explain these associations. Design Secondary data analysis of children followed until 3 years of age. Estimated mortality hazard ratios (HR) for MUAC Setting Sarlahi, Nepal (21 October 2001–2 February 2006). Subjects Children ( n 48 492) enrolled in the Nepal Nutrition Inte…
You have to take action
Highest rates of neonatal mortality occur in countries that have recently experienced conflict. International Medical Corps implemented a package of newborn interventions in June 2016, based on the Newborn health in humanitarian settings: field guide, targeting community- and facility-based health workers in displaced person camps in South Sudan. We describe health workers' knowledge and attitudes toward newborn health interventions, before and a…
Postnatal care utilization and local understandings of contagion among HIV-infected and uninfected women in rural, southern Zambia
Postnatal care is essential for ensuring the optimal health of newborns and necessary for the prevention of maternal-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission as well as the early diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected infants. However, coverage of postnatal care is low in many rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa. We examined women's experiences of accessing formal postnatal care for their HIV-exposed newborns, comparing reports of …
Social isolation and health in widowhood
Little research exists on social isolation and health among widows despite their marginalization in South Asia. Using a conceptual framework that delineates distinct forms of social support, our results provide a preliminary analysis of the role social support plays in the well-being of Nepali widows. Between 2011 and 2012, we conducted 42 in-depth interviews in the Kathmandu valley and Surkhet district. Low social support was a common theme, pri…
Militarization, human rights violations and community responses as determinants of health in southeastern Myanmar
Militarization may negatively affect health in southeastern Myanmar, and village self-protection activities may reduce these impacts. As southeastern Myanmar opens to international health and development interventions, implementing agencies should consider militarization as a determinant of health and design interventions that can mediate its effects. Such interventions should take into account existing self-protection strategies, seek to provide…
Designs of two randomized, community-based trials to assess the impact of alternative cookstove installation on respiratory illness among young children and reproductive outcomes in rural Nepal
Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00786877, Nov. 5, 2008)
Risk for Family Rejection and Associated Mental Health Outcomes Among Conflict-Affected Adult Women Living in Rural Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Stigma due to sexual violence includes family rejection, a complex outcome including economic, behavioral, and physical components. We explored the relationship among conflict-related trauma, family rejection, and mental health in adult women living in rural eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who participate in a livestock-based microfinance program, Pigs for Peace. Exposure to multiple and different types of conflict-related trauma, inclu…
Mortality risk in preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants in low-income and middle-income countries
Sex differences in neonatal mortality in Sarlahi, Nepal
BACKGROUND: Studies in South Asia have documented increased risk of neonatal mortality among girls, despite evidence of a biological survival advantage. Associations between gender preference and mortality are cited as reasons for excess mortality among girls. This has not, however, been tested in statistical models. METHODS: A secondary analysis of data from a population-based randomised controlled trial of newborn infection prevention conducted…
Human rights violations among sexual and gender minorities in Kathmandu, Nepal
BACKGROUND: Nepal has experienced sporadic reports of human rights violations among sexual and gender minorities. Our objective was to identify a range of human rights that are enshrined in international law and/or are commonly reported by sexual and gender minority participants in Kathmandu, to be nonprotected or violated. METHODS: In September 2009 three focus group discussions were conducted by trained interviewers among a convenience sample o…
Clean cord care practices and neonatal mortality
BACKGROUND: About a million newborns die each year in India, accounting for about a fourth of total global neonatal deaths. Infections are among the leading causes of neonatal mortality. Care practices immediately following delivery contribute to newborns' risk of infection and mortality. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between clean cord care practices and neonatal mortality in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. METHODS: The study used …
Maternal and child health in Yushu, Qinghai Province, China
While China is on track to achieve national Millennium Development Goal targets for maternal and child health, women and children in Surmang suffer from substantial health inequities in access to antenatal, skilled birth and postpartum care. Institutional delivery, skilled attendance and cesarean delivery are virtually inaccessible, and consequently maternal and infant morbidity and mortality are likely high. Urgent action is needed to improve ac…
Community-based delivery of maternal care in conflict-affected areas of eastern Burma
Population-based survey methods to quantify associations between human rights violations and health outcomes among internally displaced persons in eastern Burma
BACKGROUND: Case reports of human rights violations have focused on individuals' experiences. Population-based quantification of associations between rights indicators and health outcomes is rare and has not been documented in eastern Burma. OBJECTIVE: We describe the association between mortality and morbidity and the household-level experience of human rights violations among internally displaced persons in eastern Burma. METHODS: Mobile health…
The MOM Project
Alternative strategies to increase access to reproductive health services among internally displaced populations are urgently needed. In eastern Burma, continuing conflict and lack of functioning health systems render the emphasis on facility-based delivery with skilled attendants unfeasible. Along the Thailand-Burma border, local organisations have implemented an innovative pilot, the Mobile Obstetric Maternal Health Workers (MOM) Project, estab…
Ancillary Care in Public Health Intervention Research in Low-Resource Settings
Little is known about researchers' practices regarding the provision of ancillary care (AC) in public health intervention studies they have conducted and the factors that influence their decisions about whether to provide ancillary care in low-resource settings. We conducted 52 in-person in-depth interviews with public health researchers. Data analysis was iterative and led to the identification of themes and patterns among themes. We found that …
HIV/Aids knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Burmese migrant factory workers in Tak Province, Thailand
Little information is known regarding the level of knowledge among Burmese migrant workers along the Thai/Burma border concerning risk factors, prevention or transmission of HIV. The Burma Medical Association (BMA) and National Health and Education Committee (NHEC) collected data on knowledge, attitudes and practices among 725 factory workers in Tak Province, Thailand during July 2000. We present results from a secondary analysis of these data. R…
Prevalence of plasmodium falciparum in active conflict areas of eastern Burma
Prevalence of plasmodium falciparum in conflict areas of eastern Burma is higher than rates reported among populations in neighboring Thailand, particularly among children. This population serves as a large reservoir of infection that contributes to a high disease burden within Burma and likely constitutes a source of infection for neighboring regions
Population-based survey methods to quantify associations between human rights violations and health outcomes among internally displaced persons in eastern Burma
BACKGROUND: Case reports of human rights violations have focused on individuals' experiences. Population-based quantification of associations between rights indicators and health outcomes is rare and has not been documented in eastern Burma. OBJECTIVE: We describe the association between mortality and morbidity and the household-level experience of human rights violations among internally displaced persons in eastern Burma. METHODS: Mobile health…
Multi-level partnerships to promote health services among internally displaced in eastern Burma
Ethnic populations in eastern Burma are the target of military policies that result in forced labour, destruction of food supplies, and massive forced displacement. Despite international assistance to Burmese refugees along the Thai-Burma border, traditional humanitarian models have failed to reach these internally displaced persons (IDPs) within Burma. Nevertheless, through the cultivation of a model (cross border local-global partnerships) 300,…
The MOM Project
Alternative strategies to increase access to reproductive health services among internally displaced populations are urgently needed. In eastern Burma, continuing conflict and lack of functioning health systems render the emphasis on facility-based delivery with skilled attendants unfeasible. Along the Thailand-Burma border, local organisations have implemented an innovative pilot, the Mobile Obstetric Maternal Health Workers (MOM) Project, estab…
Traditional birth attendants in rural Nepal
Efforts to formalise the role of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in maternal and neonatal health programmes have had limited success. TBAs' continued attendance at home deliveries suggests the potential to influence maternal and neonatal outcomes. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify and understand the knowledge, attitudes and practices of TBAs in rural Nepal. Twenty-one trained and untrained TBAs participated in focus grou…
Community-based delivery of maternal care in conflict-affected areas of eastern Burma
Ancillary Care in Community-Based Public Health Intervention Research
Community-based public health intervention research in developing countries typically takes place not in clinics but in people's homes and other living spaces. Research subjects and their communities may lack adequate nutrition, clean water, sanitation, and basic preventive and therapeutic services. Researchers often encounter unmet health needs in their interactions with individual subjects and need ethical guidelines to help them decide how to …
Maternal and child health in Yushu, Qinghai Province, China
While China is on track to achieve national Millennium Development Goal targets for maternal and child health, women and children in Surmang suffer from substantial health inequities in access to antenatal, skilled birth and postpartum care. Institutional delivery, skilled attendance and cesarean delivery are virtually inaccessible, and consequently maternal and infant morbidity and mortality are likely high. Urgent action is needed to improve ac…
Ancillary Care in Public Health Intervention Research in Low-Resource Settings
Little is known about researchers' practices regarding the provision of ancillary care (AC) in public health intervention studies they have conducted and the factors that influence their decisions about whether to provide ancillary care in low-resource settings. We conducted 52 in-person in-depth interviews with public health researchers. Data analysis was iterative and led to the identification of themes and patterns among themes. We found that …
Human rights violations among sexual and gender minorities in Kathmandu, Nepal
BACKGROUND: Nepal has experienced sporadic reports of human rights violations among sexual and gender minorities. Our objective was to identify a range of human rights that are enshrined in international law and/or are commonly reported by sexual and gender minority participants in Kathmandu, to be nonprotected or violated. METHODS: In September 2009 three focus group discussions were conducted by trained interviewers among a convenience sample o…
Clean cord care practices and neonatal mortality
BACKGROUND: About a million newborns die each year in India, accounting for about a fourth of total global neonatal deaths. Infections are among the leading causes of neonatal mortality. Care practices immediately following delivery contribute to newborns' risk of infection and mortality. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between clean cord care practices and neonatal mortality in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. METHODS: The study used …
Mortality risk in preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants in low-income and middle-income countries
Sex differences in neonatal mortality in Sarlahi, Nepal
BACKGROUND: Studies in South Asia have documented increased risk of neonatal mortality among girls, despite evidence of a biological survival advantage. Associations between gender preference and mortality are cited as reasons for excess mortality among girls. This has not, however, been tested in statistical models. METHODS: A secondary analysis of data from a population-based randomised controlled trial of newborn infection prevention conducted…
Designs of two randomized, community-based trials to assess the impact of alternative cookstove installation on respiratory illness among young children and reproductive outcomes in rural Nepal
Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00786877, Nov. 5, 2008)
Risk for Family Rejection and Associated Mental Health Outcomes Among Conflict-Affected Adult Women Living in Rural Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo
Stigma due to sexual violence includes family rejection, a complex outcome including economic, behavioral, and physical components. We explored the relationship among conflict-related trauma, family rejection, and mental health in adult women living in rural eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, who participate in a livestock-based microfinance program, Pigs for Peace. Exposure to multiple and different types of conflict-related trauma, inclu…
Militarization, human rights violations and community responses as determinants of health in southeastern Myanmar
Militarization may negatively affect health in southeastern Myanmar, and village self-protection activities may reduce these impacts. As southeastern Myanmar opens to international health and development interventions, implementing agencies should consider militarization as a determinant of health and design interventions that can mediate its effects. Such interventions should take into account existing self-protection strategies, seek to provide…
Postnatal care utilization and local understandings of contagion among HIV-infected and uninfected women in rural, southern Zambia
Postnatal care is essential for ensuring the optimal health of newborns and necessary for the prevention of maternal-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission as well as the early diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected infants. However, coverage of postnatal care is low in many rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa. We examined women's experiences of accessing formal postnatal care for their HIV-exposed newborns, comparing reports of …
Social isolation and health in widowhood
Little research exists on social isolation and health among widows despite their marginalization in South Asia. Using a conceptual framework that delineates distinct forms of social support, our results provide a preliminary analysis of the role social support plays in the well-being of Nepali widows. Between 2011 and 2012, we conducted 42 in-depth interviews in the Kathmandu valley and Surkhet district. Low social support was a common theme, pri…
You have to take action
Highest rates of neonatal mortality occur in countries that have recently experienced conflict. International Medical Corps implemented a package of newborn interventions in June 2016, based on the Newborn health in humanitarian settings: field guide, targeting community- and facility-based health workers in displaced person camps in South Sudan. We describe health workers' knowledge and attitudes toward newborn health interventions, before and a…
Validation of maternal reports for low birthweight and preterm birth indicators in rural Nepal
BACKGROUND: Tracking progress towards global newborn health targets depends largely on maternal reported data collected through large, nationally representative surveys. We evaluated the validity, across a range of recall period lengths (1 to 24 months post-delivery), of maternal report of birthweight, birth size and length of pregnancy. METHODS: We compared maternal reports to reference standards of birthweights measured within 72 hours of deliv…
Why some mothers overestimate birth size and length of pregnancy in rural Nepal
BACKGROUND: Quantitative validation studies alone may not be able to distinguish between instances when participants did not accurately report an event vs when participants did not understand a question. We used an explanatory qualitative study design to acquire an in-depth understanding of why some mothers in rural Nepal overestimate birth size of their newborn and their length of pregnancy. METHODS: We conducted two focus group discussions (FGD…
Low Birthweight, Retention in HIV Care, and Adherence to ART Among Postpartum Women Living with HIV in Ghana
Levels and correlates of nutritional status of women of childbearing age in rural Bangladesh
Objective The present study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for malnutrition in a population-based cohort of women of childbearing age in rural Bangladesh. Design A cross-sectional study that collected pre-pregnancy weight, height, and data on selected risk factors for nutritional status of women. Setting The study was conducted in Sylhet District of Bangladesh. Subjects Study subjects included 13 230 non-pregnant women of childbearin…
Ethnic and age differences in prediction of mortality by mid-upper arm circumference in children below 3 years of age in Nepal
Objective To assess ethnicity- and age-modified associations between mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and mortality in Nepalese children and whether sociodemographic factors explain these associations. Design Secondary data analysis of children followed until 3 years of age. Estimated mortality hazard ratios (HR) for MUAC Setting Sarlahi, Nepal (21 October 2001–2 February 2006). Subjects Children ( n 48 492) enrolled in the Nepal Nutrition Inte…
Medicine (33 obras) · Environmental health (25 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (20 obras) · Population (18 obras) · Nursing (13 obras) · Pediatrics (13 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (12 obras) · Public health (12 obras) · Political science (11 obras) · Demography (9 obras)