David H Peters
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1446530 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David H Peters |
| NOMBRES | David H |
| APELLIDO | Peters |
| FIRMA | PETERS D H |
| AFILIACIONES | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8377-3444 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 67 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 112 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 67 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Implementation pathways of a health services delivery redesign model to improve maternal and newborn outcomes in Kenya
Persistent high maternal and neonatal mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) call for system-level improvements in healthcare services. However, implementing such health system strengthening interventions presents challenges due to the complex, context-specific interactions inherent in these settings. This paper presents implementation pathways of a service delivery redesign (SDR) model in Kakamega County, Kenya, offering ins…
Stewart’s Boswellian memorandum of Burke’s politics
Dugald Stewart’s memorandum provides a glimpse behind the curtain of the publications and institutions often associated with the eighteenth-century public sphere. In this memorandum, Stewart recounts an evening he spent at the seventh earl of Lauderdale’s estate with the earl, his son James Maitland, Edmund Burke, Adam Smith and Andrew Dalzel. While brief, these notes suggest a potential Boswellian influence on Stewart’s later biographical work a…
Setting research priorities for maternal, newborn and child health, sexual and reproductive health and nutrition in Afghanistan
BACKGROUND: Since 2021, Afghanistan has faced a worsening humanitarian crisis that disproportionately impacts Afghan women and children. They experience inequities in healthcare access, deterioration of healthcare quality and extreme food insecurity. This study aims to fill an important gap by providing consensus on research priorities for maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH), sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and nutrition in Afghanistan…
Setting health systems research priorities for Afghanistan
INTRODUCTION: Afghanistan's health system has faced considerable challenges since the Taliban takeover in 2021, leaving the population vulnerable to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Research to illuminate the current functioning of the health system and approaches for strengthening its key components is critically needed to address imminent and evolving health needs of the Afghan people. METHODS: approach has yet to be developed. Usi…
Prioritising communicable disease research in Afghanistan
INTRODUCTION: Communicable disease control in Afghanistan has deteriorated amid growing fragility, health system disruption and declining international aid since the 2021 regime change. Outbreaks of measles, pertussis, pneumonia, cholera, malaria, dengue, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, tuberculosis and polio continue to plague the population in Afghanistan. This study addresses a critical evidence gap by systematically ranking research priorit…
James Wilson's Reidian Revolution Principle
Scottish born American Founder James Wilson played a significant role in developing and interpreting the US Constitution. At the core of his political theory and his interpretation of the US Constitution is his Revolution Principle. This principle recognises that a radically extensive level of popular sovereignty perpetually resides in the people at large. While the principle's roots are regularly identified as Lockean, I will argue that recognis…
Gender-responsive monitoring and evaluation for health systems
Gender-responsive monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for health and health systems interventions and programs is vital to improve health, health systems, and gender equality outcomes. It can be used to identify and address gender disparities in program participation, outcomes and benefits, as well as ensure that programs are designed and implemented in a way that is inclusive and accessible for all. While gender-responsive M&E is most effective when…
Understanding reasons for and strategic responses to administrative health data misreporting in an Indian state
The misreporting of administrative health data creates an inequitable distribution of scarce health resources and weakens transparency and accountability within health systems. In the mid-2010s, an Indian state introduced a district ranking system to monitor the monthly performance of health programmes alongside a set of data quality initiatives. However, questions remain about the role of data manipulation in compromising the accuracy of data av…
Making Health Systems Work in Low and Middle Income Countries
The importance of health systems has been reinforced by the commitment of Low- and Middle-Income Countries (L&MICs) to pursue the targets of Universal Health Coverage, Health Security, and to achieve Health-related Sustainable Development Goals. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed the fragility of health systems in countries of all income groups. Authored by international experts across five continents, this book demonstrates how health sys…
Learning is a means to progress and empowerment for health systems
First and second doses of Covishield vaccine provided high level of protection against Sars-CoV-2 infection in highly transmissible settings
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Covishield vaccine among residents of congregate residential facilities. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study in congregate residential facilities. SETTING: Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh, India, from December 2020 to July 2021. PARTICIPANTS: Residents of all ages in seven facilities-three monasteries, two old age homes and two learning centres-were enrolled. EXPOSURES: First and second …
The effectiveness of training strategies to improve healthcare provider practices in low-income and middle-income countries
INTRODUCTION: In low/middle-income countries (LMICs), training is often used to improve healthcare provider (HCP) performance. However, important questions remain about how well training works and the best ways to design training strategies. The objective of this study is to characterise the effectiveness of training strategies to improve HCP practices in LMICs and identify attributes associated with training effectiveness. METHODS: We performed …
Examining policy intentions and actual implementation practices
Influence of community scorecards on maternal and newborn health service delivery and utilization
The community score cards created opportunities for community leaders and communities to work together to identify innovative ways of dealing with the health service delivery and utilization challenges that they face. Local leaders should encourage the availability of safe spaces for dialogue between communities, health workers and leaders where performance and utilization challenges can be identified and solutions proposed and implemented jointl…
Capacity, committed funding and co-production—institutionalizing implementation research in low- and middle-income countries
How does embedded implementation research work? Examining core features through qualitative case studies in Latin America and the Caribbean
Innovative strategies are needed to improve the delivery of evidence-informed health interventions. Embedded implementation research (EIR) seeks to enhance the generation and use of evidence for programme improvement through four core features: (1) central involvement of programme/policy decision-makers in the research cycle; (2) collaborative research partnerships; (3) positioning research within programme processes and (4) research focused on i…
Understanding the role of community resilience in addressing the Ebola virus disease epidemic in Liberia
Efforts to systematically build responsible leadership and social capital at community level, including those that strengthen bonds in communities and trust across key actors in the health system, are needed to address health shocks like EVD outbreaks. Without building such capabilities in community resilience, it will be difficult to reap the expected gains from investments focusing on building physical capital and technical capabilities in heal…
Integrating Community Health Worker Roles to Improve Facility Delivery Utilization in Tanzania
Tackling socioeconomic inequalities and non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries under the Sustainable Development agenda
Implementation research
Effectiveness of strategies to improve health-care provider practices in low-income and middle-income countries
Can volunteer community health workers manage multiple roles? An interrupted time-series analysis of combined HIV and maternal and child health promotion in Iringa, Tanzania
Community health workers (CHWs) play a critical role in health promotion, but their workload is often oriented around a single disease. Renewed interest in expansion of multipurpose CHWs to cover an integrated package of services must contend with the debate over how effectively CHWs can perform an increased range of tasks. In this study, we examine whether an existing cadre of HIV-focused paid volunteer CHWs in Iringa, Tanzania, can take on new …
Who are more responsive? Mixed-methods comparison of public and private sector physicians in rural Bangladesh
Responsiveness of physicians (ROPs) reflects the social actions by physicians to meet the legitimate expectations of health care users. Responsiveness is important since it improves understanding and care seeking by users, as well as fostering trust in health systems rather than replicating discrimination and entrenching inequality. Given widespread public and private sector health care provision in Bangladesh, we undertook a mixed-methods study …
Impact of interventions and the incidence of ebola virus disease in Liberia—implications for future epidemics
To better understand the impact of national and global efforts to contain the Ebola virus disease epidemic of 2014–15 in Liberia, we provide a detailed timeline of the major interventions and relate them to the epidemic curve. In addition to personal experience in the response, we systematically reviewed situation reports from the Liberian government, UN, CDC, WHO, UNICEF, IFRC, USAID, and local and international news reports to create the timeli…
Best resources for community engagement in implementation research
Implementation research (IR) focuses on understanding how and why interventions produce their effects in a given context. This often requires engaging a broad array of stakeholders at multiple levels of the health system. Whereas a variety of tools and approaches exist to facilitate stakeholder engagement at the national or institutional level, there is a substantial gap in the IR literature about how best to do this at the local or community lev…
Understanding pathways for scaling up health services through the lens of complex adaptive systems
Despite increased prominence and funding of global health initiatives, efforts to scale up health services in developing countries are falling short of the expectations of the Millennium Development Goals. Arguing that the dominant assumptions for scaling up are inadequate, we propose that interpreting change in health systems through the lens of complex adaptive systems (CAS) provides better models of pathways for scaling up. Based on an underst…
Regulating India's health services
Making health markets work better for poor people
There has been a dramatic spread of market relationships in many low- and middle-income countries. This spread has been much faster than the development of the institutional arrangements to influence the performance of health service providers. In many countries poor people obtain a large proportion of their outpatient medical care and drugs from informal providers working outside a regulatory framework, with deleterious consequences in terms of …
The effect of wealth status on care seeking and health expenditures in Afghanistan
This paper analyses the effect of wealth status on care-seeking patterns and health expenditures in Afghanistan, based on a national household survey conducted within public health facility catchment areas. We found high rates of reported care-seeking, with more than 90% of those ill seeking care. Sick individuals from all wealth quintiles had high rates of care-seeking, although those in the wealthiest quintile were more likely to seek care than…
Sector-wide approaches (SWAps) in health
Sector-wide approaches (SWAps) in health were developed in the early 1990s in response to widespread dissatisfaction with fragmented donor-sponsored projects and prescriptive adjustment lending. SWAps were intended to provide a more coherent way to articulate and manage government-led sectoral policies and expenditure frameworks and build local institutional capacity as well as offer a means to more effective relationships between governments and…
Essential drugs policy in three rural counties in China
Contracting for health and curative care use in Afghanistan between 2004 and 2005
Afghanistan has used several approaches to contracting as part of its national strategy to increase access to basic health services. This study compares changes in the utilization of outpatient curative services from 2004 to 2005 between the different approaches for contracting-out services to non-governmental service providers, contracting-in technical assistance at public sector facilities, and public sector facilities that did not use contract…
Determinants of Skilled Birth Attendant Utilization in Afghanistan
Objectives. We sought to identify characteristics associated with use of skilled birth attendants where health services exist in Afghanistan. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study in all 33 provinces in 2004, yielding data from 617 health facilities and 9917 women who lived near the facilities and had given birth in the past 2 years. Results. Only 13% of respondents had used skilled birth attendants. Women from the wealthiest quintile (vs…
Nine questions to guide development and implementation of Health in All Policies
Based on the policy science literature, we formulate nine core questions that can guide the formulation, negotiation, development and implementation of Health in All Policies (HiAP). Each question is grounded in the political and policy science literature and culminates in checklist items that HiAP developers must consider
Can community health workers increase coverage of reproductive health services
BACKGROUND: Health services were severely affected during the many years of instability and conflict in Afghanistan. In recent years, substantial increases in the coverage of reproductive health services have been achieved, yet absolute levels of coverage remain very low, especially in rural areas. One strategy for increasing use of reproductive health services is deploying community health workers (CHWs) to promote the use of services within the…
Does use of tobacco or alcohol contribute to impoverishment from hospitalization costs in India
The study investigates the association between tobacco and alcohol use, and the potential risk of impoverishment from borrowing and distress selling of assets for meeting costs of hospitalization in India. Data from the fifty-second round of the National Sample Survey, a representative survey of 120,942 households across India, were used to investigate the likelihood and the levels of borrowing and distress selling of assets to cover hospitalizat…
The Role of Oversight in the Health Sector
This paper examines the role of oversight in influencing the health sector, using examples from sexual and reproductive health services in India. Rather than simply trying to provide services through traditional bureaucratic mechanisms, governments can make use of oversight tools to influence how health care is delivered through the public and private sectors. Three main oversight functions are described: understanding health system performance, …
Best resources for community engagement in implementation research
Implementation research (IR) focuses on understanding how and why interventions produce their effects in a given context. This often requires engaging a broad array of stakeholders at multiple levels of the health system. Whereas a variety of tools and approaches exist to facilitate stakeholder engagement at the national or institutional level, there is a substantial gap in the IR literature about how best to do this at the local or community lev…
Assessing the pro-poor effect of different contracting schemes for health services on health facilities in rural Afghanistan
BACKGROUND: Despite progress in improving health outcomes in Afghanistan by contracting public health services through non-governmental organizations (NGOs), inequity in access persists between the poor and non-poor. This study examined the distributive effect of different contracting types on primary health services provision between the poor and non-poor in rural Afghanistan. METHOD: Contracts to NGOs were made to deliver a common set of primar…
Population predictors of community health and social service use in Northern Ireland
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of elderly populations associated with variations in their use of community health and personal social services and to test the hypotheses that the variations are related to: (a) the age structure of an elderly population; (b) the population's socioeconomic composition, including the level of deprivation; and (c) household or living arrangements. DESIGN: A common file of 1991 population census a…
Can volunteer community health workers manage multiple roles? An interrupted time-series analysis of combined HIV and maternal and child health promotion in Iringa, Tanzania
Community health workers (CHWs) play a critical role in health promotion, but their workload is often oriented around a single disease. Renewed interest in expansion of multipurpose CHWs to cover an integrated package of services must contend with the debate over how effectively CHWs can perform an increased range of tasks. In this study, we examine whether an existing cadre of HIV-focused paid volunteer CHWs in Iringa, Tanzania, can take on new …
Impact of interventions and the incidence of ebola virus disease in Liberia—implications for future epidemics
To better understand the impact of national and global efforts to contain the Ebola virus disease epidemic of 2014–15 in Liberia, we provide a detailed timeline of the major interventions and relate them to the epidemic curve. In addition to personal experience in the response, we systematically reviewed situation reports from the Liberian government, UN, CDC, WHO, UNICEF, IFRC, USAID, and local and international news reports to create the timeli…
The relationship between non-communicable disease occurrence and poverty—evidence from demographic surveillance in Matlab, Bangladesh
In low-income countries, a growing proportion of the disease burden is attributable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). There is little knowledge, however, of their impact on wealth, human capital, economic growth or household poverty. This article estimates the risk of being poor after an NCD death in the rural, low-income area of Matlab, Bangladesh. In a matched cohort study, we estimated the 2-year relative risk (RR) of being poor in Matlab h…
Population predictors of community health and social service use in Northern Ireland
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of elderly populations associated with variations in their use of community health and personal social services and to test the hypotheses that the variations are related to: (a) the age structure of an elderly population; (b) the population's socioeconomic composition, including the level of deprivation; and (c) household or living arrangements. DESIGN: A common file of 1991 population census a…
The Role of Oversight in the Health Sector
This paper examines the role of oversight in influencing the health sector, using examples from sexual and reproductive health services in India. Rather than simply trying to provide services through traditional bureaucratic mechanisms, governments can make use of oversight tools to influence how health care is delivered through the public and private sectors. Three main oversight functions are described: understanding health system performance, …
Lumping and splitting
India's health system was designed in a different era, when expectations of the public and private sectors were quite different. India's population is also undergoing transitions in the demographic, epidemiologic and social aspects of health. Disparities in life expectancy, disease, access to health care and protection from financial risks have increased. These factors are challenging the health system to respond in new ways. The old approach to …
Strategies for engaging the private sector in sexual and reproductive health
The private health sector provides a significant portion of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in developing countries. Yet little is known about which strategies for intervening with private providers can improve quality or coverage of services. We conducted a systematic review of the literature through PubMed from 1980 to 2003 to assess the effectiveness of private sector strategies for SRH services in developing countries. The strat…
Does use of tobacco or alcohol contribute to impoverishment from hospitalization costs in India
The study investigates the association between tobacco and alcohol use, and the potential risk of impoverishment from borrowing and distress selling of assets for meeting costs of hospitalization in India. Data from the fifty-second round of the National Sample Survey, a representative survey of 120,942 households across India, were used to investigate the likelihood and the levels of borrowing and distress selling of assets to cover hospitalizat…
Exploring health systems research and its influence on policy processes in low income countries
The interface between research and policymaking in low-income countries is highly complex. The ability of health systems research to influence policy processes in such settings face numerous challenges. Successful analysis of the research-policy interface in these settings requires understanding of contextual factors as well as key influences on the interface. Future Health Systems (FHS): Innovations for Equity is a consortium conducting research…
Poverty and Access to Health Care in Developing Countries
People in poor countries tend to have less access to health services than those in better‐off countries, and within countries, the poor have less access to health services. This article documents disparities in access to health services in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), using a framework incorporating quality, geographic accessibility, availability, financial accessibility, and acceptability of services. Whereas the poor in LMICs are c…
The effect of wealth status on care seeking and health expenditures in Afghanistan
This paper analyses the effect of wealth status on care-seeking patterns and health expenditures in Afghanistan, based on a national household survey conducted within public health facility catchment areas. We found high rates of reported care-seeking, with more than 90% of those ill seeking care. Sick individuals from all wealth quintiles had high rates of care-seeking, although those in the wealthiest quintile were more likely to seek care than…
Determinants of Skilled Birth Attendant Utilization in Afghanistan
Objectives. We sought to identify characteristics associated with use of skilled birth attendants where health services exist in Afghanistan. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study in all 33 provinces in 2004, yielding data from 617 health facilities and 9917 women who lived near the facilities and had given birth in the past 2 years. Results. Only 13% of respondents had used skilled birth attendants. Women from the wealthiest quintile (vs…
Regulating India's health services
Framework for assessing governance of the health system in developing countries
Case studies in global health
Changes in utilization of health services among poor and rural residents in Uganda
Although overall utilization of public and PNFP services by rural and poor populations had increased, PFP remained the major source of care. The odds of not seeking care due to distance decreased in rural areas but cost continued to be an important barrier to seeking health services for residents from poor, rural, and elderly headed households. Policy makers should consider targeting subsidies to the poor and rural populations. Public private par…
Strategies for gender-equitable HIV services in rural India
The emergence of HIV in rural India has the potential to heighten gender inequity in a context where women already suffer significant health disparities. Recent Indian health policies provide new opportunities to identify and implement gender-equitable rural HIV services. In this review, we adapt Mosley and Chen's conceptual framework of health to outline determinants for HIV health services utilization and outcomes. Examining the framework throu…
The effect of wealth status on care seeking and health expenditures in Afghanistan
Health Policy & Planning volume 24 number 1 January 2009 pp. Important contributions to the collection, processing and analysis of data were provided by team members, including Aneesa Arur, Stan Becker, Vikas Dwivedi, Anbrasi Edward, SD Gupta, Shivam Gupta, Dr Haseeb, Dr Ismail, Maureen Mayhew, Ayan Ahmed Noor, Melissa Opryszko, John Safapour, N K Sharma, Lakhwinder P Singh, Sandhya Sundaram, Kavitha Viswanathan, Earl Wall and other staff. We als…
Targeting accuracy and impact of a community-identified waiver card scheme for primary care user fees in Afghanistan
Community identification of beneficiaries is feasible in a fragile state. Several recommendations are discussed to improve targeting accuracy of a waiver card system in the future, in light of this research and other international experiences
Contracting for health and curative care use in Afghanistan between 2004 and 2005
Afghanistan has used several approaches to contracting as part of its national strategy to increase access to basic health services. This study compares changes in the utilization of outpatient curative services from 2004 to 2005 between the different approaches for contracting-out services to non-governmental service providers, contracting-in technical assistance at public sector facilities, and public sector facilities that did not use contract…
Exploring new health markets
BACKGROUND: Although a number of intermediate transport initiatives have been used in some developing countries, available evidence reveals a dearth of local knowledge on the effect of these rural informal transport mechanisms on access to maternal health care services, the cost of implementing such schemes and their scalability. This paper, attempts to provide insights into the functioning of the informal transport markets in facilitating access…
A grander challenge
BACKGROUND: "Grand challenges" in global health have focused on discovery and development of technologies to save lives. The "grander challenge" involves building institutions, systems, capacity and demand to effectively deliver strategies to improve health. In 2008, Makerere University began a radical institutional change to bring together four schools under one College of Health Sciences. This paper's objective is to demonstrate how its leaders…
Building partnerships towards strengthening Makerere University College of Health Sciences
BACKGROUND: Partnerships and networking are important for an institution of higher learning like Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) to be competitive and sustainable. METHODS: A stakeholder and sustainability analysis of 25 key informant interviews was conducted among past, current and potential stakeholders of MakCHS to obtain their perspectives and contributions to sustainability of the College in its role to improve health…
Increasing access to institutional deliveries using demand and supply side incentives
BACKGROUND: Geographical inaccessibility, lack of transport, and financial burdens are some of the demand side constraints to maternal health services in Uganda, while supply side problems include poor quality services related to unmotivated health workers and inadequate supplies. Most public health interventions in Uganda have addressed only selected supply side issues, and universities have focused their efforts on providing maternal services a…
The effects of an HIV project on HIV and non-HIV services at local government clinics in urban Kampala
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS is a major public health concern in Uganda. There is widespread consensus that weak health systems hamper the effective provision of HIV/AIDS services. In recent years, the ways in which HIV/AIDS-focused programs interact with the delivery of other health services is often discussed, but the evidence as to whether HIV/AIDS programs strengthen or distort overall health services is limited. The aim of this study was to examine …
Can interventions improve health services from informal private providers in low and middle-income countries? A comprehensive review of the literature
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest in the role of private health providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Informal private providers (IPPs) provide a significant portion of health care in many LMICs, but they have not received training in allopathic medicine. Interventions have been developed to take advantage of their potential to expand access to essential health services, although their success is not well measured. This pape…
Making health markets work better for poor people
There has been a dramatic spread of market relationships in many low- and middle-income countries. This spread has been much faster than the development of the institutional arrangements to influence the performance of health service providers. In many countries poor people obtain a large proportion of their outpatient medical care and drugs from informal providers working outside a regulatory framework, with deleterious consequences in terms of …
Expecting the unexpected
Although health interventions start with good intentions to develop services for disadvantaged populations, they often distort the health market, making the delivery or financing of services difficult once the intervention is over: a condition called the 'Develop-Distort Dilemma' (DDD). In this paper, we describe how to examine whether a proposed intervention may develop or distort the health market. Our goal is to produce a tool that facilitates…
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