E Johnson
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 14590 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | E Johnson |
| NOMBRES | E |
| APELLIDO | Johnson |
| FIRMA | JOHNSON E |
| AFILIACIONES | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7797-8347 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 302 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1962 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Manuscripts in "Fly-Over" States
Thousands of manuscript fragments and intact codices reside in collections across the American Midwest, but most remain largely unknown to and unexplored by the scholarly community because of their perceived remoteness from more traditional centers of book collecting on the East and West Coasts. This essay introduces a special collection of ten articles highlighting various individual manuscripts and library collections in so-called fly-over stat…
"Deathless fragments within the reach of many …"
The breaking and dispersal of Otto Ege's manuscripts have been the subject of focused scholarly inquiry for nearly three decades, with new discoveries and insights emerging with regularity as more scholars and collectors work to uncover previously unrecognized and unrecorded Ege manuscript fragments in an attempt to reconstruct their original codicological and historical contexts. But the historical records of Ege's biblioclasm are just as fragme…
Individual-level loss aversion in riskless and risky choices
Loss aversion can occur in riskless and risky choices. We present novel evidence on both in a non-student sample (660 randomly selected customers of a car manufacturer). We measure loss aversion in riskless choice in endowment effect experiments within and between subjects and find similar levels of average loss aversion in both. The subjects of the within study also participate in a simple lottery choice task which arguably measures loss aversio…
Defaults are not a panacea
Recently, defaults have become celebrated as a low-cost and easy-to-implement nudge for promoting positive outcomes, both at an individual and societal level. In the present research, we conducted a large-scale field experiment ( N = 32,508) in an educational context to test the effectiveness of a default intervention in promoting participation in a potentially beneficial achievement test. We found that a default manipulation increased the rate a…
Interactive and Sculptural Printmaking in the Renaissance
La planificación lingüística del Maya yucateco y la educación bilingüe en Yucatán
La rápida disminución de las lenguas originarias representa una de las problemáticas más relevantes en la lingüística aplicada. El rol que juegan los maestros de las lenguas originarias en la implementación de la planificación lingüística por medio de sus prácticas pedagógicas es un asunto significativo, pero poco investigado. Este estudio etnográfico examina un programa de formación docente para la enseñanza del maya yucateco. El estudio incluyó…
Normalization of language deficit ideology for a new generation of minoritized U.S. youth
This paper analyzes linguistic deficit discourse as it emerges in language gap research, gets appropriated by language gap foundations, and is reported in the media. Through intertextual analysis, we show how language deficit ideologies combine with neoliberal logic to normalize the marginalization of minoritized families, linguistic and sociolinguistic hierarchies, and the privileging of White middle-class (socio)linguistic norms. Language gap d…
When and why defaults influence decisions
When people make decisions with a pre-selected choice option – a ‘default’ – they are more likely to select that option. Because defaults are easy to implement, they constitute one of the most widely employed tools in the choice architecture toolbox. However, to decide when defaults should be used instead of other choice architecture tools, policy-makers must know how effective defaults are and when and why their effectiveness varies. To answer t…
A consensus-based transparency checklist
We present a consensus-based checklist to improve and document the transparency of research reports in social and behavioural research. An accompanying online application allows users to complete the form and generate a report that they can submit with their manuscript or post to a public repository
Author Correction
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Agency and Intention in English Printing, 1476–1526
Beyond rationality in engineering design for sustainability
Violating Lau
This article considers the impact of the Lau v. Nichols Supreme Court decision on the education of English learners in Washington State, US In particular, we focus on the most popular educational program in the state, Sheltered English Instruction. We first examine how intertextual links to various policy texts and discourses shape Washington language policy and then look at how educators in four school districts interpret and appropriate this po…
Picturing Experience in the Early Printed Book
Exhibit and Symposium
Ars Epistolica
The Monk’s Haggadah
Supplemental Material for Lost in Search
Brilliant Discourse
Henricus Glareanus’s (1488–1563) Chronologia of the Ancient World
Language policy and bilingual education in Arizona and Washington state
In this paper, we compare the bilingual/language education policies of Arizona and Washington to show that state-level language policy plays a critical role in shaping the appropriation of federal language policy [No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), Title III] and how different state-level language policies impact the district level of policy appropriation. Drawing on Bourdieu's concepts of habitus and doxa, we argue that different types of appropri…
How warm days increase belief in global warming
Power and agency in language policy appropriation
Cultural Struggles
The late Dwight Conquergood's research has inspired an entire generation of scholars invested in performance as a meaningful paradigm to understand human interaction, especially between structures of power and the disenfranchised. Conquergood's research laid the groundwork for others to engage issues of ethics in ethnographic research, performance as a meaningful paradigm for ethnography, and case studies that demonstrated the dissolution of theo…
Scholarship, Commerce, Religion
Affect, generalization, and the perception of risk
Experimental manipulations of affect induced by a brief newspaper report of a tragic event produced a pervasive increase in subjects' estimates of the frequency of many risks and other undesirable events. Contrary to expectation, the effect was independent of the similarity between the report arid the estimated risk. An account of a fatal stabbing did not increase the frequency estimate of a closely related risk, homicide, more than the estimates…
Product Familiarity and Learning New Information
Does product familiarity improve shoppers' ability to learn new product information? We examine an earlier study which indicated that greater familiarity increased learning during a new purchase decision. Our reanalysis confirms that the effect depends strongly upon decision strategy. Familiarity facilitates learning when consumers rate each alternative, but when consumers are instructed to choose one alternative, an “inverted u” relationship bet…
Power and agency in language policy appropriation
The limits of anchoring
Anchoring and adjustment is a pervasive bias in which decision makers are influenced by random or uninformative numbers or starting points. As a means of understanding this effect, we explore two limits on anchoring. In Experiments 1 and 2, implausibly extreme anchors had a proportionally smaller effect than anchors close to the expected value of the lotteries evaluated. In Experiments 2 and 3, anchoring occurred only if the anchor and preference…
When and why defaults influence decisions
When people make decisions with a pre-selected choice option – a ‘default’ – they are more likely to select that option. Because defaults are easy to implement, they constitute one of the most widely employed tools in the choice architecture toolbox. However, to decide when defaults should be used instead of other choice architecture tools, policy-makers must know how effective defaults are and when and why their effectiveness varies. To answer t…
When Web Pages Influence Choice
This article extends the idea that priming can influence preferences by making selected attributes focal. Our on-line experiments manipulate the background pictures and colors of a Web page, affecting consumer product choice. We demonstrate that these effects occur for both experts and novices, albeit by different mechanisms. For novices, priming drives differences in external search that, in turn, drive differences in choice. For experts, we obs…
Mere-Possession Effects without Possession in Consumer Choice
In this article we examine whether and why preference for a good produced by its mere and arbitrary possession (i.e., a mere-possession effect) occurs even in the absence of actual possession. In two experiments, we demonstrate that merely possessing a coupon for a product, as opposed to the actual product, can increase consumers' preference for that option over its competitors' in real choices from meaningfully comparable choice sets. In additio…
International Differences in Information Privacy Concerns
We examine three possible explanations for differences in Internet privacy concerns revealed by national regulation: (1) These differences reflect and are related to differences in cultural values described by other research; (2) these differences reflect differences in Internet experience; or (3) they reflect differences in the desires of political institutions without reflecting underlying differences in privacy preferences. Using a sample of I…
When Do Fair Beliefs Influence Bargaining Behavior? Experimental Bargaining in Japan and the United States
In this research, we examine the influence of beliefs about fairness on bargaining behavior. Using a repeated ultimatum game, we examine bargaining contexts in Japan and the United States in which buyers' or sellers' fair beliefs are either in alignment with or in conflict with their own self-interest. We suggest that understanding the relationship between fair beliefs and self-interest is central to understanding when fair beliefs will influence…
Compensatory Choice Models of Noncompensatory Processes
The sensitivity of the parameters and fit of compensatory choice models to contextual variations in information processing strategies is examined. A set of predictions is derived concerning specification errors which may arise when a compensatory model misrepresents a “true,” noncompensatory choice process. These predictions are then tested in an experimental analysis of apartment choice behavior. Logit analysis and protocol analysis are employed…
Making Rape Education Meaningful for Men
A consensus-based transparency checklist
We present a consensus-based checklist to improve and document the transparency of research reports in social and behavioural research. An accompanying online application allows users to complete the form and generate a report that they can submit with their manuscript or post to a public repository
Socioeconomic status and prediction of ventricular fibrillation survival
OBJECTIVES. The association between socioeconomic status and cardiac arrest is less well known than some other associations with cardiac arrest. We used property tax assessments as a measure of socioeconomic status in a study of victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest found in ventricular fibrillation. METHODS. We studied patients attended by the Seattle Fire Department's emergency medical services system between May 1986 and August 1988. Durin…
Defaults are not a panacea
Recently, defaults have become celebrated as a low-cost and easy-to-implement nudge for promoting positive outcomes, both at an individual and societal level. In the present research, we conducted a large-scale field experiment ( N = 32,508) in an educational context to test the effectiveness of a default intervention in promoting participation in a potentially beneficial achievement test. We found that a default manipulation increased the rate a…
Choosing Outcomes versus Choosing Products
Investing for retirement is one of the most consequential yet daunting decisions consumers face. We present a way to both aid and understand consumers as they construct preferences for retirement income. The method enables consumers to build desired probability distributions of wealth constrained by market forces and the amount invested. We collect desired wealth distributions from a sample of working adults, provide evidence of the technique's r…
Digitizing Consumer Research
How will the widespread diffusion of information technology change consumer research? I argue that information technology will profoundly change the way knowledge is generated and disseminated. In generating knowledge, consumer researchers will see the diminishing use of student subjects, an increase in the use of global samples, panels, secondary data, and information acquisition techniques. In disseminating knowledge, I suggest the possibility …
Information Overload and the Nonrobustness of Linear Models
Robert J. Meyer, Eric J. Johnson; Information Overload and the Nonrobustness of Linear Models: A Comment on Keller and Staelin, Journal of Consumer Researc
Water issues associated with hydraulic fracturing in northeast British Columbia
The “Revolutionary Girl with the Titus-Head”
The First World War represents a watershed in European women's history. The process of female integration into the industrial economy was both speeded up and given official endorsement as the massive mobilization of soldiers created great manpower shortages. The war seemed to accelerate and legitimate the process of female political integration as well, as most postwar European governments met the basic aims of the women's suffrage movement. Desp…
Weekly patterns of drug treatment attendance
OBJECTIVES: This study examined weekly patterns of drug treatment attendance in relation to date of welfare payment receipt and reason for treatment absence. METHODS: Treatment attendance by Medicaid-eligible pregnant women who were drug dependent was examined by calendar week over a 29-month period. RESULTS: Time series analyses showed that attendance was lower during week 1 than week 4. Drug use was the most frequently reported reason for treat…
A Summary of a Study of the Reading Ages of Children Who Had Been Given Remedial Teaching
S ummary . Children who had received remedial teaching in reading by the staff of a Child Guidance Centre of an English County Borough between January, 1955, and March, 1960, were traced, and their reading ages assessed. A summary of the data obtained is given, together with the interrelationships found between a number of the relevant variables
Russian Social Science Reader
Affect, generalization, and the perception of risk
Experimental manipulations of affect induced by a brief newspaper report of a tragic event produced a pervasive increase in subjects' estimates of the frequency of many risks and other undesirable events. Contrary to expectation, the effect was independent of the similarity between the report arid the estimated risk. An account of a fatal stabbing did not increase the frequency estimate of a closely related risk, homicide, more than the estimates…
Product Familiarity and Learning New Information
Does product familiarity improve shoppers' ability to learn new product information? We examine an earlier study which indicated that greater familiarity increased learning during a new purchase decision. Our reanalysis confirms that the effect depends strongly upon decision strategy. Familiarity facilitates learning when consumers rate each alternative, but when consumers are instructed to choose one alternative, an “inverted u” relationship bet…
Compensatory Choice Models of Noncompensatory Processes
The sensitivity of the parameters and fit of compensatory choice models to contextual variations in information processing strategies is examined. A set of predictions is derived concerning specification errors which may arise when a compensatory model misrepresents a “true,” noncompensatory choice process. These predictions are then tested in an experimental analysis of apartment choice behavior. Logit analysis and protocol analysis are employed…
Effort and Accuracy in Choice
Individuals often use several different strategies such as the expected value rule, conjunctive rule, and elimination-by-aspects, to make decisions. It has been hypothesized that strategy selection is, in part, a function of (1) the ability of a strategy to produce an accurate response and (2) the strategy's demand for mental resources or effort. We examine effort and accuracy and their role in strategy selection. Several strategies that may be u…
Adaptive strategy selection in decision making.
The authors examine the role of effort and accuracy in the adaptive use of decision processes. A computer simulation study that used the concept of elementary information processes identified heuristic choice strategies which approximate the accuracy of normative procedures while requiring substantially less effort. However, no single heuristic did well across all task and context conditions. Of particular interest was the finding that under time…
The validity of verbal protocols
Information Overload and the Nonrobustness of Linear Models
Robert J. Meyer, Eric J. Johnson; Information Overload and the Nonrobustness of Linear Models: A Comment on Keller and Staelin, Journal of Consumer Researc
Gambling with the House Money and Trying to Break Even
How is risk-taking affected by prior gains and losses? While normative theory implores decision makers to only consider incremental outcomes, real decision makers are influenced by prior outcomes. We first consider how prior outcomes are combined with the potential payoffs offered by current choices. We propose an editing rule to describe how decision makers frame such problems. We also present data from real money experiments supporting a “house…
Behavioral Decision Research
The Adaptive Decision Maker
The Adaptive Decision Maker argues that people use a variety of strategies to make judgments and choices. The authors introduce a model that shows how decision makers balance effort and accuracy considerations and predicts which strategy a person will use in a given situation. A series of experiments testing the model are presented, and the authors analyse how the model can lead to improved decisions and opportunities for further research.
Framing, probability distortions, and insurance decisions
Socioeconomic status and prediction of ventricular fibrillation survival
OBJECTIVES. The association between socioeconomic status and cardiac arrest is less well known than some other associations with cardiac arrest. We used property tax assessments as a measure of socioeconomic status in a study of victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest found in ventricular fibrillation. METHODS. We studied patients attended by the Seattle Fire Department's emergency medical services system between May 1986 and August 1988. Durin…
The limits of anchoring
Anchoring and adjustment is a pervasive bias in which decision makers are influenced by random or uninformative numbers or starting points. As a means of understanding this effect, we explore two limits on anchoring. In Experiments 1 and 2, implausibly extreme anchors had a proportionally smaller effect than anchors close to the expected value of the lotteries evaluated. In Experiments 2 and 3, anchoring occurred only if the anchor and preference…
Measuring health-related quality of life in persons with genital herpes
The Adaptive Decision Maker
Journal Article The Adaptive Decision Maker. Get access The Adaptive Decision Maker. By John W. Payne, James R. Bettman and Eric J. Johnson. (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Pp. xiii + 330. £35.00 hardback, US $59.95 hardback, £14.95 paperback, US $19.95 paperback. ISBN 0 521 41505 5, 0 521 42526 3.)Paradigms and Conventions: Uncertainty, Decision Making, and Entrepreneur ship. By Choi (Young Back). (Ann Arbor: Universit…
Mere-Possession Effects without Possession in Consumer Choice
In this article we examine whether and why preference for a good produced by its mere and arbitrary possession (i.e., a mere-possession effect) occurs even in the absence of actual possession. In two experiments, we demonstrate that merely possessing a coupon for a product, as opposed to the actual product, can increase consumers' preference for that option over its competitors' in real choices from meaningfully comparable choice sets. In additio…
Anchoring, Activation, and the Construction of Values
Weekly patterns of drug treatment attendance
OBJECTIVES: This study examined weekly patterns of drug treatment attendance in relation to date of welfare payment receipt and reason for treatment absence. METHODS: Treatment attendance by Medicaid-eligible pregnant women who were drug dependent was examined by calendar week over a 29-month period. RESULTS: Time series analyses showed that attendance was lower during week 1 than week 4. Drug use was the most frequently reported reason for treat…
The “Revolutionary Girl with the Titus-Head”
The First World War represents a watershed in European women's history. The process of female integration into the industrial economy was both speeded up and given official endorsement as the massive mobilization of soldiers created great manpower shortages. The war seemed to accelerate and legitimate the process of female political integration as well, as most postwar European governments met the basic aims of the women's suffrage movement. Desp…
Making Rape Education Meaningful for Men
Digitizing Consumer Research
How will the widespread diffusion of information technology change consumer research? I argue that information technology will profoundly change the way knowledge is generated and disseminated. In generating knowledge, consumer researchers will see the diminishing use of student subjects, an increase in the use of global samples, panels, secondary data, and information acquisition techniques. In disseminating knowledge, I suggest the possibility …
When Web Pages Influence Choice
This article extends the idea that priming can influence preferences by making selected attributes focal. Our on-line experiments manipulate the background pictures and colors of a Web page, affecting consumer product choice. We demonstrate that these effects occur for both experts and novices, albeit by different mechanisms. For novices, priming drives differences in external search that, in turn, drive differences in choice. For experts, we obs…
Do Defaults Save Lives?
Computer Science (38 obras) · Psychology (29 obras) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (20 obras) · Political science (19 obras) · History (18 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Art (16 obras) · History (15 obras) · Library science (15 obras) · Classics (12 obras)