Henry Wechsler
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 146777 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Henry Wechsler |
| NOMBRES | Henry |
| APELLIDO | Wechsler |
| FIRMA | WECHSLER H |
| AFILIACIONES | Harvard University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 49 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 169 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 49 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1955 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2010 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Will Increasing Alcohol Availability By Lowering the Minimum Legal Drinking Age Decrease Drinking and Related Consequences Among Youths
Alcohol use health consequences are considerable; prevention efforts are needed, particularly for adolescents and college students. The national minimum legal drinking age of 21 years is a primary alcohol-control policy in the United States. An advocacy group supported by some college presidents seeks public debate on the minimum legal drinking age and proposes reducing it to 18 years. We reviewed recent trends in drinking and related consequence…
What We Have Learned From the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study
The Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study surveyed students at a nationally representative sample of 4-year colleges in the United States four times between 1993 and 2001. More than 50,000 students at 120 colleges took part in the study. This article reviews what we have learned about college drinking and the implications for prevention: the need to focus on lower drink thresholds, the harms produced at this level of drinking for …
Disparities in Overweight and Obesity Among US College Students
Social disparities in overweight and obesity exist among college students. Promoting physical activity and reducing television viewing may counteract increasing trends
Magnitude of Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity Among u.s. College Students Ages 18–24
Integrating data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, national coroner studies, census and college enrollment data for 18–24-year-olds, the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, and the Harvard College Alcohol Survey, we calculated the alcohol-related unintentional injury deaths and other health problems among college students ages 18–24 in 1998 and 2001. Among college student…
Non‐medical use of prescription stimulants among US college students
Aims To examine the prevalence rates and correlates of non‐medical use of prescription stimulants (Ritalin, Dexedrine or Adderall) among US college students in terms of student and college characteristics. Design A self‐administered mail survey. Setting One hundred and nineteen nationally representative 4‐year colleges in the United States. Participants A representative sample of 10 904 randomly selected college students in 2001. Measurements Sel…
The State Sets the Rate
Objectives. We assessed the relationship between college binge drinking, binge drinking in the general population, and selected alcohol control policies. Methods. We analyzed binge drinking rates from 2 national surveys, the Har-vard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Binge drinking data were linked to a summary measure of 7 salient alcohol…
US College Students’ Exposure to Tobacco Promotions
Objectives. We assessed young adults’ exposure to the tobacco industry marketing strategy of sponsoring social events at bars, nightclubs, and college campuses. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2001 Harvard College Alcohol Study, a random sample of 10904 students enrolled in 119 nationally representative 4-year colleges and universities. Results. During the 2000–2001 school year, 8.5% of respondents attended a bar, nightclub, or campus social e…
Correlates of rape while intoxicated in a national sample of college women
OBJECTIVE: Heavy alcohol use is widespread among college students, particularly in those social situations where the risk of rape rises. Few studies have provided information on rapes of college women that occur when they are intoxicated. The purpose of the present study was to present prevalence data for rape under the condition of intoxication when the victim is unable to consent and to identify college and individual-level risk factors associa…
Reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight among high school students
Perception and reality
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a widely used intervention to reduce college student alcohol use, we studied student drinking patterns at colleges that employed social norms marketing programs and those that did not. METHOD: We examined responses of students in the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study (CAS) 1997, 1999 and 2001 data sets at 37 colleges that employed social norms marketing programs and at 61 that did not. Information about …
Students’ opinion of tobacco control policies recommended for US colleges
Student support for proposed campus tobacco control policies is strong, even among smokers, and broadly based across demographic subgroups. These findings should provide reassurance to college administrators who are considering adopting these policies
The relationship of alcohol outlet density to heavy and frequent drinking and drinking-related problems among college students at eight universities
Watering Down the Drinks
Objectives. This study examined whether colleges with larger enrollments of students from demographic groups with lower rates of binge drinking exert a moderating effect on students from groups with higher binge drinking rates. Methods. The study analyzed data from 114 colleges included in the 1993, 1997, 1999, and 2001 College Alcohol Study surveys. Results. The binge drinking rates of White, male, and underage students were significantly lower …
Social influences on substance-use behaviors of gay, lesbian, and bisexual college students
Magnitude of alcohol-related mortality and morbidity among U.S. college students ages 18-24.
OBJECTIVE: This report estimates the numbers of 18-24 year old United States college students who annually experience alcohol-related deaths, injuries and other health problems. METHOD: We examined traffic and unintentional injury deaths in 1998 reported by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). We also examined results of national coroner studies, Department of Education college enrollment d…
Trends in College Binge Drinking During a Period of Increased Prevention Efforts
The 2001 Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study surveyed students at 119 4-year colleges that participated in the 1993, 1997, and 1999 studies. Responses in the 4 survey years were compared to determine trends in heavy alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, and encounters with college and community prevention efforts. In 2001, approximately 2 in 5 (44.4%) college students reported binge drinking, a rate almost identical to rates in…
Alcohol abuse and dependence among U.S. college students.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence among U.S. college students, and to identify characteristics associated with these diagnoses. METHOD: More than 14,000 students at 119 4-year U.S. colleges completed a questionnaire that included items corresponding to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for alcohol abuse and dependence. Frequencies were computed, and correlations used to identify demographic, drinking and other variabl…
Tobacco use by Massachusetts public college students
Tobacco use is common among Massachusetts public college students. Students who were exposed to the MTCP during high school are less likely to use tobacco than their peers who were not exposed to this programme. The MTCP may have reduced tobacco use among this group of young adults
Secondhand effects of student alcohol use reported by neighbors of colleges
Binge drinking and the American college students
The use of the term binge drinking and the 5/4 measure have helped to advance the understanding of college alcohol use over the past 10 years. The present article discusses the importance, relevance, and utility of this measure.
College Binge Drinking in the 1990s
In 1999, the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study resurveyed colleges that participated in the 1993 and 1997 surveys. Responses to mail questionnaires from more than 14,000 students at 119 nationally representative 4-year colleges in 39 states were compared with responses received in 1997 and 1993. Two of 5 students (44%) were binge drinkers in 1999, the same rate as in 1993. However, both abstention and frequent binge-drinking r…
Changes in Binge Drinking and Related Problems Among American College Students Between 1993 and 1997 Results of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study
In 1997, the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study resurveyed colleges that participated in a 1993 study. The findings revealed little change in binge drinking: a slight decrease in percentage of binge drinkers and slight increases in percentages of abstainers and frequent binge drinkers. Two of 5 students were binge drinkers (42.7%); 1 in 5 (19.0%) was an abstainer, and 1 in 5 was a frequent binge drinker (20.7%). As was true in …
Increased Levels of Cigarette Use Among College Students
CONTEXT: Adolescent smoking prevalence is tracked annually and has increased since 1991. In contrast, little is known about trends in smoking among college students, a group that has previously been more resistant to tobacco use than other young adults. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in cigarette smoking among college students between 1993 and 1997 and among different types of students and colleges. DESIGN: Self-administered survey (Harvard School…
Binge Drinking Among American College Women
This study examines data from questionnaires to establish the prevalence and correlates of women's binge drinking, defined as four or more drinks per episode, at women's colleges ( n = 508) and at coeducational colleges ( n = 9,624). Results showed that women at women's colleges binged less frequently, had fewer alcohol-related problems, experienced fewer negative effects of others' drinking, and were less likely to drink and drive. The correlate…
Predictors of smoking among US college students
OBJECTIVES: This study explored predictors of smoking among a large, representative national sample of students enrolled in American 4-year colleges. METHODS: A sample of undergraduate students, randomly selected from 140 colleges, was sent a detailed questionnaire that included questions about smoking status. RESULTS: The 30-day smoking prevalence was 22.3%; 25% of the participants were former smokers. Multivariate analyses suggested that, among…
Correlates of college student binge drinking
OBJECTIVES. This study examines the individual correlates of college student binge drinking. METHODS. Questionnaires were completed by a representative national sample (n = 17,592) of students on 140 campuses in 1993. Binge drinking was defined as five or more drinks per episode for men and as four or more drinks per episode for women. RESULTS. Overall, 44% of the students (50% of the men and 39% of the women) binged. While demographic factors su…
A gender-specific measure of binge drinking among college students
This study examined the relationship of volume of alcohol consumed to the occurrence of alcohol-related problems among male and female college students to develop a gender-specific measure of heavy episodic or binge drinking by college students for public health research. A self-administered survey was mailed to a national representative sample of students at 140 4-year colleges in 40 states and the District of Columbia. A total of 17,592 college…
The relationship of alcohol outlet density to heavy and frequent drinking and drinking-related problems among college students at eight universities
Social influences on substance-use behaviors of gay, lesbian, and bisexual college students
Fit of Individual and Community Characteristics and Rates of Psychiatric Hospitalization
A study was conducted of all first admissions to inpatient care in licensed Massachusetts mental hospitals during a three-year period, centered around the 1960 Census, to test the hypothesis that people with a particular personal characteristic who are living in communities where that characteristic is less common should have a higher rate of psychiatric hospitalization than people with the characteristic living in communities where it is more co…
Secondhand effects of student alcohol use reported by neighbors of colleges
Predictors of smoking among US college students
OBJECTIVES: This study explored predictors of smoking among a large, representative national sample of students enrolled in American 4-year colleges. METHODS: A sample of undergraduate students, randomly selected from 140 colleges, was sent a detailed questionnaire that included questions about smoking status. RESULTS: The 30-day smoking prevalence was 22.3%; 25% of the participants were former smokers. Multivariate analyses suggested that, among…
US College Students’ Exposure to Tobacco Promotions
Objectives. We assessed young adults’ exposure to the tobacco industry marketing strategy of sponsoring social events at bars, nightclubs, and college campuses. Methods. We analyzed data from the 2001 Harvard College Alcohol Study, a random sample of 10904 students enrolled in 119 nationally representative 4-year colleges and universities. Results. During the 2000–2001 school year, 8.5% of respondents attended a bar, nightclub, or campus social e…
Watering Down the Drinks
Objectives. This study examined whether colleges with larger enrollments of students from demographic groups with lower rates of binge drinking exert a moderating effect on students from groups with higher binge drinking rates. Methods. The study analyzed data from 114 colleges included in the 1993, 1997, 1999, and 2001 College Alcohol Study surveys. Results. The binge drinking rates of White, male, and underage students were significantly lower …
Community Growth, Depressive Disorders, and Suicide
A study of the relationship of population growth to the frequency of hospitalized mental illness and suicide in fifty Massachusetts communities indicates that rapidly growing communities tend to produce significantly higher rates of hospitalized depressive disorders and suicide, but not of schizophrenia, alcoholism, or other mental disorders. Alternative explanations of the findings are that (1) the higher rates of depression and suicide are a fa…
The State Sets the Rate
Objectives. We assessed the relationship between college binge drinking, binge drinking in the general population, and selected alcohol control policies. Methods. We analyzed binge drinking rates from 2 national surveys, the Har-vard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Binge drinking data were linked to a summary measure of 7 salient alcohol…
Psychoactive Drug Use by Young and Future Physicians
William E. McAuliffe, Mary Rohman, Paul Fishman, Rob Friedman, Henry Wechsler, Stephen H. Soboroff, David Toth, Psychoactive Drug Use by Young and Future Physicians, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar., 1984), pp. 34-54
Binge Drinking Among American College Women
This study examines data from questionnaires to establish the prevalence and correlates of women's binge drinking, defined as four or more drinks per episode, at women's colleges ( n = 508) and at coeducational colleges ( n = 9,624). Results showed that women at women's colleges binged less frequently, had fewer alcohol-related problems, experienced fewer negative effects of others' drinking, and were less likely to drink and drive. The correlate…
The Expatient Organization
Halfway Houses For Former Mental Patients
Will Increasing Alcohol Availability By Lowering the Minimum Legal Drinking Age Decrease Drinking and Related Consequences Among Youths
Alcohol use health consequences are considerable; prevention efforts are needed, particularly for adolescents and college students. The national minimum legal drinking age of 21 years is a primary alcohol-control policy in the United States. An advocacy group supported by some college presidents seeks public debate on the minimum legal drinking age and proposes reducing it to 18 years. We reviewed recent trends in drinking and related consequence…
Alcohol Levels of Emergency Service Patients Injured in Fights and Assaults
Religious-Ethnic Differences in Alcohol Consumption
Numerous studies have reported differences in the drinking behavior of religious-ethnic subgroups. The present study utilized an objective measure of alcohol level-the Breathalyzer-as well as interviewers' observations and respondents' self-reports. Data were collected on 8,461 patients admitted to a hospital emergency service. Alcohol consumption, as indicated by Breathalyzer readings and other available measures, was significantly related to re…
The uses and misuses of data in assessing mental health needs
Some effects of experimentally induced anxiety upon discrimination behavior
The Family as a Determinant of Conflict in Self-Perceptions
The Expatient Organization
Halfway Houses For Former Mental Patients
Common Assumptions, Dimensions, And Problems Of Pathway Organizations
Community Growth, Depressive Disorders, and Suicide
A study of the relationship of population growth to the frequency of hospitalized mental illness and suicide in fifty Massachusetts communities indicates that rapidly growing communities tend to produce significantly higher rates of hospitalized depressive disorders and suicide, but not of schizophrenia, alcoholism, or other mental disorders. Alternative explanations of the findings are that (1) the higher rates of depression and suicide are a fa…
Salivation Rate
Severely depressed hospitalized patients who improve on antidepressant medication have significantly higher pretreatment salivation rates than those who do not improve (p = .005). Analysis of the variables of age, sex, diagnosis, and initial severity of depression shows that none decisively alters the relationship of salivation rate and improvement. Pretreatment salivation rate correlates with treatment outcome most strongly for patients on Marpl…
The Threat of Impending Disaster
How do human beings react to the threat of impending catastrophe? What is the range of behavior in situations for which neither culture nor personal experience has provided the individual with an adequate repertoire of responses?This volume developed from the December 1962 symposium of the American Association for the Advancement of Science on human response to the threat of impending disaster. It brings together insights gained from more than a …
The uses and misuses of data in assessing mental health needs
Fit of Individual and Community Characteristics and Rates of Psychiatric Hospitalization
A study was conducted of all first admissions to inpatient care in licensed Massachusetts mental hospitals during a three-year period, centered around the 1960 Census, to test the hypothesis that people with a particular personal characteristic who are living in communities where that characteristic is less common should have a higher rate of psychiatric hospitalization than people with the characteristic living in communities where it is more co…
Dental Manpower in an Urban Area
The critical health manpower problem in the United States is most evident in the field of dental health. Shortages of dentists are projected, due to rising population and income levels. This inadequacy will be accentuated by third-part payments, like Medicaid. The dental manpower situation in the Boston metropolitan area was assessed. It was found that towns that have low socioeconomic levels, compared with towns that have higher socioceonomic le…
Motivation of Dentists to Expand Their Practice
Williams, Allan F. Ph.D.; Wechsler, Henry Ph.D.; Avery, Mary H. M.P.H. Author Information
Religious-Ethnic Differences in Alcohol Consumption
Numerous studies have reported differences in the drinking behavior of religious-ethnic subgroups. The present study utilized an objective measure of alcohol level-the Breathalyzer-as well as interviewers' observations and respondents' self-reports. Data were collected on 8,461 patients admitted to a hospital emergency service. Alcohol consumption, as indicated by Breathalyzer readings and other available measures, was significantly related to re…
Variations in Visits to Hospital Emergency Care Facilities
Analysis of Boston Police Department ambulance runs, emergency unit visits to three Boston hospitals located within a six-block radius of one another, and weather conditions during 1968 allows both a micro- and a macrovtew of the influence of ritualistic and meteorological factors on hospital emergency unit utilization. On a theoretical plane, differences in the temporal distribution of injuries vs. diseases and emergent vs. nonurgent conditions …
Public Intoxication
Denise Thum, Henry Wechsler, Harold W. Demone, Jr., Public Intoxication: The Arrest Records and Alcohol Levels of Emergency Service Patients, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Sep., 1971), pp. 259-264
Social Characteristics and Blood Alcohol Level; Measurements of Subgroup Differences
In 6266 patients admitted to an emergency hospital service, blood alcohol levels were significantly related to sex, age, marital status, and religious-ethnic background, but not to social class
Teen-Age Drinking, Drug Use, and Social Correlates
An association was found between heavy drinking and illicit drug use by teen-agers in two Massachusetts communities. Extent of drinking was related to alienation from parents, delinquent behavior and identification with a youth culture
Alcohol Levels of Emergency Service Patients Injured in Fights and Assaults
Choice of Practice Location
Geographic maldistribution of dentists is an important aspect of the current and projected dental manpower shortage. In an effort to understand some of the factors associated with dentists' choice of practice location, approximately 2,400 dentists who graduated from selected dental schools during 1950, 1955, and 1960 through 1965, were surveyed and the relationship between their current practice location, their place of residence at the time of a…
Emotional problems and concerns of New England college students
Data collected in a questionnaire survey of more than 7000 undergraduates at 34 New England colleges and universities indicates that prevalence of common problems experienced by students was significantly associated with sex, health status, academic standing, drug use, and difficulties with weight control
Psychoactive Drug Use by Young and Future Physicians
William E. McAuliffe, Mary Rohman, Paul Fishman, Rob Friedman, Henry Wechsler, Stephen H. Soboroff, David Toth, Psychoactive Drug Use by Young and Future Physicians, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar., 1984), pp. 34-54
Health and Behavioral Consequences of Binge Drinking in College
Objective. —To examine the extent of binge drinking by college students and the ensuing health and behavioral problems that binge drinkers create for themselves and others on their campus. Design. —Self-administered survey mailed to a national representative sample of US 4-year college students. Setting. —One hundred forty US 4-year colleges in 1993. Participants. —A total of 17592 college students. Main Outcome Measures. —Self-reports of drinkin…
Correlates of college student binge drinking
OBJECTIVES. This study examines the individual correlates of college student binge drinking. METHODS. Questionnaires were completed by a representative national sample (n = 17,592) of students on 140 campuses in 1993. Binge drinking was defined as five or more drinks per episode for men and as four or more drinks per episode for women. RESULTS. Overall, 44% of the students (50% of the men and 39% of the women) binged. While demographic factors su…
A gender-specific measure of binge drinking among college students
This study examined the relationship of volume of alcohol consumed to the occurrence of alcohol-related problems among male and female college students to develop a gender-specific measure of heavy episodic or binge drinking by college students for public health research. A self-administered survey was mailed to a national representative sample of students at 140 4-year colleges in 40 states and the District of Columbia. A total of 17,592 college…
Changes in Binge Drinking and Related Problems Among American College Students Between 1993 and 1997 Results of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study
In 1997, the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study resurveyed colleges that participated in a 1993 study. The findings revealed little change in binge drinking: a slight decrease in percentage of binge drinkers and slight increases in percentages of abstainers and frequent binge drinkers. Two of 5 students were binge drinkers (42.7%); 1 in 5 (19.0%) was an abstainer, and 1 in 5 was a frequent binge drinker (20.7%). As was true in …
Medicine (43 obras) · Psychology (36 obras) · Environmental health (33 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (25 obras) · Poison control (24 obras) · Psychiatry (21 obras) · Demography (20 obras) · Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects (19 obras) · Suicide prevention (19 obras) · Injury prevention (18 obras)