David Rossiter
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 150218 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David Rossiter |
| NOMBRES | David |
| APELLIDO | Rossiter |
| FIRMA | ROSSITER D |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Bristol |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 377 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 51 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1981 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
SoilGrids 2.0
SoilGrids produces maps of soil properties for the entire globe at medium spatial resolution (250 m cell size) using state-of-the-art machine learning methods to generate the necessary models. It takes as inputs soil observations from about 240 000 locations worldwide and over 400 global environmental covariates describing vegetation, terrain morphology, climate, geology and hydrology. The aim of this work was the production of global maps of soi…
Coming full circle
After a period of little change, the United Kingdom's electoral map changed markedly in the last decades of the twentieth century and the first decade of the twenty-first. The three most recent elections - in 2010, 2015 and 2017 - witnessed further very substantial change, in part reflecting changes to the party system and the geography of party competition. This commentary explores those recent changes, showing how changes in support for parties…
A re-dividing nation? A newly polarised electoral geography of Great Britain
When Is a Gerrymander Not a Gerrymander
Members of the British Labour party have, not for the first time, criticised the Boundary Commissions’ proposals for new constituency boundaries as gerrymandering. This represents a misuse of the term: the Commissions have produced recommended constituencies in the context of new rules for such redistributions that give precedence to equality of electorates across all seats and the boundaries of those constituencies have been defined without any …
MPs' Responses to a Proposed New Constituency Map
Until new legislation was passed in 2011, community ties and continuity of representation were the major criteria deployed by the United Kingdom's Boundary Commissions when defining parliamentary constituency boundaries. Equality of electorates is now the paramount criterion, and the Commissions' first proposals using that new format substantially fractured many of the existing constituencies. MPs were able to respond to the Commissions' proposal…
Manipulating Territories
In 2011 the UK Parliament introduced a new set of rules and timetable for the redistribution of Parliamentary constituencies, which also included a new procedure for public consultation on the Boundary Commissions' proposals. The first redistribution under this new regime began in 2011, and an extensive series of Public Hearings and submission of written representations took place in late 2011 and early 2012. During the consultation, the politica…
Local Inquiries or Public Hearings
The UK government undertakes a variety of public consultation procedures during the implementation of a range of policies, some of which involve public hearings with varying formats. In 2011 it proposed a major change to such procedures used in the redistribution of Parliamentary constituency boundaries. Local Inquiries were deemed ‘not fit for purpose’ and eliminated, because they were lengthy and dominated by the political parties seeking elect…
Representing People and Representing Places
In late 2011 to early 2012 the four UK Boundary Commissions published their provisional recommendations for new parliamentary constituencies. These were produced according to new rules for redistributions legislated in 2011, which make electoral equality the paramount criterion; organic criteria—such as continuity of constituency boundaries and fitting those within the maps of communities represented by local government territories—could only be …
The principles and processes of redistribution
In 2011 the UK Parliament enacted fundamental changes to the country's procedures for electoral redistributions – redefining Parliamentary constituency boundaries. After five reviews conducted under rules which gave precedence to organic criteria – creating a map of constituencies to reflect and represent distinct communities – it switched to a radically revised set in which arithmetic criteria predominate; all constituencies must have electorate…
Somewhat more disruptive than we had in mind’ 1
In February 2011 the UK Parliament passed an Act that both reduced the number of MPs to be elected to the House of Commons and significantly altered the rules for the definition of Parliamentary constituencies. After six redistributions in which organic criteria—MPs representing places with a community of interest—dominated the redrawing of constituency boundaries, the new rules gave precedence to an arithmetic criterion: all constituencies must …
Change the Seats, Change the Participation? Parliamentary Redistricting and Constituency Turnout
Electoral redistricting reshuffles the links between communities and constituencies, replacing old geographies of representation with new ones. The process can be unsettling for both parties and voters, raising anxieties about how their interests might be represented. For instance, a recurrent worry among those commenting on proposed new seats during the 6th Periodic Review of the UK's constituencies has been that radically redrawing constituency…
Can the Boundary Commissions Help the Conservative Party? Constituency Size and Electoral Bias in the United Kingdom
As part of a strategy to remove perceived biases operating against it in the system used for elections to the House of Commons, the British Conservative party is promoting a revision of the rules used by the Boundary Commissions to ensure greater equality in constituency electorates. A Bill designed to achieve this—and also to reduce the size of the House—was introduced to the House of Lords in 2007. This paper critiques that Bill and suggests an…
Far Too Elaborate About So Little
New Parliamentary constituency boundaries for England were implemented in 2007. It took over six years for the Boundary Commission to produce its final recommendations, and the new constituencies—which will probably first be used at a general election in 2009/2010—are based on electorate data for 2000; they will thus be seriously out-of-date by the time they are first used, and are likely still to be in place for at least one further general elec…
Disproportionality and Bias in the Results of the 2005 General Election in Great Britain
The 2005 UK general election resulted for the third successive time in the Labour party winning a much larger share of seats in the House of Commons than of the votes cast. Furthermore, with an equal share of the votes the Conservative party would have won 111 seats fewer than Labour. Commentators have used this outcome to criticise aspects of the country’s electoral system. This paper reports a decomposition of the pro‐Labour bias in the 2005 re…
Changing the scale and changing the result
SimBritain
In this paper we present an account of a 3‐year research project that is aimed at dynamically simulating urban and regional populations in Britain. In the context of this project we are using data from the 1991 UK Census Small Area Statistics (SAS) and the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), in order to dynamically simulate the entire population of Britain into 2021 at the small area level. This paper discusses the structure, aims and objectiv…
Fantastic topographies
This paper presents an analysis of the referendum on Native land claims that took place in British Columbia (BC) in the spring of 2002. The province's Liberal Government claimed that the referendum was needed in order to secure a public mandate for a set of negotiating principles that would breath new life into the supposedly stalled treaty process. Drawing evidence from government press releases, politicians' statements and media coverage, we ar…
The Election Results in the UK Regions
REGIONAL variations are frequently highlighted in discussions of voting at UK general elections and in the consequent patterns of Parliamentary representation. With regard to voting patterns, the implication is of inter-regional differences in the propensity of voters to support the various political parties because of differences in local ‘political culture’—as exemplified by relatively high levels of support for the Liberal Democrats in Devon a…
Disproportionality and bias in US Presidential Elections
The nature of protest
This paper examines the representations of nature circulating in a Greenpeace anti-logging campaign in British Columbia, Canada. The effort to stop industrial logging in a region of the central coast named 'the Great Bear Rainforest' is presented as a case study through which nature's social production can be glimpsed. Part of the larger 'war in the woods' that gripped British Columbia throughout the 1990s, the campaign considered here pitted Gre…
Distortion magnified
Devolution and Equality of Representation in the United Kingdom
Labour electoral landslides and the changing efficiency of voting distributions
The translation of votes into seats under first–past–the–post electoral systems with single–member constituencies invariably results in disproportional allocations of seats relative to votes among the main two parties. It also tends to produce biased outcomes, with one party getting a more disproportionate share of the seats with a given share of the votes than does its opponent. In Great Britain, these biases favoured the Conservative party unti…
He lost…but he won! electoral bias and George W. Bush's victory in the US presidential election, 2000
Class Dealignment and the Neighbourhood Effect
The concept of a neighbourhood effect within British voting patterns has largely been discarded, because no data have been available for testing it at the appropriate spatial scales. To undertake such tests, bespoke neighbourhoods have been created around the home of each respondent to the 1997 British Election Study survey in England and Wales, and small-area census data have been assembled for these to depict the socio-economic characteristics …
Class Dealignment and the Neighbourhood Effect
The concept of a neighbourhood effect within British voting patterns has largely been discarded, because no data have been available for testing it at the appropriate spatial scales. To undertake such tests, bespoke neighbourhoods have been created around the home of each respondent to the 1997 British Election Study survey in England and Wales, and small-area census data have been assembled for these to depict the socio-economic characteristics …
Local Context, Retrospective Economic Evaluations, and Voting
Integrating and decomposing the sources of partisan bias
Estimating the Partisan Impact of Redistricting in Great Britain
Redistricting has a substantial influence on parties' electoral fortunes, so the process receives extremely close attention from those potentially affected by changes to the pattern of constituency boundaries. In the United Kingdom, redistricting recommendations are made by independent Boundary Commissions, but the political parties can influence the nature of those recommendations through the representations that they make during the consultativ…
Geographical Scale, the ‘Feel‐Good Factor’ and Voting at the 1997 General Election in England and Wales
Many analysts associate voting patterns in Great Britain with electors' evaluations of the state of the economy, whereby those who think it has improved recently are likely to vote for the government's return to power, whereas those who think it has worsened are more likely to vote for an opposition party. Most of these studies consider the national economy only, but data derived from the 1997 British Election Study cross–sectional survey show st…
The nature of protest
This paper examines the representations of nature circulating in a Greenpeace anti-logging campaign in British Columbia, Canada. The effort to stop industrial logging in a region of the central coast named 'the Great Bear Rainforest' is presented as a case study through which nature's social production can be glimpsed. Part of the larger 'war in the woods' that gripped British Columbia throughout the 1990s, the campaign considered here pitted Gre…
Social locations, spatial locations and voting at the 1997 British general election
SimBritain
In this paper we present an account of a 3‐year research project that is aimed at dynamically simulating urban and regional populations in Britain. In the context of this project we are using data from the 1991 UK Census Small Area Statistics (SAS) and the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), in order to dynamically simulate the entire population of Britain into 2021 at the small area level. This paper discusses the structure, aims and objectiv…
Fantastic topographies
This paper presents an analysis of the referendum on Native land claims that took place in British Columbia (BC) in the spring of 2002. The province's Liberal Government claimed that the referendum was needed in order to secure a public mandate for a set of negotiating principles that would breath new life into the supposedly stalled treaty process. Drawing evidence from government press releases, politicians' statements and media coverage, we ar…
Housing tenure, local context, scale and voting in England and Wales, 1997
Labour electoral landslides and the changing efficiency of voting distributions
The translation of votes into seats under first–past–the–post electoral systems with single–member constituencies invariably results in disproportional allocations of seats relative to votes among the main two parties. It also tends to produce biased outcomes, with one party getting a more disproportionate share of the seats with a given share of the votes than does its opponent. In Great Britain, these biases favoured the Conservative party unti…
Disproportionality and bias in US Presidential Elections
Changing Biases in the Operation of the UK's Electoral System, 1950–97
The biased outcomes of recent British general elections, whereby the two main parties (Conservative and Labour) would have achieved different percentages of the seats in the House of Commons for the same percentages of the votes cast, are explored, using a method of bias decomposition developed by a New Zealand political scientist. Overall, the situation changed markedly between 1950 and 1997: the biases in the system strongly favoured the Conser…
Program GROUP
A computer program is designed to produce all of the electoral constituencies for an English local authority, within the constraints imposed on the Parliamentary Boundary Commissioners. This builds on the seminal work of Gudgin and Taylor, and introduces size constraints, evaluates shape, and evaluates the electoral consequences of swings in voter opinion
The neighbourhood effect and voting in England and wales
(2000). The neighbourhood effect and voting in England and wales: Real or imagined? British Elections & Parties Review: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 47-63
Anatomy of Labour Landslide
Journal Article Anatomy of Labour Landslide: The Constituency System and the 1997 General Election Get access RON JOHNSTON, RON JOHNSTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CHARLES PATTIE, CHARLES PATTIE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DAVID ROSSITER, DAVID ROSSITER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DANNY DORLING, DANNY DORLING Sea…
Can the Boundary Commissions Help the Conservative Party? Constituency Size and Electoral Bias in the United Kingdom
As part of a strategy to remove perceived biases operating against it in the system used for elections to the House of Commons, the British Conservative party is promoting a revision of the rules used by the Boundary Commissions to ensure greater equality in constituency electorates. A Bill designed to achieve this—and also to reduce the size of the House—was introduced to the House of Lords in 2007. This paper critiques that Bill and suggests an…
Locating the Altruistic Voter
Egocentric economic voting models are widely used in studies of voting behaviour in Great Britain: they suggest that people whose standard of living has risen recently as a perceived consequence of government policies are more likely to vote for the government's return to office than are those who blame government policies for a decline in their living standards. But many people whose living standards have increased vote against the government. A…
The Partisan Impacts of Non‐Partisan Redistricting
Space is manipulated for political purposes in a great variety of ways, and its restructuring is frequently a focus of conflict. The nature of such conflict is explored here. 1 Legislation requires that all parliamentary constituencies in the United Kingdom are periodically reviewed by independent Boundary Commissions. The Fourth Periodic Review in Northern Ireland began in 1993 and coincided with a period of intense political activity, associate…
Representing People and Representing Places
In late 2011 to early 2012 the four UK Boundary Commissions published their provisional recommendations for new parliamentary constituencies. These were produced according to new rules for redistributions legislated in 2011, which make electoral equality the paramount criterion; organic criteria—such as continuity of constituency boundaries and fitting those within the maps of communities represented by local government territories—could only be …
Far Too Elaborate About So Little
New Parliamentary constituency boundaries for England were implemented in 2007. It took over six years for the Boundary Commission to produce its final recommendations, and the new constituencies—which will probably first be used at a general election in 2009/2010—are based on electorate data for 2000; they will thus be seriously out-of-date by the time they are first used, and are likely still to be in place for at least one further general elec…
Shape and the Definition of Parliamentary Constituencies
Somewhat more disruptive than we had in mind’ 1
In February 2011 the UK Parliament passed an Act that both reduced the number of MPs to be elected to the House of Commons and significantly altered the rules for the definition of Parliamentary constituencies. After six redistributions in which organic criteria—MPs representing places with a community of interest—dominated the redrawing of constituency boundaries, the new rules gave precedence to an arithmetic criterion: all constituencies must …
Change the Seats, Change the Participation? Parliamentary Redistricting and Constituency Turnout
Electoral redistricting reshuffles the links between communities and constituencies, replacing old geographies of representation with new ones. The process can be unsettling for both parties and voters, raising anxieties about how their interests might be represented. For instance, a recurrent worry among those commenting on proposed new seats during the 6th Periodic Review of the UK's constituencies has been that radically redrawing constituency…
Redistricting and Electoral Bias in Great Britain
One of the salient characteristics of the British first-past-the-post electoral system is the amount of bias which it produces. Parties with large percentages of the votes (i.e. 25 or greater) almost invariably get even larger percentage shares of the parliamentary seats, whereas those with smaller vote percentages tend to get very few seats. That bias largely reflects the superimposition of a geography of constituency boundaries on the geographi…
Shape and the Definition of Parliamentary Constituencies
Program GROUP
A computer program is designed to produce all of the electoral constituencies for an English local authority, within the constraints imposed on the Parliamentary Boundary Commissioners. This builds on the seminal work of Gudgin and Taylor, and introduces size constraints, evaluates shape, and evaluates the electoral consequences of swings in voter opinion
Redistricting Revisited
Redisricting London
The Parliamentary Boundary Commission for England will soon be producing provisional recommendations for new constituencies for Greater London, which stands to lose as many as thirteen seats. In tackling this task, the Commission faces a substantial problem if it sticks to the previous practice of allocating seats separately to each London borough, and not being prepared to cross borough boundaries in the creation of constituencies. It is shown t…
Toward the Integrated Support of Computer Graphics and Computer Music Creativity
Electoral Registration, Population Mobility and the Democratic Franchise
A core concern of population geography is with the size, location and movement of groups of people. Most census analysis concentrates on various types of ‘residents’ of an area; many studies concentrate on ‘households’ while the population subgroups receiving considerable attention include children, the elderly, refugees, and ethnic minorities. The size, location and movement of one (very large and significant) group has received little attention…
The evolution and partisan impact of Scottish and welsh over‐representation in the redrawing of British parliamentary constituencies
Members of parliament and electoral redistricting in Britain
The Organic or the Arithmetic
JOHNSTON R. J., PATTIE C. J. and ROSSITER D. J. (1997) The organic or the arithmetic: independent commissions and the redrawing of the UK's administrative maps, Reg. Studies 31, 337-349. Several elements of the administrative map of the UK were changed in the mid-1990s with the creation of new parliamentary constituencies and new unitary local authorities. The tasks of drawing-up the new maps involved resolving the tensions between two conflictin…
Sleaze, constituency and dissent
Dissension has become increasingly common within the UK House of Commons in recent decades. In November 1995, the government's position on recommendations regarding the disclosure of MPs' financial interests linked to their Parliamentary position was defeated because 22 of its backbenchers voted for a Labour amendment, which was carried. This paper looks at the pattern of voting on that issue, with particular reference to the constituency situati…
Redistricting and Electoral Bias in Great Britain
One of the salient characteristics of the British first-past-the-post electoral system is the amount of bias which it produces. Parties with large percentages of the votes (i.e. 25 or greater) almost invariably get even larger percentage shares of the parliamentary seats, whereas those with smaller vote percentages tend to get very few seats. That bias largely reflects the superimposition of a geography of constituency boundaries on the geographi…
Estimating the Partisan Impact of Redistricting in Great Britain
Redistricting has a substantial influence on parties' electoral fortunes, so the process receives extremely close attention from those potentially affected by changes to the pattern of constituency boundaries. In the United Kingdom, redistricting recommendations are made by independent Boundary Commissions, but the political parties can influence the nature of those recommendations through the representations that they make during the consultativ…
New labour landslide ‐ same old electoral geography
(1998). New labour landslide ‐ same old electoral geography? British Elections & Parties Review: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 35-64
The Partisan Impacts of Non‐Partisan Redistricting
Space is manipulated for political purposes in a great variety of ways, and its restructuring is frequently a focus of conflict. The nature of such conflict is explored here. 1 Legislation requires that all parliamentary constituencies in the United Kingdom are periodically reviewed by independent Boundary Commissions. The Fourth Periodic Review in Northern Ireland began in 1993 and coincided with a period of intense political activity, associate…
Can we ever get rid of geography? Observations on the possible use of STV in United Kingdom general elections
The following article analyses the 1997 general election results in Wales. The authors conclude that the boundaries of multi‐member constituencies under the single transferable vote system would have an influence, albeit muted, on party representation
Anatomy of Labour Landslide
Journal Article Anatomy of Labour Landslide: The Constituency System and the 1997 General Election Get access RON JOHNSTON, RON JOHNSTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CHARLES PATTIE, CHARLES PATTIE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DAVID ROSSITER, DAVID ROSSITER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DANNY DORLING, DANNY DORLING Sea…
Changing Biases in the Operation of the UK's Electoral System, 1950–97
The biased outcomes of recent British general elections, whereby the two main parties (Conservative and Labour) would have achieved different percentages of the seats in the House of Commons for the same percentages of the votes cast, are explored, using a method of bias decomposition developed by a New Zealand political scientist. Overall, the situation changed markedly between 1950 and 1997: the biases in the system strongly favoured the Conser…
New Labour's landslide and electoral bias
Integrating and decomposing the sources of partisan bias
The neighbourhood effect and voting in England and wales
(2000). The neighbourhood effect and voting in England and wales: Real or imagined? British Elections & Parties Review: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 47-63
Integrating and decomposing the sources of bias
Geographical Scale, the ‘Feel‐Good Factor’ and Voting at the 1997 General Election in England and Wales
Many analysts associate voting patterns in Great Britain with electors' evaluations of the state of the economy, whereby those who think it has improved recently are likely to vote for the government's return to power, whereas those who think it has worsened are more likely to vote for an opposition party. Most of these studies consider the national economy only, but data derived from the 1997 British Election Study cross–sectional survey show st…
Local Context, Retrospective Economic Evaluations, and Voting
Locating the Altruistic Voter
Egocentric economic voting models are widely used in studies of voting behaviour in Great Britain: they suggest that people whose standard of living has risen recently as a perceived consequence of government policies are more likely to vote for the government's return to office than are those who blame government policies for a decline in their living standards. But many people whose living standards have increased vote against the government. A…
He lost…but he won! electoral bias and George W. Bush's victory in the US presidential election, 2000
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