Peter Whiteford
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1644792 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Peter Whiteford |
| NOMBRES | Peter |
| APELLIDO | Whiteford |
| FIRMA | WHITEFORD P |
| AFILIACIONES | Australian National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5963-6797 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 167 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 23 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1992 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Changes in work and health of Australians during the Covid-19 pandemic
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620000857909
Statistics and stereotypes
In the past decade, libertarians, free‐market think tanks, and conservative media and politicians in English‐speaking countries (Romney, 2012; Ryan, 2010; Morrison, 2016) have increasingly argued that a growing share of the population is receiving more in benefits than they pay in taxes and is “voting for a living”. This presentation of a class conflict between “tax producers” and “tax consumers” is related to public choice theories (MacLean, 201…
Debt by design
‘Robodebt’ is the label applied to an Australian government initiative designed to increase recoveries of ‘overpayments’ made to social security recipients. Following complaints from many of those affected, there have been multiple investigations and inquiries, and a Federal Court Case which ruled the policy unlawful. The government is in the process of paying back more than $1000 million to more than 400,000 people after conceding the largest cl…
Comparing formal and informal social protection
In most global south countries, various informal institutions provide welfare to a large segment of the neglected, poor and vulnerable populations through informal social protection. Despite being a major source of welfare in the global south, the usefulness of informal social protection at the household level remains an under-researched area. In this exploratory study, we have determined the usefulness of informal social protection provided thro…
Designing Social Security Systems
Social protection systems reflect each country's history, culture and social values, as well as its economic capacity. But, once first established, they can be very hard to redesign as expectations are locked in, and the scale of the systems makes major change a difficult and risky management challenge. This paper describes alternative designs of social security systems and how each addresses the two core objectives of poverty alleviation and inc…
Australia
The Global Financial Crisis and Child Poverty
While events associated with the global financial crisis ( GFC ) had a profound impact on real family incomes and well‐being in many rich countries, impacts in A ustralia were relatively minor. One reason for this was the massive policy response by the Australian government at the outset of the GFC , which pumped billions of dollars into the pockets of low and middle income families. This article examines the impact of this stimulus on child pove…
Public and Private Social Welfare
Pension reform in China
This article analyses China's progress in creating a national old‐age insurance system, providing a detailed description of the system and an assessment of the degree to which it has so far realised its primary goal of social security for more people. Since 1997, there have been many reforms, but despite progress, the scope of the system is limited, with the coverage rate among urban employees being below 50 per cent. The rural population largely…
The Welfare Expenditure Debate
Just over 20 years ago, Fred Gruen (1982) reviewed debates about the level of welfare expenditure in Australia, noting them as being motivated on the one hand by the view that ‘more is better’, and on the other hand by the view that ‘too much’ is dangerous. Despite Gruen's debunking of many assertions about the Australian welfare state, the debate continues, with arguments on the one hand, that Australian welfare state spending is ‘mean’ compared…
Combating Child Poverty in Oecd Countries
Child poverty is on the policy agenda in all OECD countries. One of the main issues in the debate about child poverty is the appropriate balance between the “tax and benefits strategy” (increasing the adequacy of benefits for low income families with children) and the “work strategy” (promoting policies to increase employment among poor families). This article assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parent…
Welfare State Reform in Continental and Southern Europe
Since the early 1990s many European welfare states have introduced reforms to their systems of social protection, in response to significant demographic and labour market challenges. This paper provides an overview of these diverse policy responses in a range of Continental countries (France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Austria), as well as in a range of Southern European countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece). The fi…
Les réformes de la protection sociale dans les pays d'Europe continentale et du Sud
Depuis le début des années quatre-vingt-dix, les défis posés par la démographie et le marché du travail ont conduit de nombreux États providence européens à engager des réformes de leurs systèmes de protection sociale. Dans cet article, nous brossons un panorama des stratégies adoptées pour relever ces défis dans plusieurs pays d'Europe continentale (France, Allemagne, Belgique, Luxembourg, Pays-Bas et Autriche) et d'Europe du Sud (Italie, Espagn…
From Enterprise Protection to Social Protection
The Chinese system of social protection has been subject to significant reforms over the past 25 years, but it can still be regarded as a system in transition. These reforms have been impressive in scope and much has been achieved in extending coverage, pooling resources, improving administration of payments, and in starting to address the issue of future financing requirements. Nevertheless, the system is not yet fully appropriate for the challe…
Reconsiling devolution and equity in income security
This article outlines a range of issues to be considered when assessing the advantages and disadvantages of devolution strategies, specifically in the context of income support policies. The objective of the article is to provide a starting point for discussion of the relationship between devolution and interregional and intra-regional equity
Social Assistance in Oecd Countries
This article presents selected results from the first comparative study of social assistance across all 24 countries of the OECD. The scope of social assistance, discussed in the first section, is drawn to include all means-tested benefits in cash and kind, including those which provide benefits to higher income groups. The second section then presents in formation on the main programmes in each country, expenditures and groups of beneficia ries,…
The use of replacement rates in international comparisons of benefit systems
Comparative studies of social security systems have increasingly turned towards the use of replacement rates as measures of the level of benefits in different countries and therefore of the degree of social protection afforded by different welfare systems. The rationale for this is that replacement rates provide consistent measures of the relative generosity of payments and therefore indicate the “quality” of social security systems. This article…
Benefits and incentives for lone parents
One of the most striking trends over the past 20 years is the growth in the number of lone parent families in developed countries. This article provides an analysis of the structure of incentives in benefit systems for lone parents in a cross‐national perspective, using data from a recent comparative study of the systems of support for families with children in 17 countries (the members of the European Union, Australia, Japan, Norway, Sweden and …
Income Distribution and Social Policy Under a Reformist Government
For most of the past decade, the Australian Government has developed its social policies within the framework of a consensual incomes policy. While this has led to a fall in the real average earnings of Australian workers, until 1990, the employed workforce grew at nearly the fastest rate of all OECD countries, and female labour force participation increased markedly. At the same time, there were constraints on public expenditure, under which eli…
Child Support in Lone-Parent Families
Under the provisions of the Child Support Bill of 1991, a new system of child maintenance is currently being implemented in Britain in order to increase the coverage and level of private support for children whose parents have separated or divorced. When the scheme was introduced, the government indicated that the recent Australian system of child support had been one model for this initiative. This paper compares the main features of the Austral…
Poverty in 1986
This paper brings together information from the 1986 Census of Population and Dwellings and the 1986 Income Distribution Survey to estimate poverty rates for Aboriginal families and other families. It also describes the factors associated with income poverty among Aboriginal families. The analysis in this paper is primarily descriptive and is limited to measuring income poverty using the Henderson poverty line. The main objective is to provide th…
How Much Redistribution Do Welfare States Achieve? The Role of Cash Transfers and Household Taxes
Familienbesteuerung; Sozialtransfer; Familienleistungsausgleich; Verteilungswirkung; Haushaltseinkommen; OECD-Staaten
The Australian system of social protection—an overview
Social Assistance in Oecd Countries
This article presents selected results from the first comparative study of social assistance across all 24 countries of the OECD. The scope of social assistance, discussed in the first section, is drawn to include all means-tested benefits in cash and kind, including those which provide benefits to higher income groups. The second section then presents in formation on the main programmes in each country, expenditures and groups of beneficia ries,…
Debt by design
‘Robodebt’ is the label applied to an Australian government initiative designed to increase recoveries of ‘overpayments’ made to social security recipients. Following complaints from many of those affected, there have been multiple investigations and inquiries, and a Federal Court Case which ruled the policy unlawful. The government is in the process of paying back more than $1000 million to more than 400,000 people after conceding the largest cl…
The use of replacement rates in international comparisons of benefit systems
Comparative studies of social security systems have increasingly turned towards the use of replacement rates as measures of the level of benefits in different countries and therefore of the degree of social protection afforded by different welfare systems. The rationale for this is that replacement rates provide consistent measures of the relative generosity of payments and therefore indicate the “quality” of social security systems. This article…
Pension reform in China
This article analyses China's progress in creating a national old‐age insurance system, providing a detailed description of the system and an assessment of the degree to which it has so far realised its primary goal of social security for more people. Since 1997, there have been many reforms, but despite progress, the scope of the system is limited, with the coverage rate among urban employees being below 50 per cent. The rural population largely…
Comparing formal and informal social protection
In most global south countries, various informal institutions provide welfare to a large segment of the neglected, poor and vulnerable populations through informal social protection. Despite being a major source of welfare in the global south, the usefulness of informal social protection at the household level remains an under-researched area. In this exploratory study, we have determined the usefulness of informal social protection provided thro…
Child Support in Lone-Parent Families
Under the provisions of the Child Support Bill of 1991, a new system of child maintenance is currently being implemented in Britain in order to increase the coverage and level of private support for children whose parents have separated or divorced. When the scheme was introduced, the government indicated that the recent Australian system of child support had been one model for this initiative. This paper compares the main features of the Austral…
Benefits and incentives for lone parents
One of the most striking trends over the past 20 years is the growth in the number of lone parent families in developed countries. This article provides an analysis of the structure of incentives in benefit systems for lone parents in a cross‐national perspective, using data from a recent comparative study of the systems of support for families with children in 17 countries (the members of the European Union, Australia, Japan, Norway, Sweden and …
From Enterprise Protection to Social Protection
The Chinese system of social protection has been subject to significant reforms over the past 25 years, but it can still be regarded as a system in transition. These reforms have been impressive in scope and much has been achieved in extending coverage, pooling resources, improving administration of payments, and in starting to address the issue of future financing requirements. Nevertheless, the system is not yet fully appropriate for the challe…
Income Distribution and Social Policy Under a Reformist Government
For most of the past decade, the Australian Government has developed its social policies within the framework of a consensual incomes policy. While this has led to a fall in the real average earnings of Australian workers, until 1990, the employed workforce grew at nearly the fastest rate of all OECD countries, and female labour force participation increased markedly. At the same time, there were constraints on public expenditure, under which eli…
The Global Financial Crisis and Child Poverty
While events associated with the global financial crisis ( GFC ) had a profound impact on real family incomes and well‐being in many rich countries, impacts in A ustralia were relatively minor. One reason for this was the massive policy response by the Australian government at the outset of the GFC , which pumped billions of dollars into the pockets of low and middle income families. This article examines the impact of this stimulus on child pove…
Combating Child Poverty in Oecd Countries
Child poverty is on the policy agenda in all OECD countries. One of the main issues in the debate about child poverty is the appropriate balance between the “tax and benefits strategy” (increasing the adequacy of benefits for low income families with children) and the “work strategy” (promoting policies to increase employment among poor families). This article assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parent…
Poverty in 1986
This paper brings together information from the 1986 Census of Population and Dwellings and the 1986 Income Distribution Survey to estimate poverty rates for Aboriginal families and other families. It also describes the factors associated with income poverty among Aboriginal families. The analysis in this paper is primarily descriptive and is limited to measuring income poverty using the Henderson poverty line. The main objective is to provide th…
Statistics and stereotypes
In the past decade, libertarians, free‐market think tanks, and conservative media and politicians in English‐speaking countries (Romney, 2012; Ryan, 2010; Morrison, 2016) have increasingly argued that a growing share of the population is receiving more in benefits than they pay in taxes and is “voting for a living”. This presentation of a class conflict between “tax producers” and “tax consumers” is related to public choice theories (MacLean, 201…
Les réformes de la protection sociale dans les pays d'Europe continentale et du Sud
Depuis le début des années quatre-vingt-dix, les défis posés par la démographie et le marché du travail ont conduit de nombreux États providence européens à engager des réformes de leurs systèmes de protection sociale. Dans cet article, nous brossons un panorama des stratégies adoptées pour relever ces défis dans plusieurs pays d'Europe continentale (France, Allemagne, Belgique, Luxembourg, Pays-Bas et Autriche) et d'Europe du Sud (Italie, Espagn…
Poverty in 1986
This paper brings together information from the 1986 Census of Population and Dwellings and the 1986 Income Distribution Survey to estimate poverty rates for Aboriginal families and other families. It also describes the factors associated with income poverty among Aboriginal families. The analysis in this paper is primarily descriptive and is limited to measuring income poverty using the Henderson poverty line. The main objective is to provide th…
Child Support in Lone-Parent Families
Under the provisions of the Child Support Bill of 1991, a new system of child maintenance is currently being implemented in Britain in order to increase the coverage and level of private support for children whose parents have separated or divorced. When the scheme was introduced, the government indicated that the recent Australian system of child support had been one model for this initiative. This paper compares the main features of the Austral…
Benefits and incentives for lone parents
One of the most striking trends over the past 20 years is the growth in the number of lone parent families in developed countries. This article provides an analysis of the structure of incentives in benefit systems for lone parents in a cross‐national perspective, using data from a recent comparative study of the systems of support for families with children in 17 countries (the members of the European Union, Australia, Japan, Norway, Sweden and …
Income Distribution and Social Policy Under a Reformist Government
For most of the past decade, the Australian Government has developed its social policies within the framework of a consensual incomes policy. While this has led to a fall in the real average earnings of Australian workers, until 1990, the employed workforce grew at nearly the fastest rate of all OECD countries, and female labour force participation increased markedly. At the same time, there were constraints on public expenditure, under which eli…
The use of replacement rates in international comparisons of benefit systems
Comparative studies of social security systems have increasingly turned towards the use of replacement rates as measures of the level of benefits in different countries and therefore of the degree of social protection afforded by different welfare systems. The rationale for this is that replacement rates provide consistent measures of the relative generosity of payments and therefore indicate the “quality” of social security systems. This article…
Social Assistance in Oecd Countries
This article presents selected results from the first comparative study of social assistance across all 24 countries of the OECD. The scope of social assistance, discussed in the first section, is drawn to include all means-tested benefits in cash and kind, including those which provide benefits to higher income groups. The second section then presents in formation on the main programmes in each country, expenditures and groups of beneficia ries,…
Reconsiling devolution and equity in income security
This article outlines a range of issues to be considered when assessing the advantages and disadvantages of devolution strategies, specifically in the context of income support policies. The objective of the article is to provide a starting point for discussion of the relationship between devolution and interregional and intra-regional equity
From Enterprise Protection to Social Protection
The Chinese system of social protection has been subject to significant reforms over the past 25 years, but it can still be regarded as a system in transition. These reforms have been impressive in scope and much has been achieved in extending coverage, pooling resources, improving administration of payments, and in starting to address the issue of future financing requirements. Nevertheless, the system is not yet fully appropriate for the challe…
The Welfare Expenditure Debate
Just over 20 years ago, Fred Gruen (1982) reviewed debates about the level of welfare expenditure in Australia, noting them as being motivated on the one hand by the view that ‘more is better’, and on the other hand by the view that ‘too much’ is dangerous. Despite Gruen's debunking of many assertions about the Australian welfare state, the debate continues, with arguments on the one hand, that Australian welfare state spending is ‘mean’ compared…
Combating Child Poverty in Oecd Countries
Child poverty is on the policy agenda in all OECD countries. One of the main issues in the debate about child poverty is the appropriate balance between the “tax and benefits strategy” (increasing the adequacy of benefits for low income families with children) and the “work strategy” (promoting policies to increase employment among poor families). This article assesses the extent to which child poverty is associated with the work status of parent…
Welfare State Reform in Continental and Southern Europe
Since the early 1990s many European welfare states have introduced reforms to their systems of social protection, in response to significant demographic and labour market challenges. This paper provides an overview of these diverse policy responses in a range of Continental countries (France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Austria), as well as in a range of Southern European countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece). The fi…
Les réformes de la protection sociale dans les pays d'Europe continentale et du Sud
Depuis le début des années quatre-vingt-dix, les défis posés par la démographie et le marché du travail ont conduit de nombreux États providence européens à engager des réformes de leurs systèmes de protection sociale. Dans cet article, nous brossons un panorama des stratégies adoptées pour relever ces défis dans plusieurs pays d'Europe continentale (France, Allemagne, Belgique, Luxembourg, Pays-Bas et Autriche) et d'Europe du Sud (Italie, Espagn…
Pension reform in China
This article analyses China's progress in creating a national old‐age insurance system, providing a detailed description of the system and an assessment of the degree to which it has so far realised its primary goal of social security for more people. Since 1997, there have been many reforms, but despite progress, the scope of the system is limited, with the coverage rate among urban employees being below 50 per cent. The rural population largely…
Public and Private Social Welfare
Australia
The Global Financial Crisis and Child Poverty
While events associated with the global financial crisis ( GFC ) had a profound impact on real family incomes and well‐being in many rich countries, impacts in A ustralia were relatively minor. One reason for this was the massive policy response by the Australian government at the outset of the GFC , which pumped billions of dollars into the pockets of low and middle income families. This article examines the impact of this stimulus on child pove…
Designing Social Security Systems
Social protection systems reflect each country's history, culture and social values, as well as its economic capacity. But, once first established, they can be very hard to redesign as expectations are locked in, and the scale of the systems makes major change a difficult and risky management challenge. This paper describes alternative designs of social security systems and how each addresses the two core objectives of poverty alleviation and inc…
Debt by design
‘Robodebt’ is the label applied to an Australian government initiative designed to increase recoveries of ‘overpayments’ made to social security recipients. Following complaints from many of those affected, there have been multiple investigations and inquiries, and a Federal Court Case which ruled the policy unlawful. The government is in the process of paying back more than $1000 million to more than 400,000 people after conceding the largest cl…
Comparing formal and informal social protection
In most global south countries, various informal institutions provide welfare to a large segment of the neglected, poor and vulnerable populations through informal social protection. Despite being a major source of welfare in the global south, the usefulness of informal social protection at the household level remains an under-researched area. In this exploratory study, we have determined the usefulness of informal social protection provided thro…
Changes in work and health of Australians during the Covid-19 pandemic
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12620000857909
Statistics and stereotypes
In the past decade, libertarians, free‐market think tanks, and conservative media and politicians in English‐speaking countries (Romney, 2012; Ryan, 2010; Morrison, 2016) have increasingly argued that a growing share of the population is receiving more in benefits than they pay in taxes and is “voting for a living”. This presentation of a class conflict between “tax producers” and “tax consumers” is related to public choice theories (MacLean, 201…
How Much Redistribution Do Welfare States Achieve? The Role of Cash Transfers and Household Taxes
Familienbesteuerung; Sozialtransfer; Familienleistungsausgleich; Verteilungswirkung; Haushaltseinkommen; OECD-Staaten
The Australian system of social protection—an overview
Economics (20 obras) · Political science (18 obras) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (17 obras) · Economic growth (16 obras) · Employment and Welfare Studies (10 obras) · Public economics (9 obras) · Welfare (9 obras) · Business (8 obras) · Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism (8 obras) · Law (8 obras)