Jürg Luterbacher
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 165757 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jürg Luterbacher |
| NOMBRES | Jürg |
| APELLIDO | Luterbacher |
| FIRMA | LUTERBACHER J |
| AFILIACIONES | Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8569-0973 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 27 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 12 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 27 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1998 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Atmospheric patterns drive marine heatwaves in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea during summer 2023
The year 2023 experienced record-breaking marine heatwaves (MHWs) across the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, contributing to the highest global surface air and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) on record. These events were exceptional in intensity, persistence, and spatial extent, reflecting the combined influence of anthropogenic warming, short-term climate modes and complex atmosphere-ocean interactions. This study investigates the large-sc…
The First Plague Pandemic in the Byzantine Empire – Toward a New Dynamic Consensus
The Emergence of Interdisciplinary Environmental History
With the efflorescence of palaeoscientific approaches to the past, historians have been confronted with a wealth of new evidence on both human and natural phenomena, from human disease and migration to landscape change and climate. These new data require a rewriting of our narratives of the past, questioning what constitutes an authoritative historical source and who is entitled to recount history to contemporary societies. Humanities-based histo…
Palaeoclimatology of Byzantine Lands (AD 300–1500)
This chapter begins with an overview of the climate system and then provides spatial maps of seasonal temperature, precipitation, and drought for the central and eastern Mediterranean covering the past 70 years. We then present the basic concepts of palaeoclimatology, i.e. how to derive quantitative climate information from documentary and natural proxies for the pre-instrumental period. We discuss the availability, distribution, potential, and l…
L'émergence d'une histoire environnementale interdisciplinaire
Avec l'efflorescence des approches paléoscientifiques du passé, les historiens ont été confrontés à une multitude de nouveaux indices sur des phénomènes tant humains que naturels, des maladies aux migrations en passant par les transformations du paysage et le climat. Ces données inédites exigent une réécriture des récits portant sur les périodes lointaines, remettant en cause à la fois les fondements de l'autorité des sources historiques traditio…
Representation of low-tropospheric temperature inversions in ECMWF reanalyses over Europe
Despite the fact that tropospheric temperature inversions are thought to be an important feature of climate as well as a significant factor affecting air quality, low-level cloud formation, and the radiation budget of the Earth, a quantitative assessment of their representation in atmospheric reanalyses is yet missing. Here, we provide new evidence of the occurrence of low-tropospheric temperature inversions and associated uncertainties in their …
Disentangling the causes of the 1816 European year without a summer
The European summer of 1816 has often been referred to as a ‘year without a summer’ due to anomalously cold conditions and unusual wetness, which led to widespread famines and agricultural failures. The cause has often been assumed to be the eruption of Mount Tambora in April 1815, however this link has not, until now, been proven. Here we apply state-of-the-art event attribution methods to quantify the contribution by the eruption and random wea…
European warm-season temperature and hydroclimate since 850 CE
The long-term relationship between temperature and hydroclimate has remained uncertain due to the short length of instrumental measurements and inconsistent results from climate model simulations. This lack of understanding is particularly critical with regard to projected drought and flood risks. Here we assess warm-season co-variability patterns between temperature and hydroclimate over Europe back to 850 CE using instrumental measurements, tre…
Detection of human influences on temperature seasonality from the nineteenth century
Modelling Climate and Societal Resilience in the Eastern Mediterranean in the Last Millennium
This article analyses high-quality hydroclimate proxy records and spatial reconstructions from the Central and Eastern Mediterranean and compares them with two Earth System Model simulations (CCSM4, MPI-ESM-P) for the Crusader period in the Levant (1095-1290 CE), the Mamluk regime in Transjordan (1260-1516 CE) and the Ottoman crisis and Celâlî Rebellion (1580-1610 CE). During the three time intervals, environmental and climatic stress tested the …
Realising consilience
This paper reviews the methodological and practical issues relevant to the ways in which natural scientists, historians and archaeologists may collaborate in the study of past climatic changes in the Mediterranean basin. We begin by discussing the methodologies of these three disciplines in the context of the consilience debate, that is, attempts to unify different research methodologies that address similar problems. We demonstrate that there ar…
Cooling and societal change during the Late Antique Little Ice Age from 536 to around 660 AD
Tambora 1815 as a test case for high impact volcanic eruptions
The eruption of Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 had substantial effects on global climate and led to the ‘Year Without a Summer’ of 1816 in Europe and North America. Although a tragic event—tens of thousands of people lost their lives—the eruption also was an ‘experiment of nature’ from which science has learned until today. The aim of this study is to summarize our current understanding of the Tambora eruption and its effects on climate as exp…
Did European temperatures in 1540 exceed present-day records
There is strong evidence that the year 1540 was exceptionally dry and warm in Central Europe. Here we infer 1540 summer temperatures from the number of dry days (NDDs) in spring (March–May) and summer (June–August) in 1540 derived from historical documentary evidence published elsewhere, and compare our estimates with present-day temperatures. We translate the NDD values into temperature distributions using a linear relationship between modeled t…
European summer temperatures since Roman times
The spatial context is criticalwhen assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a long-term perspective. Recent international initiatives have expanded the number of high-quality proxy-records and developed new statistical reconstruction methods. These advances allow more rigorous regional past temperature reconstructions and, in turn, the possibil…
Fine-grained detection of land use and water table changes on organic soils over the period 1992⿿2012 using multiple data sources in the Drömling nature park, Germany
The construction of consistent time series of land use presents a key challenge when accounting for elective land use-based activities under the Kyoto Protocol (wetland drainage and rewetting (WDR), cropland management (CM) and grazing land management (GM)), in which current land use-driven greenhouse gas emissions are compared to a reference situation in 1990. This case study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using high-resolution l…
Modified climate with long term memory in tree ring proxies
Long term memory (LTM) scaling behavior in worldwide tree-ring proxies and subsequent climate reconstructions is analyzed for and compared with the memory structure inherent to instrumental temperature and precipitation data. Detrended fluctuation analysis is employed to detect LTM, and its scaling exponent a is used to evaluate LTM. The results show that temperature and precipitation reconstructions based on ring width measurements (mean α = 0.8…
Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia
Claim of solar influence is on thin ice
A recent paper in Geophysical Research Letters, 'Solar influence on winter severity in central Europe', by Sirocko et al (2012 Geophys. Res. Lett. 39 L16704) claims that 'weak solar activity is empirically related to extremely cold winter conditions in Europe' based on analyses of documentary evidence of freezing of the River Rhine in Germany and of the Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century (20C). However, our attempt to reproduce these findings fa…
Changes in the annual cycle of heavy precipitation across the British Isles within the 21st century
We investigate future changes in the annual cycle of heavy daily precipitation events across the \nBritish Isles in the periods 2021–2060 and 2061–2100, relative to present day climate. Twelve \ncombinations of regional and global climate models forced with the A1B scenario are used. \nThe annual cycle is modelled as an inhomogeneous Poisson process with sinusoidal models \nfor location and scale parameters of the generalized extreme value distri…
Euro-Med 2k Pages consortium
The Hot Summer of 2010
Large parts of eastern Europe experienced exceptional warmth during the summer of 2010.
Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility
Variability of central European temperature and precipitation shows correlations with some major historical changes.
Solar Influences on Climate
Understanding the influence of solar variability on the Earth's climate requires knowledge of solar variability, solar-terrestrial interactions, and the mechanisms determining the response of the Earth's climate system. We provide a summary of our current understanding in each of these three areas. Observations and mechanisms for the Sun's variability are described, including solar irradiance variations on both decadal and centennial time scales …
Historical Climatology In Europe – The State Of The Art
Winter air temperature variations in western Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages (AD 750–1300)
In this paper an attempt is made to reconstruct air temperature variations in winter (December, January and February) from 2500 documentary data over the period ad 750–1300 for a region comprising the Benelux countries, eastern France, western Germany, Switzerland and northern Italy. Anomalous (warm and cold) winters were classified on the basis of proxy information on frost, freezing of water bodies, duration of snowcover and untimely activity o…
L'émergence d'une histoire environnementale interdisciplinaire
Avec l'efflorescence des approches paléoscientifiques du passé, les historiens ont été confrontés à une multitude de nouveaux indices sur des phénomènes tant humains que naturels, des maladies aux migrations en passant par les transformations du paysage et le climat. Ces données inédites exigent une réécriture des récits portant sur les périodes lointaines, remettant en cause à la fois les fondements de l'autorité des sources historiques traditio…
Fine-grained detection of land use and water table changes on organic soils over the period 1992⿿2012 using multiple data sources in the Drömling nature park, Germany
The construction of consistent time series of land use presents a key challenge when accounting for elective land use-based activities under the Kyoto Protocol (wetland drainage and rewetting (WDR), cropland management (CM) and grazing land management (GM)), in which current land use-driven greenhouse gas emissions are compared to a reference situation in 1990. This case study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using high-resolution l…
Winter air temperature variations in western Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages (AD 750–1300)
In this paper an attempt is made to reconstruct air temperature variations in winter (December, January and February) from 2500 documentary data over the period ad 750–1300 for a region comprising the Benelux countries, eastern France, western Germany, Switzerland and northern Italy. Anomalous (warm and cold) winters were classified on the basis of proxy information on frost, freezing of water bodies, duration of snowcover and untimely activity o…
European Seasonal and Annual Temperature Variability, Trends, and Extremes Since 1500
Multiproxy reconstructions of monthly and seasonal surface temperature fields for Europe back to 1500 show that the late 20th- and early 21st-century European climate is very likely (>95% confidence level) warmer than that of any time during the past 500 years. This agrees with findings for the entire Northern Hemisphere. European winter average temperatures during the period 1500 to 1900 were reduced by ∼0.5°C (0.25°C for annual mean temperature…
Historical Climatology In Europe – The State Of The Art
Solar Influences on Climate
Understanding the influence of solar variability on the Earth's climate requires knowledge of solar variability, solar-terrestrial interactions, and the mechanisms determining the response of the Earth's climate system. We provide a summary of our current understanding in each of these three areas. Observations and mechanisms for the Sun's variability are described, including solar irradiance variations on both decadal and centennial time scales …
The Hot Summer of 2010
Large parts of eastern Europe experienced exceptional warmth during the summer of 2010.
Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility
Variability of central European temperature and precipitation shows correlations with some major historical changes.
Changes in the annual cycle of heavy precipitation across the British Isles within the 21st century
We investigate future changes in the annual cycle of heavy daily precipitation events across the \nBritish Isles in the periods 2021–2060 and 2061–2100, relative to present day climate. Twelve \ncombinations of regional and global climate models forced with the A1B scenario are used. \nThe annual cycle is modelled as an inhomogeneous Poisson process with sinusoidal models \nfor location and scale parameters of the generalized extreme value distri…
Euro-Med 2k Pages consortium
Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia
Claim of solar influence is on thin ice
A recent paper in Geophysical Research Letters, 'Solar influence on winter severity in central Europe', by Sirocko et al (2012 Geophys. Res. Lett. 39 L16704) claims that 'weak solar activity is empirically related to extremely cold winter conditions in Europe' based on analyses of documentary evidence of freezing of the River Rhine in Germany and of the Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century (20C). However, our attempt to reproduce these findings fa…
Modified climate with long term memory in tree ring proxies
Long term memory (LTM) scaling behavior in worldwide tree-ring proxies and subsequent climate reconstructions is analyzed for and compared with the memory structure inherent to instrumental temperature and precipitation data. Detrended fluctuation analysis is employed to detect LTM, and its scaling exponent a is used to evaluate LTM. The results show that temperature and precipitation reconstructions based on ring width measurements (mean α = 0.8…
Realising consilience
This paper reviews the methodological and practical issues relevant to the ways in which natural scientists, historians and archaeologists may collaborate in the study of past climatic changes in the Mediterranean basin. We begin by discussing the methodologies of these three disciplines in the context of the consilience debate, that is, attempts to unify different research methodologies that address similar problems. We demonstrate that there ar…
Cooling and societal change during the Late Antique Little Ice Age from 536 to around 660 AD
Tambora 1815 as a test case for high impact volcanic eruptions
The eruption of Tambora (Indonesia) in April 1815 had substantial effects on global climate and led to the ‘Year Without a Summer’ of 1816 in Europe and North America. Although a tragic event—tens of thousands of people lost their lives—the eruption also was an ‘experiment of nature’ from which science has learned until today. The aim of this study is to summarize our current understanding of the Tambora eruption and its effects on climate as exp…
Did European temperatures in 1540 exceed present-day records
There is strong evidence that the year 1540 was exceptionally dry and warm in Central Europe. Here we infer 1540 summer temperatures from the number of dry days (NDDs) in spring (March–May) and summer (June–August) in 1540 derived from historical documentary evidence published elsewhere, and compare our estimates with present-day temperatures. We translate the NDD values into temperature distributions using a linear relationship between modeled t…
European summer temperatures since Roman times
The spatial context is criticalwhen assessing present-day climate anomalies, attributing them to potential forcings and making statements regarding their frequency and severity in a long-term perspective. Recent international initiatives have expanded the number of high-quality proxy-records and developed new statistical reconstruction methods. These advances allow more rigorous regional past temperature reconstructions and, in turn, the possibil…
Fine-grained detection of land use and water table changes on organic soils over the period 1992⿿2012 using multiple data sources in the Drömling nature park, Germany
The construction of consistent time series of land use presents a key challenge when accounting for elective land use-based activities under the Kyoto Protocol (wetland drainage and rewetting (WDR), cropland management (CM) and grazing land management (GM)), in which current land use-driven greenhouse gas emissions are compared to a reference situation in 1990. This case study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using high-resolution l…
Modelling Climate and Societal Resilience in the Eastern Mediterranean in the Last Millennium
This article analyses high-quality hydroclimate proxy records and spatial reconstructions from the Central and Eastern Mediterranean and compares them with two Earth System Model simulations (CCSM4, MPI-ESM-P) for the Crusader period in the Levant (1095-1290 CE), the Mamluk regime in Transjordan (1260-1516 CE) and the Ottoman crisis and Celâlî Rebellion (1580-1610 CE). During the three time intervals, environmental and climatic stress tested the …
Disentangling the causes of the 1816 European year without a summer
The European summer of 1816 has often been referred to as a ‘year without a summer’ due to anomalously cold conditions and unusual wetness, which led to widespread famines and agricultural failures. The cause has often been assumed to be the eruption of Mount Tambora in April 1815, however this link has not, until now, been proven. Here we apply state-of-the-art event attribution methods to quantify the contribution by the eruption and random wea…
European warm-season temperature and hydroclimate since 850 CE
The long-term relationship between temperature and hydroclimate has remained uncertain due to the short length of instrumental measurements and inconsistent results from climate model simulations. This lack of understanding is particularly critical with regard to projected drought and flood risks. Here we assess warm-season co-variability patterns between temperature and hydroclimate over Europe back to 850 CE using instrumental measurements, tre…
Detection of human influences on temperature seasonality from the nineteenth century
Representation of low-tropospheric temperature inversions in ECMWF reanalyses over Europe
Despite the fact that tropospheric temperature inversions are thought to be an important feature of climate as well as a significant factor affecting air quality, low-level cloud formation, and the radiation budget of the Earth, a quantitative assessment of their representation in atmospheric reanalyses is yet missing. Here, we provide new evidence of the occurrence of low-tropospheric temperature inversions and associated uncertainties in their …
L'émergence d'une histoire environnementale interdisciplinaire
Avec l'efflorescence des approches paléoscientifiques du passé, les historiens ont été confrontés à une multitude de nouveaux indices sur des phénomènes tant humains que naturels, des maladies aux migrations en passant par les transformations du paysage et le climat. Ces données inédites exigent une réécriture des récits portant sur les périodes lointaines, remettant en cause à la fois les fondements de l'autorité des sources historiques traditio…
The Emergence of Interdisciplinary Environmental History
With the efflorescence of palaeoscientific approaches to the past, historians have been confronted with a wealth of new evidence on both human and natural phenomena, from human disease and migration to landscape change and climate. These new data require a rewriting of our narratives of the past, questioning what constitutes an authoritative historical source and who is entitled to recount history to contemporary societies. Humanities-based histo…
Palaeoclimatology of Byzantine Lands (AD 300–1500)
This chapter begins with an overview of the climate system and then provides spatial maps of seasonal temperature, precipitation, and drought for the central and eastern Mediterranean covering the past 70 years. We then present the basic concepts of palaeoclimatology, i.e. how to derive quantitative climate information from documentary and natural proxies for the pre-instrumental period. We discuss the availability, distribution, potential, and l…
Geography (23 obras) · Climatology (21 obras) · Environmental Science (20 obras) · Climate change (17 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (17 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Climate variability and models (15 obras) · Meteorology (11 obras) · Oceanography (10 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (9 obras)