Allan Cochrane
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 169143 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Allan Cochrane |
| NOMBRES | Allan |
| APELLIDO | Cochrane |
| FIRMA | COCHRANE A |
| AFILIACIONES | The Open University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0320-4642 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 72 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1030 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 72 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1983 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 16 |
Regional Geographies 1
Rather than attempting to find some sort of unitary definition of regions, here the aim is to consider how the term has been mobilised to open up geographical thinking about the spaces of social, economic and political life – moving beyond and building on relational and structural ways of thinking. The dominant contemporary approaches to regions and regionalism can be clustered along three main axes: the possibility of regional identity and the b…
Towards the desired city of compromise
How to reinvent Johannesburg, a metropolis whose geography of inequality has remained stubbornly entrenched since the end of apartheid? By launching the ‘Corridors of Freedom’ (CoF) initiative in 2013, the municipal government decided to take bold and deliberate steps towards conceiving and promoting a more inclusive and people-centred city. The goal was to disrupt the prevailing spatial and social pattern by connecting different parts of the cit…
Thinking conjuncturally, looking elsewhere
Inspired by Jamie Peck’s recent article on conjunctural methodologies, we discuss how geographers might interpret these troubling times. We hope to keep the conversation going by suggesting that a strength of conjunctural analysis lies in trying to get to grips with multiple crises without always knowing precisely where to look. Another strength of this approach is to take seriously all the cultural and political work involved in the articulation…
Exploring the Political Potential of the Local State
This article explores the political potential of the local state through an engagement with the case of Sheffield City Council in the 1980s. The new municipalism movement has generated renewed interest in the “local” and “urban” as transformative projects. The local state holds a pivotal if problematic role in these debates, often seen as the decisive force facilitating or impeding transformation. In building a dialogue with 1980s Sheffield, we p…
Superdiversity through the Lens of Brexit
In the context of a turn to defensive nationalism in a number of countries, this chapter examines the ways in which superdiversity can be understood in relation to the United Kingdom’s 2016 referendum vote on its membership in the European Union (EU). The outcome of the referendum was a decision to leave the EU (generally labeled “Brexit”), a political event that has been widely interpreted as an articulation of English nationalism. It has driven…
Das Urbane konzeptualisieren
Das Verhältnis zwischen der fast schon nachlässigen umgangssprachlichen wie auch akademischen Verwendung des Begriffs „das Urbane“ – wir alle wissen, wo es liegt – und der Suche nach spezifischeren – oder gar wissenschaftlichen – Definitionen ist ein schwieriges. Auf den ersten Blick scheint es eine recht leichte Aufgabe, das Urbane der urbanen Politik zu identifizieren. Es ist ganz einfach die Politik, die in städtischen Gebieten stattfindet, we…
In and beyond local government
In the context of austerity, some of the taken for granted territorial boundaries of local government are being stretched and questioned. Here, these issues are explored with the help of two bodies of evidence: the creation of sets of interlocking arrangements on the edge of the London City region (most recently expressed in proposals for development along what has been identified as the Oxford-Milton Keynes-Cambridge Arc); and the experience of …
Riffing Off Kevin Cox
The question of comparison is one that haunts contemporary urban and regional studies-the need for it is taken for granted, but what it is, how to do it and what it can teach us remain matters of contention. In 2016 Kevin Cox published a book that brought some of these issues to the fore, challenging the ways in which US models have tended to dominate and (with the help of reflections on the experience of Western Europe) highlighting the extent o…
Author response to reviews of Lived Experience
Community and Conviviality? Informal Social Life in Multicultural Places
This article contributes to understandings of the conviviality which has dominated recent sociological approaches to urban multiculture. The article argues for conviviality's conceptual extension by reference to recent rethinking of community as a profound sociality of 'being with' and a culture of urban practice. The article draws from a qualitative dataset examining sustained encounters of cultural difference and the relationships within social…
Lived Experiences of Multiculture
In an increasingly ethnically diverse society, debates about migration, community, cultural difference and social interaction have never been more pressing. Drawing on the findings from a two-year, qualitative Economic and Social Research Council funded study of different locations across England, Lived Experiences of Multiculture uses interdisciplinary perspectives to examine the ways in which complex urban populations experience, negotiate, acc…
Urban Policy
Urban policy actively shapes the ways in which people live in cities. As well as reflecting contemporary understandings of the role of cities in economic and social development, it also helps to create those understandings. Definitions of urban policy are elusive in part because the term appears so self‐explanatory. This entry reviews urban policy and its many meanings
Negotiating the educational spaces of urban multiculture
This paper contributes to research on urban multiculture and debates as to how people routinely live and experience ethnic diversity in their everyday lives. This research takes an ‘unpanicked’ approach to multiculture that sits differently to, although not unaffected by, multiculturalism as policy objective and those debates around multiculturalism that variously celebrate cultural difference or construct it through crisis talk. Critical to this…
Urban Economics and Urban Policy. Challenging Conventional Policy Wisdom
Thinking about the ‘Local’ of Local Government
In 2004, Local Government Studies published an article in which I reflected on the implications of new Labour’s modernisation agenda for the remaking of local government and the reshaping of the welfare state. Here I return to some of the issues raised in that paper in the different context of localism, austerity and dreams of urban entrepreneurialism. I argue that exploring the changing meanings of the local, as a contested political as well as …
You can't move in Hackney without bumping into an anthropologist
In social research some places and populations are disproportionately targeted by researchers. While relatively little work exists on the concept of over-research those accounts that do exist tend to focus on participant-based research relationships and not place-based research relationships. Using interdisciplinary approaches and fieldwork experiences from a recently completed qualitative study of urban multiculture in England we develop the ove…
Whatever happened to local government? A review symposium
This collection of contributions uses the 21nd anniversary of the publication of Allan Cochrane’s Whatever Happened to Local Government? (1993) to reflect on the state of contemporary English local government, and in the process assess the book’s intellectual legacy
Multiculture and Public Parks
Situating itself in encounter and public space debates and borrowing from non‐representational theory approaches, this paper uses data from the authors' 2‐year Economic and Social Research Council research project to consider how local urban parks can work as sites of routine encounter, mixity, and place belonging. The paper explores how parks as green public spaces are important as sites of inclusive openness while the materiality of parks is a …
Governing the ungovernable
The global rhetoric surrounding the role of private markets in the provision of new housing masks a more complex reality, highlighted in processes of spatial planning, in which public policy and private developers are deeply enmeshed. This paper discusses some of the tensions with the help of a detailed examination of plans for housing development on the edge of England’s growth region (in Milton Keynes and Northamptonshire) during the period 200…
Urban Multiculture and Everyday Encounters in Semi-Public, Franchised Cafe Spaces
This paper engages with an emergent literature on multiculture and concepts such as conviviality and negotiation to explore how increasingly ethnically diverse population routinely share and mix in urban places and social spaces. As part of a wider ESRC funded, two-year qualitative study of changing social life and everyday multiculture in different geographical areas of contemporary England, this paper draws on participant observation data from …
Comparing Welfare States
Comparing Welfare States? - Allan Cochrane, John Clarke and Sharon Gewirtz The Construction of the British Welfare State 1945 - 1975 - John Clarke, Mary Langan and Fiona Williams Remaking Welfare - John Clarke, Mary Langan and Fiona Williams The British welfare regime in the 1980s and 1990s US Welfare - John Clarke Variations on the Liberal Regime Germany - Lynne Poole A Conservative Regime in Crisis? Sweden - Norman Ginsburg The Social Democrati…
Managing social policy
This innovative text offers an assessment of the role of management in the restructuring of social welfare in contemporary Britain. In the transformation of the welfare state since the 1970s, management has been accorded a central role. New forms and ideas of management have had profound consequences for: the organization and delivery of public services; the political processes of policy formation; systems of accountability; and the experiences b…
Rethinking the Region
Rethinking the Region argues that regions are not simply bounded spaces on a map. This book uses unique research of England during the 1980s to show how regions are made and unmade by social processes. The book examines how new lines of division both social and geographical were laid down as free-market growth and reconstructed this are as a `neo-liberal' region. The authors argue that a more balanced form of growth is possible - within and betwe…
Ideologies of Welfare
The British welfare state has been a political and ideological battleground since its inception, yet many of the voices in the crucial debates have been lost in orthodox histories. This work explores the development of the welfare state through the debates which surrounded it in three key periods: the turn of the century; the Beveridge period; and the 1970s and 1980s. Each section focuses on four main, and competing approaches: laissez-faire indi…
Comparing welfare states
Comparative Approaches and Social Policy - Allan Cochrane The British Welfare State - John Clarke and Mary Langan Foundation and Modernization Restructuring Welfare - John Clarke and Mary Langan The British Welfare Regime in the 1980s Gender, 'Race' and Class in British Welfare Policy - Fiona Williams Hong Kong - Eugene McLaughlin A Residual Welfare Regime The German Welfare State - Michael Wilson A Conservative Regime in Crisis Sweden - Norman G…
Beyond the Territorial Fix
Allen J. and Cochrane A. (2007) Beyond the territorial fix: regional assemblages, politics and power, Regional Studies 41, 1161–1175. The idea of regions as territorially fixed in some vital political sense is a stubborn conception, one that is both mobilized to pursue selective interests and to establish regional identities. To assert that regions are political constructs, however, is not to say that such bounded, territorial entities enclose al…
Assemblages of State Power
Multi‐scalar or multi‐site power relations offer two contrasting ways of understanding the shifting geography of state power. In this paper, we argue for a different starting point, one that favours a topological understanding of state spatiality over more conventional topographical accounts. In contrast to a vertical or horizontal imagery of the geography of state power, what states possess, we suggest, is reach, not height. In doing so, we draw…
Researching the Geographies of Policy Mobility
Introducing the special issue on "Researching the geographies of policy mobility," this paper discusses a series of contributions to the methodological challenges posed by the emergence of approaches that draw on notions of policy assemblages, mobility and mutations.While a series of theoretical developments in recent years have challenged orthodox accounts of policy diffusion and transfer, there has thus far been a lack of methodological reflect…
Manchester Plays Games
Using the example of Manchester's Olympic bidding process, the paper examines some of the links between globalisation and what has become known as the 'new urban politics'. The politics of the city's Olympic bids powerfully symbolise many of the supposedly transformative features of the new urban politics, British-style, as the old images of municipal welfarist (bureaucratic) politics have apparently been superseded by those of a dynamic and char…
Multiculture and Public Parks
Situating itself in encounter and public space debates and borrowing from non‐representational theory approaches, this paper uses data from the authors' 2‐year Economic and Social Research Council research project to consider how local urban parks can work as sites of routine encounter, mixity, and place belonging. The paper explores how parks as green public spaces are important as sites of inclusive openness while the materiality of parks is a …
Urban Multiculture and Everyday Encounters in Semi-Public, Franchised Cafe Spaces
This paper engages with an emergent literature on multiculture and concepts such as conviviality and negotiation to explore how increasingly ethnically diverse population routinely share and mix in urban places and social spaces. As part of a wider ESRC funded, two-year qualitative study of changing social life and everyday multiculture in different geographical areas of contemporary England, this paper draws on participant observation data from …
Community and Conviviality? Informal Social Life in Multicultural Places
This article contributes to understandings of the conviviality which has dominated recent sociological approaches to urban multiculture. The article argues for conviviality's conceptual extension by reference to recent rethinking of community as a profound sociality of 'being with' and a culture of urban practice. The article draws from a qualitative dataset examining sustained encounters of cultural difference and the relationships within social…
Geographies and politics of localism
The Changing State of Local Government
In the recent past, local government has largely been analysed as if its very existence were in danger from centrally inspired legislative reforms and financial controls. Such a starting point may make it more difficult to assess the changes which are taking place and which are likely to dominate in the 1990s. Three other possibilities are considered here. The first, is the notion of an ‘enabling’ authority; the second, the possibility of a shift…
Reimagining Berlin
Globalization has had a dramatic effect on the way in which we understand the operation of urban systems. Cities - or their elites - have increasingly sought to redefine and reimagine themselves through place marketing in ways which allow them to compete in the global marketplace. The ‘exceptional’ case of Berlin is explored in the context of regional and global restructuring. Berlin has been at the centre of dramatic changes over the last decade…
Modernisation, Managerialism and the Culture Wars
The story of local government over the last few decades is often summarised in the assertion that there has been a move away from institutional authority embodied in the structures of councils towards more complex networks of local governance, incorporating a range of stakeholders and other agencies, alongside a shift of power from local to central government. But local government has been at the centre of wider processes of restructuring - of at…
Illusions of Power
It has always been difficult to explore local power structures, and local politics (or local political economies) have often been reinterpreted in ways in which they are simply seen as the working out of wider national or global processes. The recognition that this is not enough has encouraged a growth in more locally focused research, frequently involving extensive interviewing of members of local business and political elites. Two key sets of q…
You can't move in Hackney without bumping into an anthropologist
In social research some places and populations are disproportionately targeted by researchers. While relatively little work exists on the concept of over-research those accounts that do exist tend to focus on participant-based research relationships and not place-based research relationships. Using interdisciplinary approaches and fieldwork experiences from a recently completed qualitative study of urban multiculture in England we develop the ove…
In and beyond local government
In the context of austerity, some of the taken for granted territorial boundaries of local government are being stretched and questioned. Here, these issues are explored with the help of two bodies of evidence: the creation of sets of interlocking arrangements on the edge of the London City region (most recently expressed in proposals for development along what has been identified as the Oxford-Milton Keynes-Cambridge Arc); and the experience of …
Putting higher education in its place
Traditionally, universities have been understood in terms that assume their special status within the social world – somehow divorced from the places within which they find themselves. Yet they are also increasingly expected to make some contribution to regional development. With the help of evidence drawn from an Economic and Social Research Council project, this article sets out to explore some of the implications of recognising the importance …
The Urban Unbound
Global events such as London's 2012 Olympic Games raise questions about the ways in which embedded political arrangements take their shape from relationships that stretch across and beyond urban boundaries. In this article, the urban politics that we wish to capture is not one that is merely located in the city, but rather one that has to constantly take into account the mediated demands folded (as it were) into the urban arena. In the first part…
Making Up Meanings in a Capital City
Much contemporary writing on cities focuses on their position within wider global networks, so there is a risk of underplaying the significance of other aspects of the urban experience.This paper explores the particular role of Berlin as capital city in the making of the (new) Berliner Republic and the ways in which it is defined (and defines itself) within that Republic. Berlin is the (and often literally the building) site on which a new German…
Where is Urban Politics
We outline the rationale for reopening the issue of the spatiality of the 'urban' in urban politics. There is a long tradition of arguing about the distinctive political qualities of urban sites, practices and processes. Recent work often relies on spatial concepts or metaphors that anchor various political phenomena to cities while simultaneously putting the specificity of the urban itself in question. This symposium seeks to extend debates abou…
Urban Politics
Urban politics is a multidisciplinary field, in other words a number of bits — so to speak — of different disciplines work on it. While those in political science might claim to produce the bulk of the work in this field, others in anthropology, economics, human geography, planning, social policy and sociology can also claim to be making a contribution. The introduction situates the six sections comprising this essay, in which contributors discus…
In and Against the Market? The development of socialist economic strategies in Britain, 1981–1986
The most coherent alternatives to the urban and economic policies of the post 1979 Conservative government did not come from the national opposition parties, but from a relatively small group of radical local authorities. This paper focuses on three of these — the GLC/GLEB, Sheffield and the West Midlands County Council/WMEB — to illustrate the range of alternatives developed and some of the difficulties and possibilities associated with them. Th…
Media Practices and Urban Politics
The spatial imaginations of media studies and urban studies are increasingly aligned, illustrated by a growing literature on what can be identified as the media-urban nexus. This nexus has attracted scholarly interest not only as a cultural phenomenon, but also as a site of emergent political dynamics. We suggest that literature on the media-urban nexus points to the always-already present conditions of possibility for a translocal, relational ur…
Thinking about the ‘Local’ of Local Government
In 2004, Local Government Studies published an article in which I reflected on the implications of new Labour’s modernisation agenda for the remaking of local government and the reshaping of the welfare state. Here I return to some of the issues raised in that paper in the different context of localism, austerity and dreams of urban entrepreneurialism. I argue that exploring the changing meanings of the local, as a contested political as well as …
Multiculture and Community in New City Spaces
Convention suggests that multicultural areas tend to exhibit high levels of residential and educational segregation, high degrees of poverty and deprivation and low rates of contact between culturally distinct individuals and groups. By contrast, with the help of a case study of a fast growing English new town, this paper reflects on the experience of multicultural settlement in what might be described as an ordinary city: one in which that exper…
Negotiating the educational spaces of urban multiculture
This paper contributes to research on urban multiculture and debates as to how people routinely live and experience ethnic diversity in their everyday lives. This research takes an ‘unpanicked’ approach to multiculture that sits differently to, although not unaffected by, multiculturalism as policy objective and those debates around multiculturalism that variously celebrate cultural difference or construct it through crisis talk. Critical to this…
Debate
Today, neoliberalism has become a key reference point for many critical analyses of contemporary local governance. Of course, there remain the occasional ‘neoliberalism deniers’ who claim to find a lack of coherence in the concept, and perhaps rather more who give a cursory nod to neoliberalism without really engaging substantively. But for many others neoliberalism (or, better, the process of neoliberalisation) provides a conceptual foundation f…
Economic Policy-Making by Local Authorities in Britain and Western Germany
Originally published in 1981 but now with a new preface, this volume provided the first detailed comparative analysis of how local authorities in the UK and W. Germany faced up to the challenge of trying to help local industry and improve employment prospects. Based on the results of case-studies the book considers the powers and resources available to local authorities and examines how the authorities are organized for this type of economic acti…
The attack on local government
In and Against the Market? The development of socialist economic strategies in Britain, 1981–1986
The most coherent alternatives to the urban and economic policies of the post 1979 Conservative government did not come from the national opposition parties, but from a relatively small group of radical local authorities. This paper focuses on three of these — the GLC/GLEB, Sheffield and the West Midlands County Council/WMEB — to illustrate the range of alternatives developed and some of the difficulties and possibilities associated with them. Th…
Inside the machine
The authors argue that the left 'has underestimated the significance of the treasurer in local authorities', the authors warn against the lure of 'creative' accounting
Local Enterprise Boards
Local enterprise boards were first developed as radical initiatives For economic intervention in the early 1980s. Despite the closeness of their dates of birth, however, and the apparent similarity of the organizational forms (and titles) which they adopted, the differences between the boards were as significant as their shared features. The ambitions of each of the five first‐wave boards were quite distinct. Some were more radical than others: s…
Politics in Transition
Introduction Britain in a Changing International System - Joe Doherty Britain's Political Crisis - Allan Cochrane Continuity and Change in State Economic Intervention - Simon Mohun Restructuring the State - Allan Cochrane The Case of Local Government The Politics of Locality - Mark Goodwin The End of Class Politics? - Patrick Dunleavy
The Changing State of Local Government
In the recent past, local government has largely been analysed as if its very existence were in danger from centrally inspired legislative reforms and financial controls. Such a starting point may make it more difficult to assess the changes which are taking place and which are likely to dominate in the 1990s. Three other possibilities are considered here. The first, is the notion of an ‘enabling’ authority; the second, the possibility of a shift…
Is there a future for local government
Restructuring, fragmentation and the changing shape of urban policy
Separate Societies. Poverty and Inequality in US Cities. William W. Goldsmith, and Edward, J. Blakely. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 1992. pp xviii + 247. $49.95 (cloth) $19.95 (paper) Fractured Cities. Capitalism, Community and Empowerment in Britain and America. Brian D. Jacobs. London: Routledge 1992. pp xiii + 302. £40.00 (cloth). £14.99 (paper) Beyond the City Limits. Urban Policy and Economic Restructuring in Comparative Perspectiv…
Welfare Policy
In the current period the process of European integration is beset with major political and economic difficulties and consequently any discussion of change in European welfare regimes must proceed cautiously. In this vein this article sets out an editorial context for this special issue of Policy and Politics. It outlines key factors that constitute the dynamics of European welfare change, exploring constraints and suggesting possible outcomes. O…
Tales of the Suburbs
The operation of local politics in Britain is changing. With the help of three case studies, this paper explores some of the implications of these changes. One key aspect of change is the increased salience of 'network' and 'partnership' arrangements associated with the rise of local economic policy-making. The importance of this shift has been widely recognised in areas of economic decline or stagnation and in what are generally analysed as more…
Selling places
Managing Local Mixed Economies of Care
It is widely agreed that there has been a move within the United Kingdom away from one welfare state as traditionally understood towards a mixed economy of welfare, in which public, private, voluntary, and not-for-profit sectors are expected to work together. How the new mixed economy is expected to work is less clear. In this paper we focus on two crucial aspects of the change with respect to care services-in emergent local mixed economies of ca…
Manchester Plays Games
Using the example of Manchester's Olympic bidding process, the paper examines some of the links between globalisation and what has become known as the 'new urban politics'. The politics of the city's Olympic bids powerfully symbolise many of the supposedly transformative features of the new urban politics, British-style, as the old images of municipal welfarist (bureaucratic) politics have apparently been superseded by those of a dynamic and char…
Tangled Webs? Managing Local Mixed Economies of Care
This article addresses two main issues about the emergent forms of social care provision in the development of a more mixed economy of welfare in Britain in the 1990s. The first concerns patterns of inter‐organizational relationship within local mixed economies of care, paying particular attention to the inter‐section of competitive and collaborative models of such relationships. The second concerns the emergence of a‘managerial mode of co‐ordina…
Understanding the Family
Introduction Public Definitions and Private Lives PART ONE: POLITICS, POLICY AND THE LAW Issues in the Study of 'The Family' - John Muncie and Roger Sapsford Family Policy and Political Discourse - John Muncie and Margaret Wetherell Families and the Law - Hilary Land Patterns of Diversity and Lived Realities - Rudi Dallos and Roger Sapsford PART TWO: INTERACTIONS AND IDENTITIES Constructing Family Life - Rudi Dallos Family Belief Systems Social S…
Poverty and wealth
A national health service? the restructuring of health care in Britain since 1979
Illusions of Power
It has always been difficult to explore local power structures, and local politics (or local political economies) have often been reinterpreted in ways in which they are simply seen as the working out of wider national or global processes. The recognition that this is not enough has encouraged a growth in more locally focused research, frequently involving extensive interviewing of members of local business and political elites. Two key sets of q…
Reimagining Berlin
Globalization has had a dramatic effect on the way in which we understand the operation of urban systems. Cities - or their elites - have increasingly sought to redefine and reimagine themselves through place marketing in ways which allow them to compete in the global marketplace. The ‘exceptional’ case of Berlin is explored in the context of regional and global restructuring. Berlin has been at the centre of dramatic changes over the last decade…
Building a national capital in an age of globalization
Berlin is being remade as capital of a unified German nation state, just at the time when the role of nation states is being called into question by the claims of globalization, and the associated rise of global cities. The experience of Berlin suggests that it may be unhelpful to accept the world‐city agenda as a universal template. Instead, it is necessary to explore the ways in which different agencies, companies and authorities negotiate the …
Reflections on key skills
This paper begins by providing an overview of the UK's national key skills agenda, with a view to placing in context the subsequent description of the formulation and implementation of a skills policy by a traditional, research‐led university, namely Queen's University Belfast. The paper is written from the perspective of two members of academic staff who spent two years on part‐time secondment as Skills Development Officers. We outline how a num…
Modernisation, Managerialism and the Culture Wars
The story of local government over the last few decades is often summarised in the assertion that there has been a move away from institutional authority embodied in the structures of councils towards more complex networks of local governance, incorporating a range of stakeholders and other agencies, alongside a shift of power from local to central government. But local government has been at the centre of wider processes of restructuring - of at…
Citizenship
This article first identifies citizenship as an ambiguous con‐cept with changing and contested meanings. Next it discusses the methodological commitment of a study conducted in 2001 exploring the conceptions of citizenship permeating learning disability services. The third section identifies four themes linked to the citizenship of disabled people: work, participa‐tion, community and consumption. Lastly, the article looks to locate the citizenshi…
Making Up Meanings in a Capital City
Much contemporary writing on cities focuses on their position within wider global networks, so there is a risk of underplaying the significance of other aspects of the urban experience.This paper explores the particular role of Berlin as capital city in the making of the (new) Berliner Republic and the ways in which it is defined (and defines itself) within that Republic. Berlin is the (and often literally the building) site on which a new German…
Political science (63 obras) · Sociology (53 obras) · Law (44 obras) · Politics (41 obras) · Economics (32 obras) · Law (27 obras) · Political economy (27 obras) · Public Administration (23 obras) · Urban Planning and Governance (21 obras) · Public Administration (16 obras)