Carlos F Mendes De Leon
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1725554 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Carlos F Mendes De Leon |
| NOMBRES | Carlos F Mendes |
| APELLIDO | De Leon |
| FIRMA | DE LEON C F M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3020-826X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 76 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 789 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 76 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1988 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Cohort profile
We successfully launched a new cohort study of older adults in Lebanon to investigate ADRD and its risk factors. Data from this study will inform clinical care and policy goals in Lebanon and other settings that face a rapidly growing number of older adults with ADRD
Gender differences in work expectations and psychological distress
Findings highlight the complex interplay between biological sex and social contexts in shaping expectations regarding work in later life
Predicting poor mental health among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon during the Covid-19 pandemic
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened pre-existing vulnerabilities among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon, potentially impacting their mental health. The study aims to describe the evolution of poor mental health over time and to develop and internally validate a prediction model for poor mental health among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon. METHODS: This prognostic study used cross-sectional data from a multiwave telephone survey in L…
Retirement, Social Engagement, and Post-Retirement Changes in Cognitive Function
Objectives This study examines whether social engagement at the time of retirement is associated with better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline. Methods Data come from 10 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, linked with data from the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey (CAMS). Respondents included those who had transitioned from working full-time to partial or full retirement. Social engagement was measured across 5 social ac…
Race and Apolipoprotein E-e4 Allele Status Differences in the Association Between Loneliness and Cognitive Decline
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine race and apolipoprotein E-e4 allele (APOE-e4) status differences in the longitudinal associations between loneliness and cognitive decline. METHODS: The study sample is composed of participants ( N = 7696, 64% Black participants and 36% White participants) from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, a population-based cohort study. Mixed-effects regression models were conducted to examine the longitudinal ass…
Network Types and Functional Health in Old Age
Care plans focusing on function and mobility should consider multiple aspects of older adults' social networks including network size, diversity, and relationship strain
Migration is the Driving Force of Rapid Aging in Puerto Rico
Grandparenthood and risk of mortality
Grandparenthood constitutes a significant role for older adults and may have important health implications. Our study examines the grandparenthood-mortality nexus, controlling for an array of potentially confounding variables. Longitudinal survey data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) were used, comprising twelve biennial waves from 1992 to 2014 with linked data on vital status derived from the National Death Index. The sample included 2…
The Association of Comorbid Depression and Anxiety Symptoms With Disability Onset in Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of late-life depression and anxiety at threshold and subthreshold levels, their joint role in the disablement process remains unclear. This study aims to examine the association of comorbid occurring depression and anxiety across the full spectrum of symptom severity with disability onset in older adults. METHODS: The study included 3663 participants from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, who …
Perceived Discrimination and Mental Well-being in Arab Americans from Southeast Michigan
Multimorbidity and the Transition Out of Full-Time Paid Employment
Workers with multimorbidity seem more prone to leave full-time paid employment than workers without or with one a chronic health condition. Personalized work accommodations may be necessary to help workers with multimorbidity prolong their working life
Effects of social network diversity on mortality, cognition and physical function in the elderly
BACKGROUND: Having a larger social network has been shown to have beneficial effects on health and survival in adults, but few studies have evaluated the role of network diversity, in addition to network size. We explore whether social network diversity is associated with mortality, cognition and physical function among older black and white adults. METHODS: Data are obtained from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, a longitudinal, population-b…
Do social relations buffer the effect of neighborhood deprivation on health-related quality of life? Results from the LifeLines Cohort Study
We investigated whether social relations buffer the effect of neighborhood deprivation on mental and physical health-related quality of life. Baseline data from the LifeLines Cohort Study (N=68,111) and a neighborhood deprivation index were used to perform mixed effect linear regression analyses. Results showed that fewer personal contacts (b, 95%CI: -0.88(-1.08;-0.67)) and lower social need fulfillment (-4.52(-4.67;-4.36)) are associated with lo…
Negative wealth shock and short-term changes in depressive symptoms and medication adherence among late middle-aged adults
BACKGROUND: Experiencing a negative wealth shock in late middle age may cause high levels of stress and induce reductions in health-related consumption. METHODS: We used data on late middle age individuals (51-64 years) from the longitudinal US-based Health and Retirement Study (N=19 281) to examine the relationship between negative wealth shock and short-term outcomes that serve as markers of the pathways from wealth shock to health: elevated de…
Perceived discrimination and health-related quality-of-life
Neighborhood income and major depressive disorder in a large Dutch population
Living in a low-income neighborhood is associated with major depressive episodes. Our results suggest that this association is partly explained by chronic diseases, lifestyle factors, stress and poor social participation, and thereby partly confirm conceptual model 1. Our results do not support conceptual model 2 and 3
School education, physical performance in late midlife and allostatic load
BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying the social gradient in physical functioning are not fully understood. Cumulative physiological stress may be a pathway. The present study aimed to investigate the association between highest attained school education and physical performance in late midlife, and to determine to what extent cumulative physiological stress mediated these associations. METHODS: The study is based on data from the Copenhagen Agin…
Early life socioeconomic position and immune response to persistent infections among elderly Latinos
Functional health decline before and after retirement
Cognitive decline and the neighborhood environment
A prospective study of body image dissatisfaction and BMI change in school-age children
Objective Body image dissatisfaction (BID) in school-age children is positively associated with weight status in cross-sectional studies; however, it is uncertain whether BID is a risk factor for the development of adiposity over time. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of BID with changes in BMI in school-age children. Design Longitudinal study. At recruitment, children were asked to indicate the silhouette that most clo…
Do Local Social Hierarchies Matter for Mental Health? A Study of Neighborhood Social Status and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults
These findings suggest that an older adult's relative position in a local social hierarchy is associated with his/her mental health, net of absolute position
Increase in frailty of older workers and retirees predicted by negative psychosocial working conditions on the job
Gene-Behavior Interaction of Depressive Symptoms and the Apolipoprotein E [Latin Small Letter Open E]4 Allele on Cognitive Decline
OBJECTIVE: Depressive symptoms and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele are independent risk factors for cognitive decline. However, it is not clear whether the presence of both depressive symptoms and the APOE ε4 allele increases cognitive decline. METHODS: A prospective study of a population-based sample of 4150 (70% African American and 63% women) participants 65 years and older who were interviewed at 3-year intervals was conducted. Depressi…
Perceived Stress and Change in Cognitive Function Among Adults 65 Years and Older
OBJECTIVE: Exposure to acute and chronic stress can affect learning and memory, but most evidence comes from animal studies or clinical observations. Almost no population-based studies have investigated the relation of stress to cognition or changes in cognition over time. We examined whether higher levels of perceived stress were associated with accelerated decline in cognitive function in older blacks and whites from a community-based populatio…
Perceived Discrimination and Mortality in a Population-Based Study of Older Adults
Perceived discrimination was associated with increased mortality risk in a general population of older adults. The results suggest that subjective experience of interpersonal mistreatment is toxic in old age. This study adds to a growing literature documenting discrimination as an important social determinant of health
Racial Differences in Perceived Discrimination in a Community Population of Older Blacks and Whites
These findings suggest that older Blacks perceive more discrimination than do older Whites. This may have important implications for health differences between older Blacks and Whites
Social Engagement and Depressive Symptoms in Late Life
Social engagement is independently associated with depressive symptoms cross-sectionally. A longitudinal association is seen only among those not depressed at baseline
Neighborhood-Level Cohesion and Disorder
Findings provide initial evidence of the reliability and construct validity of these neighborhood-level social process measures
Consequences of Driving Cessation
The potential consequences of driving limitations or cessation should be taken into account when advising older drivers and developing alternative transportation strategies to help maintain their mobility
Disability as a Function of Social Networks and Support in Elderly African Americans and Whites
The findings provide further evidence for the role of social relationships in the disablement process, although not all types of social relationships may be equally beneficial. Furthermore, these associations may be more complex than simple causal effects. There were few racial differences in the association of social relationships with disability, with the possible exception of instrumental support, which may allude to possible sociocultural dif…
Social Networks and Disability Transitions Across Eight Intervals of Yearly Data in the New Haven Epese
The findings lend further support for the role of social relationships in important health outcomes in old age. They suggest that being "embedded" in a social network of relatives and friends reduces risk for ADL disability, and enhances recovery from ADL disability
Beyond single indicators of social networks
Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Disorder in Relation to Walking in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Objectives. To examine the role of neighborhood social conditions and walking in community-dwelling older adults. Methods. A multi-level analysis of data from 4,317 older adults (mean age = 74.5; 73% black) from a geographically-defined urban community. Participants completed structured interviews including 14 questions on neighborhood conditions and self-reported walking. The neighborhood questions were summarized into individual-level measures …
Racial Disparities in Disability
Racial disparities in disability have not been eliminated, are greater among women, and have their origins earlier in adulthood
Self-efficacy, Physical Decline, and Change in Functioning in Community-Living Elders
This study examines whether high self-efficacy is protective against a decline in functional status in community-residing elderly persons. Data came from a sample of 1,103 subjects aged > or = 72 years who were ambulatory within the household and who received in-home assessments at baseline and 18 months later to obtain information on sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health status variables, including physical performance tests. Functional sta…
Acculturation and alcohol consumption among Mexican Americans
Data from a three-generation study of Mexican Americans conducted in the San Antonio, Texas area are utilized to examine the influence of acculturation into the larger society on alcohol consumption. Acculturation was not related to alcohol consumption in the older generation. In the middle generation, it was related to lower alcohol consumption among men, as well as among women. In the younger generation, acculturation was related to more drinki…
Black-White Differences in Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults Over Time
This study examines racial differences in depressive symptoms among older adults over time. The subjects were 4,275 community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older (62% Black) who participated in the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) during a period of 9 years. Depression was measured using a summary score of the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). We modeled depressive symptoms using the method of General Estima…
Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Perceived Declines in Functional Ability
Longitudinal data from a cohort of older men and women, aged 70-79, were used to test the hypothesis that stronger self-efficacy beliefs would protect against onset of perceived functional disabilities over a 2.5-year follow-up, independent of underlying physical ability. Standard self-report scales were used to assess perceived functional disabilities, ranging from mild performance difficulties (measured by a 5-item scale based on items by Nagi)…
A Longitudinal Study of Black–White Differences in Social Resources
The findings provide evidence for lower levels of social resources among older Blacks. There was little evidence that racial differences were the result of greater decline during old age itself
Social disorder, Apoe-E4 genotype, and change in cognitive function among older adults living in Chicago
Racial Differences in the Association of Education With Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Blacks and Whites
Results from this biracial population-based sample in the Midwest suggest that blacks may enjoy greater returns in functional health for additional education beyond high school
Financial Strain and Symptoms of Depression in a Community Sample of Elderly Men and Women
For many older Americans, managing economic resources is a considerable challenge, often resulting in chronic financial strain. This study examines the impact of financial strain on one domain of distress: symptoms of depression. Data came from a longitudinal study of a representative community sample of an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse elderly population. In multivariate analysis, financial strain was strongly associated with concurre…
Neighborhood socioeconomic conditions are associated with psychosocial functioning in older black and white adults
Trends in Rates of Onset of and Recovery From Disability at Older Ages
Our findings are consistent with declining population-level disability prevalence only if any downward trend in onset outweighs the downward trend in recovery. These findings are also consistent with a trend toward more severe disability problems among the disabled population
Personality and Mortality in Old Age
We examined the relation of personality to mortality in 883 older Catholic clergy members (69% women). At baseline, they completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, which assesses the five principal dimensions of personality. They were followed for a mean of 5.1 years, during which 182 deaths occurred. Risk of death was nearly doubled in those with a high neuroticism score (90th percentile) compared with a low score (10th percentile) and was approxi…
Perceived discrimination and health-related quality-of-life
Risk due to inactivity in physically capable older adults
OBJECTIVES. This study examined the association between recreational physical activity among physically capable older adults and functional status, incidence of selected chronic conditions, and mortality over 3 and 6 years. METHODS. Data are from three sites of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. RESULTS. A high level of recreational physical activity reduced the likelihood of mortality over both 3 and 6 years. M…
Negative wealth shock and short-term changes in depressive symptoms and medication adherence among late middle-aged adults
BACKGROUND: Experiencing a negative wealth shock in late middle age may cause high levels of stress and induce reductions in health-related consumption. METHODS: We used data on late middle age individuals (51-64 years) from the longitudinal US-based Health and Retirement Study (N=19 281) to examine the relationship between negative wealth shock and short-term outcomes that serve as markers of the pathways from wealth shock to health: elevated de…
Why do friendships matter for survival
Presently, the exact mechanisms by which friendship and social relationships affect health are poorly defined. Perhaps one day the physiological pathway between positive social experiences and health will be able to be defined. The idea that social relationships affect health and longevity has enjoyed considerable popularity ever since the seminal paper by Berkman and colleagues showed a protective effect of social networks on survival.1 Numerous…
Acculturation and alcohol consumption among Mexican Americans
Data from a three-generation study of Mexican Americans conducted in the San Antonio, Texas area are utilized to examine the influence of acculturation into the larger society on alcohol consumption. Acculturation was not related to alcohol consumption in the older generation. In the middle generation, it was related to lower alcohol consumption among men, as well as among women. In the younger generation, acculturation was related to more drinki…
Change in coronary-prone behaviors in the recurrent coronary prevention project
The Recurrent Coronary Preventive Project (RCPP) demonstrated that the addition of Type A counseling to standard cardiac counseling resulted in significant reductions in Type A behavior and in a 44% reduction in reinfarction in post-myocardial infarction patients. The purpose of the present study was to describe the specific behavioural and psychosocial changes that occurred during this Type A treatment. Patients undergoing Type A counseling show…
Risk due to inactivity in physically capable older adults
OBJECTIVES. This study examined the association between recreational physical activity among physically capable older adults and functional status, incidence of selected chronic conditions, and mortality over 3 and 6 years. METHODS. Data are from three sites of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. RESULTS. A high level of recreational physical activity reduced the likelihood of mortality over both 3 and 6 years. M…
Vital exhaustion predicts new cardiac events after successful coronary angioplasty
Excessive tiredness is one of the most prevalent premonitory symptoms of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. This state is labelled as vital exhaustion and consists of three components: fatigue, increased irritability, and demoralization. Vital exhaustion has been found to be an independent risk-indicator of myocardial infarction in one prospective study and several case-control studies. It is as yet unclear whether the association be…
Financial Strain and Symptoms of Depression in a Community Sample of Elderly Men and Women
For many older Americans, managing economic resources is a considerable challenge, often resulting in chronic financial strain. This study examines the impact of financial strain on one domain of distress: symptoms of depression. Data came from a longitudinal study of a representative community sample of an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse elderly population. In multivariate analysis, financial strain was strongly associated with concurre…
The Effects of Negative Life Events on Alcohol Consumption among older Men and Women
We examined the effect of selected negative life events on changes in alcohol consumption in a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling persons 65 years of age and older. Using the Tension Reduction Hypothesis (TRH) as a framework, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to negative life events leads to increased alcohol consumption at follow-up (1985) after controlling for baseline alcohol consumption (1982) and covariates found to be assoc…
Functional disability among elderly blacks and whites in two diverse areas
This study examines the prevalence of functional disability (limitation in at least one basic activity of daily living) among elderly Black and White community residents in the New Haven (n = 2812) and North Carolina (n = 4162) sites of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE). In New Haven, elderly Blacks, particularly women below age 75, had a higher prevalence of disability compared with Whites, which was pa…
Quality of Life in Behavioral Medicine Research
Self-efficacy, Physical Decline, and Change in Functioning in Community-Living Elders
This study examines whether high self-efficacy is protective against a decline in functional status in community-residing elderly persons. Data came from a sample of 1,103 subjects aged > or = 72 years who were ambulatory within the household and who received in-home assessments at baseline and 18 months later to obtain information on sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health status variables, including physical performance tests. Functional sta…
Driving Cessation and Increased Depressive Symptoms
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between driving cessation and depressive symptoms among older drivers. Previous efforts in this area have focused on the factors associated with cessation, not the consequences of having stopped. DESIGN: Cohort study SETTING: Urban community PARTICIPANTS: A driving survey was administered in 1989 to surviving noninstitutionalized members of the New Haven Established Population…
Beyond single indicators of social networks
Population based study of social and productive activities as predictors of survival among elderly Americans
Objectives: To examine any association between social, productive, and physical activity and 13 year survival in older people. Design: Prospective cohort study with annual mortality follow up. Activity and other measures were assessed by structured interviews at baseline in the participants9 homes Proportional hazards models were used to model survival from time of initial interview. Setting: City of New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Partici…
Depression and Social Support in Recovery From Myocardial Infarction
Rush Institute for Health Aging and the Department of Preventive Medicine Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center 1645 W. Jackson Blvd, Suite 675 Chicago, IL 60612 Email: [email protected]
Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Perceived Declines in Functional Ability
Longitudinal data from a cohort of older men and women, aged 70-79, were used to test the hypothesis that stronger self-efficacy beliefs would protect against onset of perceived functional disabilities over a 2.5-year follow-up, independent of underlying physical ability. Standard self-report scales were used to assess perceived functional disabilities, ranging from mild performance difficulties (measured by a 5-item scale based on items by Nagi)…
Social Networks and Disability Transitions Across Eight Intervals of Yearly Data in the New Haven Epese
The findings lend further support for the role of social relationships in important health outcomes in old age. They suggest that being "embedded" in a social network of relatives and friends reduces risk for ADL disability, and enhances recovery from ADL disability
Consequences of Driving Cessation
The potential consequences of driving limitations or cessation should be taken into account when advising older drivers and developing alternative transportation strategies to help maintain their mobility
Disability as a Function of Social Networks and Support in Elderly African Americans and Whites
The findings provide further evidence for the role of social relationships in the disablement process, although not all types of social relationships may be equally beneficial. Furthermore, these associations may be more complex than simple causal effects. There were few racial differences in the association of social relationships with disability, with the possible exception of instrumental support, which may allude to possible sociocultural dif…
Evaluating an Educational Intervention With Relatives of Persons in the Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease
The objective of this article was to describe the results of an educational intervention for family caregivers of persons in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. A total of 58 family caregivers participated in this intervention, which consisted of five weekly educational sessions about the disease and various aspects of caregiving. Measures of knowledge about Alzheimer’s disease, reactions to patients’ impairments, and levels of depression at…
The Depression Interview and Structured Hamilton (Dish)
Objective The Depression Interview and Structured Hamilton (DISH) is a semistructured interview developed for the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study, a multicenter clinical trial of treatment for depression and low perceived social support after acute myocardial infarction. The DISH is designed to diagnose depression in medically ill patients and to assess its severity on an embedded version of Williams’ Structured Inter…
Short-Term Change in Physical Function and Disability
Basic physical functions account for a substantial proportion of the heterogeneity in ADL and mobility disability among older disabled women, but have a relatively small impact on short-term changes in either type of disability. Effective prevention of disability may require attention to a wider array of risk factors than just limitations in basic physical functions
Social Engagement and Disability in a Community Population of Older Adults
This paper examines the effect of social engagement on disability among community-dwelling older adults in 1982-1991. Data were collected from the New Haven, Connecticut, site of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. Baseline social engagement was measured by using 11 items related to social and productive activity. Disability data consisted of a six-item measure of activities of daily living, a three-item measure …
Social resources and cognitive decline in a population of older African Americans and whites
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of social resources and cognitive decline in older adults. METHODS: Data are from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, an epidemiologic study of risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) and other common conditions in a geographically defined population of older persons. The sample consisted of 6,102 non-Hispanic African Americans (61.2%) and whites, aged > or = 65, who underwent up to three interviews during an …
Personality and Mortality in Old Age
We examined the relation of personality to mortality in 883 older Catholic clergy members (69% women). At baseline, they completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, which assesses the five principal dimensions of personality. They were followed for a mean of 5.1 years, during which 182 deaths occurred. Risk of death was nearly doubled in those with a high neuroticism score (90th percentile) compared with a low score (10th percentile) and was approxi…
A Longitudinal Study of Black–White Differences in Social Resources
The findings provide evidence for lower levels of social resources among older Blacks. There was little evidence that racial differences were the result of greater decline during old age itself
Racial Differences in Perceived Discrimination in a Community Population of Older Blacks and Whites
These findings suggest that older Blacks perceive more discrimination than do older Whites. This may have important implications for health differences between older Blacks and Whites
Medicine (70 obras) · Psychology (58 obras) · Gerontology (50 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (45 obras) · Psychiatry (40 obras) · Demography (32 obras) · Population (29 obras) · Demography (28 obras) · Cognition (19 obras) · Environmental health (19 obras)