Lindsay C Kobayashi
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1725948 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Lindsay C Kobayashi |
| NOMBRES | Lindsay C |
| APELLIDO | Kobayashi |
| FIRMA | KOBAYASHI L C |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2725-3107 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 148 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 51 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2014 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Cohort Prevalence Estimates Are Sensitive to Prebaseline Mortality
All cohorts are conditioned on survival to a study's baseline. The validity of estimates drawn from these cohorts of survivors may be compromised if those who die prior to enrollment have different covariate structures than survivors. In this research note, we used data from the “HAALSI Cohort” (Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa) of older adults in rural South Africa and a “Mortality Cohort” …
Family availability and memory function and decline among adults aged ≥51 in England and the United States, 2004–2019
Among aging US adults, joint spousal and child availability may support better later-life memory function, yet faster memory decline, consistent with a cognitive reserve mechanism. The lack of dose-response relationships suggests diminishing returns with increasing levels of family availability beyond the presence of a spouse or child. Cross-national heterogeneity in these associations between the US and England may imply effect modification by s…
Co-calibration of cognitive performance in the National Health and Aging Trends Study with the Health and Retirement Study's Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
NHATS and HRS-HCAP both provide reliable cognitive function measures and dementia prevalence estimates for older Americans. Co-calibrated scores based on each study's cognitive test battery provide a valid and feasible approach for comparative US research. Better aligned algorithmic approaches across studies could strengthen opportunities for comparative studies of disparities in the US context using the co-calibration approach
Expanded child support grant eligibility and later-life mortality among mothers in rural South Africa
The South African Child Support Grant (CSG) may be associated with mother's mortality via pathways linked to CSG spending, however, this relationship remains uncertain. To identify the association between CSG eligibility and mortality among mothers, we exploited exogenous variation in CSG-eligibility due to iterative age-eligibility expansions. Data were obtained from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System. Mothers contrib…
The measurement of cognition in large-scale cross-national surveys
By summarizing these experiences, this article informs future efforts in enhancing the comparability and validity of cognitive assessments for cross-national aging studies, providing insights into optimizing survey design for the accurate measurement of cognitive functioning, cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Insights also enable data users to identify the limitations of existing data, thus facilitating more informed dec…
Recommended best practices for construct-centered adaptation of the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
The HCAP neuropsychological assessment approach has unique considerations for adaptation that balance the needs of local validity with cross-national harmonization. Shared best practices for HCAP adaptation will improve the quality of cross-national HCAP data collection, data harmonization, analyses, and inferences. The HCAP is a useful model for cross-nationally harmonized data collection and research to improve our understanding of cognitive ag…
Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
We advocate for the HCAP as a structured yet adaptable framework that prioritizes measurement precision and cultural relevance, while retaining sufficient uniformity to conduct statistical harmonization across settings. What makes an HCAP an HCAP is not a strict checklist of tests, but a commitment to rigorous, culturally respectful measurement of cognitive health in older adults around the world
Effect of social support on memory ageing of middle-aged and older cancer survivors
BACKGROUND: While social support is associated with better cognitive health among cancer-free individuals, this relationship is understudied among cancer survivors. We investigated whether overall social support before and after a cancer diagnosis is related to post-diagnosis memory ageing, overall and by sex/gender. METHODS: Data were from 2044 cancer survivors in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n=1395) and English Longitudinal Study of…
Changes in marital and health status as risk factors for a subsequent negative wealth shock
Type II diabetes and cognitive function among older adults in India and China—results from Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol studies
Objective: Type II diabetes is a recognized risk factor of declining cognitive function in high-income countries. However, there is limited research on this association across low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to examine and compare the relationship between type II diabetes and cognition amongst adults aged 60 years and older for two of the largest LMICs: India and China. Methods: = 9,741). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models…
Altered place engagement since Covid-19
Little is known about longer-term changes to community participation since the COVID-19 pandemic onset and potential implications for health and wellbeing in later life. This multi-method investigation analyzes national data from the COVID-19 Coping Study. Statistical analyses of survey data ( n = 1,630; mean age 67.9 years; data collected April/May 2022) identified that adults residing in the US still tended to stay inside their homes more often…
Education, urbanicity of residence, and cardiometabolic biomarkers among middle-aged and older populations in the US, Mexico, China, and India
There is a complex relationship between education and cardiometabolic biomarkers across countries and by urbanicity of residence. This complexity underscores the importance of accounting for contextual factors when devising strategies to enhance cardiometabolic health in various settings
Educational Attainment and Later-Life Cognitive Function in High- and Middle-Income Countries
The relationship between education and later-life cognitive function across social and geographic contexts underscores the crucial role of education to promote cognitive health and reduce dementia risk. Continual improvement of educational attainment in low- and middle-income settings may yield a significant pay-off in later-life cognitive health
Interpersonal, Community, and Societal Stressors Mediate Black–White Memory Disparities
Elements of structural racism may contribute to cognitive disparities via disproportionate stress experiences at multiple contextual levels among Black older adults. Future research should consider multilevel protective factors that buffer against negative impacts of racism on health
Impact of the South African Child Support Grant on memory decline and dementia probability in rural and low-income mothers, 2014-2021
Losing the illusion of control and predictability of life’
Bereavement and grief are frequently experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic given widespread mortality. However, losses extend beyond deaths to include cancelled plans and routines, separation from family and friends, and unemployment. It is essential to better understand the multifaceted and complex losses experienced by older adults throughout the pandemic. We analysed 2,587 open-ended survey responses collected online in May to July 2020 fro…
The impact of a randomized cash transfer intervention on mortality of adult household members in rural South Africa, 2011-2022
Please don't let me become a statistic in this grocery store
Older Americans’ Perceptions of the Federal Government’s Pandemic Response
There is limited understanding of how older adults evaluated the federal government’s COVID-19 response, despite their increased health risks during the pandemic and their important role in politics. We conducted qualitative thematic analysis on a nationally representative subsample of respondents aged 55+ from the COVID-19 Coping Study ( N = 500) who were asked: “How do you feel about federal government responses to and handling of the COVID-19 …
Vaccine Hesitancy During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Acute relationships between mental health and cognitive function during the Covid-19 pandemic
Background: The acute impacts of COVID-19-related mental health concerns on cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults are unknown. We investigated whether between-person (BP) differences and within-person (WP) changes in loneliness, anxiety, and worry about COVID-19 were related to cognitive function and abilities in a longitudinal cohort of middle-aged and older United States (US) adults over a nine-month period during the COVID-19 p…
Long-term household material socioeconomic resources and cognitive health in a population-based cohort of older adults in rural northeast South Africa, 2001–2015
Material resources owned by households that affect daily living conditions may be salient for cognitive health during aging, especially in low-income settings, but there is scarce evidence on this topic. We investigated relationships between long-term trends in household material resources and cognitive function among older adults in a population-representative study in rural South Africa. Data were from baseline interviews with 4580 adults aged …
Mental health and well-being in times of Covid-19
Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Pathways to Memory Performance in Mid to Late Adulthood
A literate environment in the childhood home may have lasting direct effects on memory function in mid to later life, while parental occupation and overcrowding appear to influence memory primarily through educational and occupational pathways
Subjective social position and cognitive function in a longitudinal cohort of older, rural South African adults, 2014–2019
Background The relationship between subjective social position (SSP) and cognitive ageing unclear, especially in low-income settings. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SSP and cognitive function over time among older adults in rural South Africa. Methods Data were from 3771 adults aged ≥40 in the population-representative ‘Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa’ from 2014/2015 (bas…
Social isolation and loneliness in later life
Structural inequality in the time of Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic exposes countries and people in sub-Saharan Africa to severe risks because of structural global inequalities. There is a simultaneous risk of the use of public health action to enact oppressive governance policies, which is happening in response to COVID-19 in many countries. In this commentary, we use the example of 20th-century pandemic control in pre-apartheid South Africa to illustrate how public health crises can engend…
Childhood deprivation and later-life cognitive function in a population-based study of older rural South Africans
Mental health and well-being in times of Covid-19
Can Neighborhood Social Infrastructure Modify Cognitive Function? A Mixed-Methods Study of Urban-Dwelling Aging Americans
Objectives: Socialization predicts cognitive aging outcomes. Neighborhoods may facilitate socially engaged aging and thus shape cognition. We investigated places where older adults socialized and whether availability of these sites was associated with cognitive outcomes. Methods: Qualitative analysis of interviews and ethnography with 125 older adults (mean age 71 years) in Minneapolis identified where participants socialized outside of home. Thi…
Perceptions of societal ageism and declines in subjective memory during the Covid‐19 pandemic
The cognitive health of older adults since the COVID‐19 pandemic onset is unclear, as is the potential impact of pandemic‐associated societal ageism on perceived cognition. We investigated associations between perceptions of societal ageism and changes in subjective memory over a 10‐month period during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We collected longitudinal data from monthly online questionnaires in the nationwide COVID‐19 Coping Study of US adults aged…
Social contact, social support, and cognitive health in a population-based study of middle-aged and older men and women in rural South Africa
The patterns we found suggest that cognitively impaired older adults in this setting rely on their core social networks for support, and that theories relating to social connectedness and cognitive function developed in higher-income and higher-education settings may also apply in lower-resource settings elsewhere
Educational Attainment and Later-Life Cognitive Function in High- and Middle-Income Countries
The relationship between education and later-life cognitive function across social and geographic contexts underscores the crucial role of education to promote cognitive health and reduce dementia risk. Continual improvement of educational attainment in low- and middle-income settings may yield a significant pay-off in later-life cognitive health
Job Transitions and Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Adults Aged 55 and Older During the Covid-19 Pandemic
COVID-19-related job transitions are detrimental to mental health, even when they might keep workers safe. These results enhance our understanding of the potentially long-term mental health effects of social and economic aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the need for economic and mental health support for aging Americans
Life-Course Trauma and Later Life Mental, Physical, and Cognitive Health in a Postapartheid South African Population
Objective: To investigate the relationships between exposure to life-course traumatic events (TEs) and later life mental, physical, and cognitive health outcomes in the older population of a rural South African community. Method: Data were from baseline interviews with 2,473 adults aged ≥40 years in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) study, conducted in 2…
Employment trajectories in midlife and cognitive performance in later life
BACKGROUND: Although being employed during midlife is positively associated with cognitive function in later life, little is known with respect to cumulative trajectories or durations of time spent in different kinds of work. METHODS: We investigated the relationships between employment trajectory from ages 31 years to 50 years and cognitive skills at ages 50-78 years among 2521 adults in the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1968 to 2016. S…
Internet use, social engagement and health literacy decline during ageing in a longitudinal cohort of older English adults
BACKGROUND: Health literacy skills tend to decline during ageing, which is often attributed to age-related cognitive decline. Whether health literacy skills may be influenced by technological and social factors during ageing is unknown. METHODS: We investigated whether internet use and social engagement protect against health literacy decline during ageing, independent of cognitive decline. We used prospective data from 4368 men and women aged ≥5…
Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
We advocate for the HCAP as a structured yet adaptable framework that prioritizes measurement precision and cultural relevance, while retaining sufficient uniformity to conduct statistical harmonization across settings. What makes an HCAP an HCAP is not a strict checklist of tests, but a commitment to rigorous, culturally respectful measurement of cognitive health in older adults around the world
Grandchild Caregiving and Cognitive Health Among Grandparents in Rural South Africa
Objectives: We investigate how caregiving for grandchildren is associated with cognitive function among rural South Africans, and whether the association differs by gender. We further investigate whether measures of physical activity or social engagement mediate this association. Methods: Data were from interviews with 3668 Black, South African grandparents in the "Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South …
Disparity in Educational Attainment Partially Explains Cognitive Gender Differences in Older Rural South Africans
In this older South African cohort, gender inequality in cognitive performance was partially attributable to educational differences. Understanding biopsychosocial mechanisms that promote cognitive resilience in older women is critically important given the predominantly female composition of aging populations worldwide
Losing the illusion of control and predictability of life’
Bereavement and grief are frequently experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic given widespread mortality. However, losses extend beyond deaths to include cancelled plans and routines, separation from family and friends, and unemployment. It is essential to better understand the multifaceted and complex losses experienced by older adults throughout the pandemic. We analysed 2,587 open-ended survey responses collected online in May to July 2020 fro…
Please don't let me become a statistic in this grocery store
Subjective social position and cognitive function in a longitudinal cohort of older, rural South African adults, 2014–2019
Background The relationship between subjective social position (SSP) and cognitive ageing unclear, especially in low-income settings. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SSP and cognitive function over time among older adults in rural South Africa. Methods Data were from 3771 adults aged ≥40 in the population-representative ‘Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa’ from 2014/2015 (bas…
Duration of subjective poverty in relation to subsequent cognitive performance and decline among adults aged ≥64 in China, 2005-2018
You Say Tomato, I Say Radish
The cognitive assessments in the U.S. HRS and its International Partner Studies reflect comparable underlying cognitive constructs. We discuss the assumptions underlying our methods, present alternatives, and future directions for cross-national harmonization of cognitive aging data
Interpersonal, Community, and Societal Stressors Mediate Black–White Memory Disparities
Elements of structural racism may contribute to cognitive disparities via disproportionate stress experiences at multiple contextual levels among Black older adults. Future research should consider multilevel protective factors that buffer against negative impacts of racism on health
Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Pathways to Memory Performance in Mid to Late Adulthood
A literate environment in the childhood home may have lasting direct effects on memory function in mid to later life, while parental occupation and overcrowding appear to influence memory primarily through educational and occupational pathways
The associations between objective numeracy and colorectal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes and defensive processing in a deprived community sample
We examined associations between numeracy and sociocognitive factors associated with colorectal cancer screening uptake ( n = 964). Nearly half (45.7%) of the respondents incorrectly answered a numeracy question (low numeracy). Low numeracy respondents were less knowledgeable about colorectal cancer ( p < .001), less positive towards screening (emotional, p < .001 and practical, p = .001) and less likely to intend to participate in screening ( p …
Decomposing socio-economic inequality in colorectal cancer screening uptake in England
UV and dietary predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among young shift-working nurses and implications for bone density and skin cancer
Objective In 2011, the US Institute of Medicine updated the definition of vitamin D inadequacy to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration of 30– Design Participants recorded lifestyle factors and dietary intake and provided fasting blood samples for measurement of serum 25(OH)D in both summer and winter. Predictors of serum 25(OH)D variation were analysed using linear regression and generalized linear mixed models. Setting Kingston Gene…
Text Reminders in Colorectal Cancer Screening (TRICCS)
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN70904476 (18/09/2015)
Internet use, social engagement and health literacy decline during ageing in a longitudinal cohort of older English adults
BACKGROUND: Health literacy skills tend to decline during ageing, which is often attributed to age-related cognitive decline. Whether health literacy skills may be influenced by technological and social factors during ageing is unknown. METHODS: We investigated whether internet use and social engagement protect against health literacy decline during ageing, independent of cognitive decline. We used prospective data from 4368 men and women aged ≥5…
Decomposing socio-economic inequality in colorectal cancer screening uptake in England
A lack of information engagement among colorectal cancer screening non-attenders
Although 'The Facts' booklet is intended to support informed choices about CRC screening, the majority of unscreened individuals report that they have read none of it. The degree to which public engagement with the decision-making process about cancer screening is socially unequal must be better understood so that comprehensive and equitable public communication strategies can be developed
Aging and Functional Health Literacy
The associations between objective numeracy and colorectal cancer screening knowledge, attitudes and defensive processing in a deprived community sample
We examined associations between numeracy and sociocognitive factors associated with colorectal cancer screening uptake ( n = 964). Nearly half (45.7%) of the respondents incorrectly answered a numeracy question (low numeracy). Low numeracy respondents were less knowledgeable about colorectal cancer ( p < .001), less positive towards screening (emotional, p < .001 and practical, p = .001) and less likely to intend to participate in screening ( p …
Childhood deprivation and later-life cognitive function in a population-based study of older rural South Africans
Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Health Behaviors at Older Ages
Background: The prospective associations between social isolation, loneliness, and health behaviors are uncertain, despite the potential importance of these relationships over time for outcomes including mortality. Purpose: To examine the associations between baseline social isolation, baseline loneliness, and engagement in health behaviors over 10 years among older adults. Methods: Data were from 3,392 men and women aged ≥52 years in the English…
Cross-sectional relationship between haemoglobin concentration and measures of physical and cognitive function in an older rural South African population
BACKGROUND: Age cohort differences in haemoglobin concentrations and associations with physical and cognitive performance among populations of lower income and middle-income countries have not previously been described. We examined the association between these factors among older men and women in rural South Africa. METHODS: We analysed cross-sectional data from a population-based study of rural South African men and women aged 40 and over (n=44…
Social isolation and loneliness in later life
Cognitive function and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in rural South Africa
We provide an important baseline from rural South Africa on the associations between cardiometabolic disease risk factors and cognitive function in an older, rural South African population using standardized clinical measurements and cut-offs and widely used cognitive assessments. Future studies are needed to clarify temporal associations as well as patterns between the onset and duration of cardiometabolic conditions and cognitive function. As t…
Employment trajectories in midlife and cognitive performance in later life
BACKGROUND: Although being employed during midlife is positively associated with cognitive function in later life, little is known with respect to cumulative trajectories or durations of time spent in different kinds of work. METHODS: We investigated the relationships between employment trajectory from ages 31 years to 50 years and cognitive skills at ages 50-78 years among 2521 adults in the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1968 to 2016. S…
Effects of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion on Subjective Well-Being in the US Adult Population, 2010–2016
Objectives. To determine whether the 2014 Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion affected well-being in the low-income and general adult US populations. Methods. We obtained data from adults aged 18 to 64 years in the nationally representative Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index from 2010 to 2016 (n = 1 674 953). We used a difference-in-differences analysis to compare access to and difficulty affording health care and subjective well-being outcomes…
Structural inequality in the time of Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic exposes countries and people in sub-Saharan Africa to severe risks because of structural global inequalities. There is a simultaneous risk of the use of public health action to enact oppressive governance policies, which is happening in response to COVID-19 in many countries. In this commentary, we use the example of 20th-century pandemic control in pre-apartheid South Africa to illustrate how public health crises can engend…
Life-Course Trauma and Later Life Mental, Physical, and Cognitive Health in a Postapartheid South African Population
Objective: To investigate the relationships between exposure to life-course traumatic events (TEs) and later life mental, physical, and cognitive health outcomes in the older population of a rural South African community. Method: Data were from baseline interviews with 2,473 adults aged ≥40 years in the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI) study, conducted in 2…
You Say Tomato, I Say Radish
The cognitive assessments in the U.S. HRS and its International Partner Studies reflect comparable underlying cognitive constructs. We discuss the assumptions underlying our methods, present alternatives, and future directions for cross-national harmonization of cognitive aging data
Disparity in Educational Attainment Partially Explains Cognitive Gender Differences in Older Rural South Africans
In this older South African cohort, gender inequality in cognitive performance was partially attributable to educational differences. Understanding biopsychosocial mechanisms that promote cognitive resilience in older women is critically important given the predominantly female composition of aging populations worldwide
Social contact, social support, and cognitive health in a population-based study of middle-aged and older men and women in rural South Africa
The patterns we found suggest that cognitively impaired older adults in this setting rely on their core social networks for support, and that theories relating to social connectedness and cognitive function developed in higher-income and higher-education settings may also apply in lower-resource settings elsewhere
Coping During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Objective: Older adults may struggle with stresses and daily life challenges associated with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Yet they may also utilize emotional and behavioral coping strategies. This qualitative paper aims to identify ways of coping with worries and stress during the pandemic from the perspectives of older adults in the United States. Methods: The COVID-19 Coping Study recruited 6,938 adults aged ≥55 through onl…
Alcohol Use and Mental Health among Older American Adults during the Early Months of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Poor mental health associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may prompt the utilization of various coping behaviors, including alcohol use. We aimed to investigate the relationships between mental health symptomatology and self-reported changes in alcohol consumption at the onset of the pandemic. Data were from the nationwide COVID-19 Coping Study of US adults aged ≥55 in April and May 2020 (n = 6548). We used population-weighted multivariable-adjust…
Can Neighborhood Social Infrastructure Modify Cognitive Function? A Mixed-Methods Study of Urban-Dwelling Aging Americans
Objectives: Socialization predicts cognitive aging outcomes. Neighborhoods may facilitate socially engaged aging and thus shape cognition. We investigated places where older adults socialized and whether availability of these sites was associated with cognitive outcomes. Methods: Qualitative analysis of interviews and ethnography with 125 older adults (mean age 71 years) in Minneapolis identified where participants socialized outside of home. Thi…
Grandchild Caregiving and Cognitive Health Among Grandparents in Rural South Africa
Objectives: We investigate how caregiving for grandchildren is associated with cognitive function among rural South Africans, and whether the association differs by gender. We further investigate whether measures of physical activity or social engagement mediate this association. Methods: Data were from interviews with 3668 Black, South African grandparents in the "Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South …
Job Transitions and Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Adults Aged 55 and Older During the Covid-19 Pandemic
COVID-19-related job transitions are detrimental to mental health, even when they might keep workers safe. These results enhance our understanding of the potentially long-term mental health effects of social and economic aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the need for economic and mental health support for aging Americans
Duration of subjective poverty in relation to subsequent cognitive performance and decline among adults aged ≥64 in China, 2005-2018
Medicine (44 obras) · Gerontology (34 obras) · Psychology (32 obras) · Cognition (23 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (23 obras) · Psychiatry (23 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Demography (16 obras) · Population (16 obras) · Demography (14 obras)