R Mitchell
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1746 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | R Mitchell |
| NOMBRES | R |
| APELLIDO | Mitchell |
| FIRMA | MITCHELL R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Glasgow |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3827-7155 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 81 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 283 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 81 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1943 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
“Availability is the poor cousin of marketing and pricing”
Background: Reducing alcohol and tobacco availability is one potential way to reduce harm from these unhealthy commodities. This study explores key stakeholders' views in relation to policy priorities and considerations for both alcohol and tobacco availability. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 stakeholders from alcohol and/or tobacco third sector organizations, government, public health and licensing in Scotland. Intervie…
Public and professional stakeholders’ perceptions of alcohol advertising and availability policies
Is objectively measured exposure to built and natural environment associated with population-level cardiovascular disease mortality in Great Britain
Findings have clear policy implications, suggesting prioritisation of reductions in air pollution-particularly in deprived areas-while promoting walkability and tree cover to reduce health inequalities. Unexpected positive associations between 'goods' and mortality highlight that complex neighbourhood effects warrant further study
Exploring the application of knowledge transfer to sports video data
The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computer Vision (CV) in sports has generated significant interest in enhancing viewer experience through graphical overlays and predictive analytics, as well as providing valuable insights to coaches. However, more efficient methods are needed that can be applied across different sports without incurring high data annotation or model training costs. A major limitation of training deep learning m…
Inequalities in geographical distribution of heritage in Scotland, investigating spatial exposure to heritage sites through area-based and individual-based (GPS) measurement
Growing evidence suggests that visiting heritage, such as historic buildings, or landscapes, may enhance mental health. However, adults and children from deprived areas are less likely to visit heritage, perhaps partly due to unequal geographical availability. Few studies investigate socio-spatial inequity of heritage access nationally, and there is an absence of research exploring individual-based contact with heritage. We study both and ours is…
Commentary
Recent advances in data science and urban environmental health research utilise large-scale databases (100s-1000s of cities) to explore the complex interplay of urban characteristics such as city form and size, climate, mobility, exposure, and environmental health impacts. Cities are still hotspots of air pollution and noise, suffer urban heat island effects and lack of green space, which leads to disease and mortality burdens preventable with be…
Inequalities in neighbourhood features within children's 20-minute neighbourhoods and variation in time spent locally, measured using GPS
There has been a growing interest in policies that encourage local living by promoting accessible and walkable communities, such as the 20-minute neighbourhood concept. Despite the widespread adoption of this policy in cities worldwide, little research has been conducted on the characteristics of children's 20-minute neighbourhoods and their association with time spent locally. This study aimed to explore the features of Scottish children's 20-mi…
Impact of built environment change on all-cause and cause-specific mortality
BACKGROUND: Public health research increasingly acknowledges the influence of built environments (BE) on health; however, it is uncertain how BE change is associated with better population health and whether BE change can help narrow health inequalities. This knowledge gap is partly due to a lack of suitable longitudinal BE data in most countries. We devised a method to quantify BE change longitudinally and explored associations with mortality. T…
Day-to-day intrapersonal variability in mobility patterns and association with perceived stress
Many aspects of our life are related to our mobility patterns and individuals can exhibit strong tendencies towards routine in their daily lives. Intrapersonal day-to-day variability in mobility patterns has been associated with mental health outcomes. The study aims were: (a) calculate intrapersonal day-to-day variability in mobility metrics for three cities; (b) explore interpersonal variability in mobility metrics by sex, season and city, and …
Inequalities in children’s exposure to alcohol outlets in Scotland
Children have little control over what they are exposed to, so policies that reduce inequities in alcohol availability should be prioritised to ensure that all children have the opportunity to lead healthy lives
Nationwide equity assessment of the 20-min neighbourhood in the scottish context
The 20-min neighbourhood (20 MN) is a method of designing neighbourhoods in such a way that individuals can meet the majority of their daily needs within a 10-min walk (therefore a 20-min return trip) of their home. The Scottish Government have committed to apply the 20 MN concept nationwide, focusing on disadvantaged communities. The aims of this study were to: (1) create 20 MN catchment areas for health, transport, education, social and recreat…
Neighbourhood natural space and the narrowing of socioeconomic inequality in children's social, emotional, and behavioural wellbeing
The natural environment could be a lever to benefit those from less advantaged backgrounds, particularly the development of prosocial behaviours
Exposure to unhealthy product advertising
This study aimed to understand socio-spatial inequalities in the placement of unhealthy commodity advertisements at transportation stops within the Central Belt of Scotland and to measure advertisement exposure using children's individual-level mobility data. We found that children who resided within more deprived areas had greater contact with the transport network and also greater exposure to unhealthy food and drink product advertising, compar…
Social integration as a determinant of inequalities in green space usage
Visiting urban green spaces (UGS) benefits physical and mental health. However, socio-economic and geographical inequalities in visits persist and their causes are under-explored. Perceptions of, and attitudes to, other UGS users have been theorised as a determinant of visiting. In the absence of data on these factors, we created a spatial agent-based model (ABM) of four cities in Scotland to investigate intra- and inter-city inequalities in UGS …
Contextual influences on chronic illness
The features of the urban environment can support human health as well as harm it, but less is known about such influences in the context of middle eastern countries. The association between green space and the political classifications of the urban environment and the risk of chronic illness was investigated in a novel setting, the twin cities of Ramallah and Albireh in the occupied Palestinian territory. We used a generalised multi-level regres…
How can an agent-based model explore the impact of interventions on children's physical activity in an urban environment
Insufficient physical activity (PA) among most children and adolescents is a global problem that is undermining the realisation of numerous developmental and health benefits. The aim of this study was to explore the potential impact of interventions on PA by using an agent-based model (ABM) simulating children's daily activities in an urban environment. Three domains for interventions were explored: outdoor play, school physical education and act…
Kenneth R. McLeroy, PhD, MS (1947–2020)
Theory driven analysis of social class and health outcomes using UK nationally representative longitudinal data
This study has demonstrated both the potential and the limitations of available cohort studies in measuring aspects of social class theory. The relatively small amount of variation explained in the outcome variables in this study suggests that these are imperfect measures of the different social class mechanisms. However, the study lays an important foundation for further research to understand the complex interactions, at various life stages, be…
The relationship between living in urban and rural areas of Scotland and children’s physical activity and sedentary levels
Extrapolated across one-year, rural children would accumulate approximately 79 h (or just over 3 days) less sedentary time than urban children, replacing this for light intensity activity. With both outcomes having known implications for health, this finding is particularly important. Future work should prioritise exploring the patterns and context in which these differences occur to allow for more targeted intervention/policy strategies
Nature–Based Interventions for Improving Health and Wellbeing
Engagement with nature is an important part of many people’s lives, and the health and wellbeing benefits of nature–based activities are becoming increasingly recognised across disciplines from city planning to medicine. Despite this, urbanisation, challenges of modern life and environmental degradation are leading to a reduction in both the quantity and the quality of nature experiences. Nature–based health interventions (NBIs) can facilitate be…
Nature and mental health
We provide consensus on the benefits of nature experience for mental health, and a model for integrating them into urban design.
Full Issue
We believe that the forthright sharing of information among foundations and nonprofits builds a knowledge base that strengthens their ability to effectively address critical social issues. We encourage foundation donors, boards, and staff to honor this transparency in their own practices and to support others who do so
Are urban landscapes associated with reported life satisfaction and inequalities in life satisfaction at the city level? A cross-sectional study of 66 European cities
Theorising social class and its application to the study of health inequalities
The literature on health inequalities often uses measures of socio-economic position pragmatically to rank the population to describe inequalities in health rather than to understand social and economic relationships between groups. Theoretical considerations about the meaning of different measures, the social processes they describe, and how these might link to health are often limited. This paper builds upon Wright's synthesis of social class t…
Inequalities in life and death
"Death in Britain" reported changes in death inequalities from the 1950s to the 1990s and claimed that Britain was failing to reach Target One of the World Health Organization - to reduce inequalities in health by 2000. This work argues that Britain has failed and contains evidence of the still-widening geograhical gap in mortality in Britain. The report looks at the role played by age, gender, social class and unemployment in producing geographi…
Environmental justice and health
Understanding persistent and increasing spatial inequalities in health is an important field of academic enquiry for geographers, epidemiologists and public health researchers. Delivering robust explanations for the growing spatial divide in health offers potential for improving health outcomes across the social spectrum, but particularly among disadvantaged groups. One potential driver for the increasing geographical differences in health is the…
Green space and cognitive ageing
International evidence suggests that green space has beneficial effects on general and mental health but little is known about how lifetime exposure to green space influences cognitive ageing. Employing a novel longitudinal life course approach, we examined the association between lifetime availability of public parks and cognitive ageing. Lifetime residential information was gathered from the participants of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 using a…
Do attitude and area influence health
Are urban landscapes associated with reported life satisfaction and inequalities in life satisfaction at the city level? A cross-sectional study of 66 European cities
Health inequalities in Britain
Socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in Britain increased over the second half of the 20th century, particularly from the early 1970s onwards.1 The magnitude of mortality differentials reflects the trend in income inequality, which has also undergone a dramatic increase over the past quarter century.1 The present British government have emphasised their commitment to reducing health inequalities. For example the Minister of Health, A…
Environmental justice and health
The Mechanism behind Environmental Inequality in Scotland
Research suggests that people living in deprived areas of the UK are more likely to be exposed to hazardous environments than those in more affluent areas, but the mechanism behind this trend is not clear. Discrimination in the siting of undesirable land uses has often been blamed, leading to claims of environmental injustice. However, environmental inequalities may also arise through postsiting processes that lead to selective migration: the pre…
Location, location, location
Life and death of the people of London
Characteristics of individuals and characteristics of areas
Growing your own’
Growing food for personal and family consumption is a significant global activity, but one that has received insufficient academic attention, particularly in developed countries. This paper uses data from the European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) to address three areas of particular concern: the prevalence of growing your own food and how this has changed over time; the individual and household context in which growing takes place; and whether t…
Is local alcohol outlet density related to alcohol-related morbidity and mortality in Scottish cities
Alcohol consumption may be influenced by the local alcohol retailing environment. This study is the first to examine neighbourhood alcohol outlet availability (on- and off-sales outlets) and alcohol-related health outcomes in Scotland. Alcohol-related hospitalisations and deaths were significantly higher in neighbourhoods with higher outlet densities, and off-sales outlets were more important than on-sales outlets. The relationships held for most…
Factors which nurture geographical resilience in Britain
OBJECTIVES: To identify plausible mechanisms by which resilience (low mortality rates despite persistent economic adversity) was achieved in some areas in Britain between 1971 and 2001. METHODS: Mixed method observational study, combining quantitative analyses of cause- and age group-specific mortality rates, and area sociodemographic and environmental characteristics, with case studies of resilient areas which included in-depth interviews. RESUL…
Postmodern Reflections on the UNCRC
Theorising Rights-based Restorative Justice
This paper investigates theoretical and practice intersections in Canada between the principles and provisions of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the UN's Basic Principles on the Use of Restorative Justice in Criminal Justice Matters. We undertook this exploratory study from a transdisciplinary standpoint and utilised grounded theory methodological and analytical procedures throughout; data include legal and policy documentary a…
The Woodworking Tools of the Australian Aborigines
Nationwide equity assessment of the 20-min neighbourhood in the scottish context
The 20-min neighbourhood (20 MN) is a method of designing neighbourhoods in such a way that individuals can meet the majority of their daily needs within a 10-min walk (therefore a 20-min return trip) of their home. The Scottish Government have committed to apply the 20 MN concept nationwide, focusing on disadvantaged communities. The aims of this study were to: (1) create 20 MN catchment areas for health, transport, education, social and recreat…
Mortality inequalities
Population production and modelling mortality—an application of geographic information systems in health inequalities research
Unmixing Aggregate Data
In this paper the authors address the problem of interpreting and classifying aggregate data sources and draw parallels between tasks commonly encountered in image processing and census analysis. Both of these fields already have a range of standard classification tools which are applied in such situations, but these are hindered by the aggregate nature of the input data. An approach to 'unmixing' aggregate data, and thus to revealing the nature …
Theorising the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child within Canadian Post-Secondary Education
The following exploratory study was conducted in 2005 within Canadian post-secondary institutions for those intending to gain employment within public education for children and related professions. Data are comprised from thirteen interviews and draw upon students and educators from education, child health, and child and youth studies programmes. The researchers adopted a qualitative, grounded theory methodology to analyze documentary themes and…
The “inverse housing law” and respiratory health
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a mismatch within Britain between climate severity and housing quality ("inverse housing law") and whether this mismatch is associated with respiratory health. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross sectional observational study. Britain (Scotland, Wales and England). The 3023 male and 3694 female Health and Lifestyle Survey participants with valid data available on all relevant items. MAIN RESULT…
Comparison of the Stone Tools of the Tasmanian and Australian Aborigines
S. R. Mitchell, Comparison of the Stone Tools of the Tasmanian and Australian Aborigines, The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 85, No. 1/2 (1955), pp. 131-139
The natural outdoors and health
The effects on health of a publicly funded domestic heating programme
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a publicly funded domestic heating programme on self-reported health. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective controlled study of 1281 households in Scotland receiving new central heating under a publicly funded initiative, and 1084 comparison households not receiving new heating. The main outcome measures were self-reported diagnosis of asthma, bronchitis, eczema, nasal allergy, heart disease, circulato…
Delegated and Sub‐delegated Legislation
Australian Aspects of Government corporations.1
Comparison of the Stone Tools of the Tasmanian and Australian Aborigines
S. R. Mitchell, Comparison of the Stone Tools of the Tasmanian and Australian Aborigines, The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 85, No. 1/2 (1955), pp. 131-139
The Woodworking Tools of the Australian Aborigines
Church and State in the United States
Church and State in the United States: A Summary of the Legal Issues Get access Stephen R. Mitchell Stephen R. Mitchell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 6, Issue 1, Winter 1964, Pages 15–35, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/6.1.15 Published: 01 January 1964
State and Society in the Interwar Years
Thought Control in Prewar Japan
Panugaga
Journal Article Panugaga: A Poem Get access Roger Mitchell Roger Mitchell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar OAH Magazine of History, Volume 2, Issue 3, Spring 1987, Pages 48–50, https://doi.org/10.1093/maghis/2.3.48 Published: 01 March 1987
An Instance of Treason
The Atomic Bomb Suppressed
This reader presents a balanced collection of 16 administrative profiles of high-level government and nonprofit officials for course use. They were originally published as part of a series for Public Administration Review and provide rich, in-depth examples of the work performed by high-level public servants and the factors that contribute to their effectiveness. The book begins with an extensive introduction to the use and importance of administ…
Y-chromosome-specific restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
The human Y chromosome comprises two distinct parts: the pseudoautosomal region on the tip of the short arm that pairs with the X chromosome in male meiosis and undergoes recombination, and the remainder of the chromosome, which is male-specific and not involved in recombination. It is this haploid part of the Y chromosome, with its accumulation of mutations, that is of interest to human biologists because the variation within it potentially refl…
Y-chromosome specific alleles and haplotypes in European and Asian populations
Variation on the Y chromosome may permit our understanding the evolution of the human paternal lineage and male gene flow. This study reports upon the distribution and non random association of alleles at four Y-chromosome specific loci in four populations, three Caucasoid (Italian, Greek and Slav) and one Asian. The markers include insertion/deletion (p12f), point mutation (92R7 and pY alpha I), and repeat sequence (p21A1) polymorphisms. Our dat…
A Study of Student Teachers’ Perceptions of Teaching the Arts in Primary Schools
Recent reform of initial teacher education has changed the balance of school‐based training of students and has increased teachers’ responsibility for training them in schools. This article reports on a preliminary study of primary undergraduate student teachers’ perceptions of their experience in schools on their second year and final teaching practices. Through questionnaires and structured interviews we sought students’ views of the effectiven…
Political Bribery in Japan
Unmixing Aggregate Data
In this paper the authors address the problem of interpreting and classifying aggregate data sources and draw parallels between tasks commonly encountered in image processing and census analysis. Both of these fields already have a range of standard classification tools which are applied in such situations, but these are hindered by the aggregate nature of the input data. An approach to 'unmixing' aggregate data, and thus to revealing the nature …
Do attitude and area influence health
The “inverse housing law” and respiratory health
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a mismatch within Britain between climate severity and housing quality ("inverse housing law") and whether this mismatch is associated with respiratory health. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross sectional observational study. Britain (Scotland, Wales and England). The 3023 male and 3694 female Health and Lifestyle Survey participants with valid data available on all relevant items. MAIN RESULT…
Characteristics of individuals and characteristics of areas
Life and death of the people of London
Population production and modelling mortality—an application of geographic information systems in health inequalities research
Health inequalities in Britain
Socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in Britain increased over the second half of the 20th century, particularly from the early 1970s onwards.1 The magnitude of mortality differentials reflects the trend in income inequality, which has also undergone a dramatic increase over the past quarter century.1 The present British government have emphasised their commitment to reducing health inequalities. For example the Minister of Health, A…
Postmodern Reflections on the UNCRC
Location, location, location
Carnival and Katrina
Journal Article Carnival and Katrina Get access Reid Mitchell Reid Mitchell Reid Mitchell lives in New Orleans. In 2006, Stacy Parker Aab interviewed him for her oral history project "The Katrina Experience." Thus, he has graduated from historian to primary source. He thanks Karen T. Leathem as well as JAH editors and readers for their comments on an earlier draft of this essay. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Sch…
Theorising the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child within Canadian Post-Secondary Education
The following exploratory study was conducted in 2005 within Canadian post-secondary institutions for those intending to gain employment within public education for children and related professions. Data are comprised from thirteen interviews and draw upon students and educators from education, child health, and child and youth studies programmes. The researchers adopted a qualitative, grounded theory methodology to analyze documentary themes and…
Medicine (41 obras) · Geography (34 obras) · Sociology (34 obras) · Environmental health (31 obras) · Political science (29 obras) · Demography (28 obras) · Psychology (27 obras) · Population (24 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (22 obras) · Demography (19 obras)