Alexandra Havdahl
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 1937019 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Alexandra Havdahl |
| NOMBRES | Alexandra |
| APELLIDO | Havdahl |
| FIRMA | HAVDAHL A |
| AFILIACIONES | Nic Waals Institute Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital Oslo Norway |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9268-0423 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 0 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2020 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 0 |
Youth psychotic experiences
BACKGROUND: Adolescent self-reported psychotic experiences are associated with mental illness and could help guide prevention strategies. Youth report substantially more experiences than adults. However, with large societal changes like the digital revolution and COVID-19 pandemic, existing questionnaires may no longer accurately capture youth experiences. We aimed to determine the ability of the CAPE-16 questionnaire in capturing psychotic exper…
Evocative effects of children's education‐associated genetics on maternal parenting
Background It has long been hypothesized that increasing heritability with age of cognitive and educational performance is partly attributable to evocative gene–environment correlation. However, this hypothesis has not been widely tested. Methods We addressed this gap by examining whether children's education polygenic scores ( PGS edu ) were associated with maternal self‐reported positive and literacy‐focused parenting when children were 5 years…
Student–teacher relationships as a mediator of children's education‐linked genetics
Background Genetic differences are robustly associated with educational outcomes, but how they become linked is poorly understood. A plausible hypothesis, yet to be thoroughly empirically tested, is that the school environment mediates the association. Methods Using structural equation models, we tested whether the student–teacher relationship at age 5 (teacher‐reported Student–Teacher Relationship Scale) mediated the association between children…
Indirect genetic effects of siblings
BACKGROUND: Within-family designs are increasingly used to decompose genotype-trait associations into direct and indirect genetic effects. Many such designs, including trio designs or within-sibship designs, assume an absence of sibling indirect genetic effects. METHODS: We expand two well-known molecular genetic within-family designs, one variance component (genome-based restricted maximum likelihood) and one trait-based (structural equation mod…
Childhood internalising symptoms at ages 3 and 6
BACKGROUND: Pre- and postpartum environments and genetic effects influence childhood internalising problems, which increase depression risk. DNA methylation (DNAm) may capture some of these effects. We therefore investigated associations between child blood DNAm and internalising problems. METHODS: We meta-analysed probe and region-level epigenome-wide association studies using data from 3 European birth cohorts (ALSPAC, MoBa, Generation R; analy…
Childhood trajectories of emotional and behavioral difficulties are related to polygenic liability for mood and anxiety disorders
Background Symptoms related to mood and anxiety disorders (emotional disorders) often present in childhood and adolescence. Some of the genetic liability for mental disorders, and emotional and behavioral difficulties seems to be shared. Yet, it is unclear how genetic liability for emotional disorders and related traits influence trajectories of childhood behavioral and emotional difficulties, and if specific developmental patterns are associated…
Direct and indirect genetic effects on early neurodevelopmental traits
BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental conditions are highly heritable. Recent studies have shown that genomic heritability estimates can be confounded by genetic effects mediated via the environment (indirect genetic effects). However, the relative importance of direct versus indirect genetic effects on early variability in traits related to neurodevelopmental conditions is unknown. METHODS: The sample included up to 24,692 parent-offspring trios from t…
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants of European ancestry
Age at onset of walking is an important early childhood milestone which is used clinically and in public health screening. In this genome-wide association study meta-analysis of age at onset of walking ( N = 70,560 European-ancestry infants), we identified 11 independent genome-wide significant loci. SNP-based heritability was 24.13% (95% confidence intervals = 21.86–26.40) with ~11,900 variants accounting for about 90% of it, suggesting high pol…
Genetics of monozygotic twins reveals the impact of environmental sensitivity on psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes
Individual sensitivity to environmental exposures may be genetically influenced. This genotype-by-environment interplay implies differences in phenotypic variance across genotypes, but these variants have proven challenging to detect. Genome-wide association studies of monozygotic twin differences are conducted through family-based variance analyses, which are more robust to the systemic biases that impact population-based methods. We combined da…
Attainment and loss of early social‐communication skills across neurodevelopmental conditions in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
BACKGROUND: Delays and loss of early-emerging social-communication skills are often discussed as unique to autism. However, most studies of regression have relied on retrospective recall and clinical samples. Here, we examine attainment and loss of social-communication skills in the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). METHODS: Mothers rated their child's attainment of 10 early-emerging social-communication ski…
Development of prosocial behavior and inhibitory control in late childhood
This study examined longitudinal development of prosocial behavior, assessed by the parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, and inhibitory control, measured by the Opposite Worlds Task, in a sample aged 9 and 12 years (n = 9468, 49.9% girls, 85.8% White) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The goal was to assess whether the level of prosocial behavior at age 9 relates to change in inhibitory control, and vice …
The Lancet Commission on the future of care and clinical research in autism
Early manifestations of genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (autism) and schizophrenia are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting the lives of many individuals. It is important to increase our understanding of how the polygenic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders manifests during childhood in boys and girls. METHODS: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD, autism and schizophrenia were calculated in a s…
On the importance of parenting in externalizing disorders
BACKGROUND: Theoretical models of the development of childhood externalizing disorders emphasize the role of parents. Empirical studies have not been able to identify specific aspects of parental behaviors explaining a considerable proportion of the observed individual differences in externalizing problems. The problem is complicated by the contribution of genetic factors to externalizing problems, as parents provide both genes and environments t…
Age of walking and intellectual ability in autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders
BACKGROUND: Delayed walking is common in intellectual disability (ID) but may be less common when ID occurs with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies examining this were limited by reliance on clinical samples and exclusion of children with severe motor deficits. OBJECTIVE: To examine in a population-based sample if age of walking is differentially related to intellectual ability in children with ASD versus other neurodevelopmental di…
Commentary
Neurodevelopmental disorders are widely acknowledged to be complex and multifactorial in origin, but this is rarely reflected in the approaches used to study them. We reflect on the 2021 Annual Research review and its introduction of a new conceptual framework designed to make the complexity of early neurodevelopment more empirically tractable. We evaluate the review authors’ justification, explanation, and guidance for implementation of their fr…
Combining multivariate genomic approaches to elucidate the comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders. Several lines of evidence point towards the presence of shared genetic factors underlying ASD and ADHD. We conducted genomic analyses of common risk variants (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) shared by ASD and ADHD, and those specific to each disorder. METHODS: With the summary data from …
Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems
BACKGROUND: Low educational attainment in parents is associated with child psychopathology. It is not clear whether the associations are due to risk factors that family members share or due to effects of maternal or paternal education on the offspring. We investigate whether associations between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and academic problems are…
Nationwide Study of Neuropsychiatric Comorbidity and Medicines Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Norway
Purpose: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a high rate of comorbidity. While many children with ASD are exposed to psychotropic medicines, their efficacy and safety in these patients are unclear. There is a need for more detailed knowledge on which medicines are most commonly used and for which disorders. We aimed to investigate (a) prevalence and incidence rate of ASD among Norwegian children, and further, among newly diagnosed ASD children in …
Sin obras prominentes en esta página.
Mechanisms linking parental educational attainment with child ADHD, depression, and academic problems
BACKGROUND: Low educational attainment in parents is associated with child psychopathology. It is not clear whether the associations are due to risk factors that family members share or due to effects of maternal or paternal education on the offspring. We investigate whether associations between maternal and paternal educational attainment and child symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and academic problems are…
Nationwide Study of Neuropsychiatric Comorbidity and Medicines Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Norway
Purpose: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a high rate of comorbidity. While many children with ASD are exposed to psychotropic medicines, their efficacy and safety in these patients are unclear. There is a need for more detailed knowledge on which medicines are most commonly used and for which disorders. We aimed to investigate (a) prevalence and incidence rate of ASD among Norwegian children, and further, among newly diagnosed ASD children in …
Age of walking and intellectual ability in autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders
BACKGROUND: Delayed walking is common in intellectual disability (ID) but may be less common when ID occurs with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies examining this were limited by reliance on clinical samples and exclusion of children with severe motor deficits. OBJECTIVE: To examine in a population-based sample if age of walking is differentially related to intellectual ability in children with ASD versus other neurodevelopmental di…
Commentary
Neurodevelopmental disorders are widely acknowledged to be complex and multifactorial in origin, but this is rarely reflected in the approaches used to study them. We reflect on the 2021 Annual Research review and its introduction of a new conceptual framework designed to make the complexity of early neurodevelopment more empirically tractable. We evaluate the review authors’ justification, explanation, and guidance for implementation of their fr…
Combining multivariate genomic approaches to elucidate the comorbidity between autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are two highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders. Several lines of evidence point towards the presence of shared genetic factors underlying ASD and ADHD. We conducted genomic analyses of common risk variants (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) shared by ASD and ADHD, and those specific to each disorder. METHODS: With the summary data from …
The Lancet Commission on the future of care and clinical research in autism
Early manifestations of genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (autism) and schizophrenia are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting the lives of many individuals. It is important to increase our understanding of how the polygenic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders manifests during childhood in boys and girls. METHODS: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD, autism and schizophrenia were calculated in a s…
On the importance of parenting in externalizing disorders
BACKGROUND: Theoretical models of the development of childhood externalizing disorders emphasize the role of parents. Empirical studies have not been able to identify specific aspects of parental behaviors explaining a considerable proportion of the observed individual differences in externalizing problems. The problem is complicated by the contribution of genetic factors to externalizing problems, as parents provide both genes and environments t…
Attainment and loss of early social‐communication skills across neurodevelopmental conditions in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
BACKGROUND: Delays and loss of early-emerging social-communication skills are often discussed as unique to autism. However, most studies of regression have relied on retrospective recall and clinical samples. Here, we examine attainment and loss of social-communication skills in the population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). METHODS: Mothers rated their child's attainment of 10 early-emerging social-communication ski…
Development of prosocial behavior and inhibitory control in late childhood
This study examined longitudinal development of prosocial behavior, assessed by the parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire, and inhibitory control, measured by the Opposite Worlds Task, in a sample aged 9 and 12 years (n = 9468, 49.9% girls, 85.8% White) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The goal was to assess whether the level of prosocial behavior at age 9 relates to change in inhibitory control, and vice …
Childhood trajectories of emotional and behavioral difficulties are related to polygenic liability for mood and anxiety disorders
Background Symptoms related to mood and anxiety disorders (emotional disorders) often present in childhood and adolescence. Some of the genetic liability for mental disorders, and emotional and behavioral difficulties seems to be shared. Yet, it is unclear how genetic liability for emotional disorders and related traits influence trajectories of childhood behavioral and emotional difficulties, and if specific developmental patterns are associated…
Direct and indirect genetic effects on early neurodevelopmental traits
BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental conditions are highly heritable. Recent studies have shown that genomic heritability estimates can be confounded by genetic effects mediated via the environment (indirect genetic effects). However, the relative importance of direct versus indirect genetic effects on early variability in traits related to neurodevelopmental conditions is unknown. METHODS: The sample included up to 24,692 parent-offspring trios from t…
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of age at onset of walking in over 70,000 infants of European ancestry
Age at onset of walking is an important early childhood milestone which is used clinically and in public health screening. In this genome-wide association study meta-analysis of age at onset of walking ( N = 70,560 European-ancestry infants), we identified 11 independent genome-wide significant loci. SNP-based heritability was 24.13% (95% confidence intervals = 21.86–26.40) with ~11,900 variants accounting for about 90% of it, suggesting high pol…
Genetics of monozygotic twins reveals the impact of environmental sensitivity on psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes
Individual sensitivity to environmental exposures may be genetically influenced. This genotype-by-environment interplay implies differences in phenotypic variance across genotypes, but these variants have proven challenging to detect. Genome-wide association studies of monozygotic twin differences are conducted through family-based variance analyses, which are more robust to the systemic biases that impact population-based methods. We combined da…
Youth psychotic experiences
BACKGROUND: Adolescent self-reported psychotic experiences are associated with mental illness and could help guide prevention strategies. Youth report substantially more experiences than adults. However, with large societal changes like the digital revolution and COVID-19 pandemic, existing questionnaires may no longer accurately capture youth experiences. We aimed to determine the ability of the CAPE-16 questionnaire in capturing psychotic exper…
Evocative effects of children's education‐associated genetics on maternal parenting
Background It has long been hypothesized that increasing heritability with age of cognitive and educational performance is partly attributable to evocative gene–environment correlation. However, this hypothesis has not been widely tested. Methods We addressed this gap by examining whether children's education polygenic scores ( PGS edu ) were associated with maternal self‐reported positive and literacy‐focused parenting when children were 5 years…
Student–teacher relationships as a mediator of children's education‐linked genetics
Background Genetic differences are robustly associated with educational outcomes, but how they become linked is poorly understood. A plausible hypothesis, yet to be thoroughly empirically tested, is that the school environment mediates the association. Methods Using structural equation models, we tested whether the student–teacher relationship at age 5 (teacher‐reported Student–Teacher Relationship Scale) mediated the association between children…
Indirect genetic effects of siblings
BACKGROUND: Within-family designs are increasingly used to decompose genotype-trait associations into direct and indirect genetic effects. Many such designs, including trio designs or within-sibship designs, assume an absence of sibling indirect genetic effects. METHODS: We expand two well-known molecular genetic within-family designs, one variance component (genome-based restricted maximum likelihood) and one trait-based (structural equation mod…
Childhood internalising symptoms at ages 3 and 6
BACKGROUND: Pre- and postpartum environments and genetic effects influence childhood internalising problems, which increase depression risk. DNA methylation (DNAm) may capture some of these effects. We therefore investigated associations between child blood DNAm and internalising problems. METHODS: We meta-analysed probe and region-level epigenome-wide association studies using data from 3 European birth cohorts (ALSPAC, MoBa, Generation R; analy…
Psychology (12 obras) · Developmental psychology (10 obras) · Autism Spectrum Disorder Research (8 obras) · Medicine (8 obras) · Psychiatry (8 obras) · Autism (7 obras) · Cohort (7 obras) · Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (6 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (6 obras) · Clinical Psychology (6 obras)