Hiram E Fitzgerald
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 196392 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Hiram E Fitzgerald |
| NOMBRES | Hiram E |
| APELLIDO | Fitzgerald |
| FIRMA | FITZGERALD H E |
| AFILIACIONES | Michigan State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8365-8585 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 75 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 202 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 74 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1968 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Family systems and relationships
Demographic and psychological factors that predict retention in infant mental health home visiting
Handbook of Children and Prejudice
The early biopsychosocial development of boys and the origins of violence in males
We apply a biopsychosocial approach to introduce early‐in‐life experiences that explain a significant part of the male preponderance in the perpetration of violence. Early caregiver abuse and neglect, father absence, and exposure to family and neighborhood violence exacerbate boys’ greater risk for aggressive behavior and increase the probability of carrying out violent acts later in life. We examine the development of the psychological self and …
Psychology of Boys at Risk
In utero and during the first 5 years of life, boys face unique risks as a result of neurobiological and environmental factors. This introductory article to the Special Issue describes the background of this gender‐specific inquiry and outlines some of those risks, drawing attention to the areas that will be covered in depth in the following contributions. We also describe the basis of this inquiry as the link between early life and the subsequen…
Public Policy, Child Development Research and Boys at Risk
Research findings documenting the issues and challenges of boys prebirth through age 5 years have barely penetrated the arena of public policy making nor has it permeated the public agenda of politicians, government, or other funding stakeholders. The purpose of this article is to articulate pathways for researchers to enter into the policy‐making process. We review critical issues related to implementing the process of public policy. We argue th…
Boys, Early Risk Factors for Alcohol Problems, and the Development of the Self
Alcohol‐use disorders are a major public health issue worldwide. Although drinking and problematic alcohol use usually begins during adolescence, developmental origins of the disorder can be traced back to infancy and early childhood. Identification of early risk factors is essential to understanding developmental origins. Using data from the Michigan Longitudinal Study, an ongoing, prospective, high‐risk family study, this article summarizes fin…
The Worldwide Burden of Infant Mental and Emotional Disorder
Children worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Doh…
Reflections on Fathers and Infant Mental Health
Examining Long-Term Effects of an Infant Mental Health Home-Based Early Head Start Program on Family Strengths and Resilience
Infant Mental Health based interventions aim to promote the healthy development of infants and toddlers through promoting healthy family functioning to foster supportive relationships between the young child and his or her important caregivers. This study examined impacts of an Infant Mental Health home-based Early Head Start (IMH-HB EHS) program on family functioning. The sample includes 152 low-income families in the Midwestern United States, e…
The Ecology of Father‐Child Relationships
We expand our 2007 heuristic model of father involvement using recent research on the dynamic and reciprocal processes by which fathers influence children's development over time. Based on new evidence, our expanded model incorporates more dynamic reciprocity, temporal factors, and nuanced considerations of context in which fathers parent. We identify aspects of context as well as fathers' personality and behavior that are central to the next gen…
They don't look at what affects us’
Objectives. Latinos with disabilities disproportionately report substance use, including binge drinking and drug use. Ecodevelopmental factors, including socioeconomic patterning of poverty, social exclusion, and post-colonial racism, have been shown to impact alcohol and drug use. However, this line of research remains underdeveloped among Latinos with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to obtain rich descriptions of the role of ecodeve…
Stability of Biological Father Presence as a Proxy for Family Stability
The current study, utilizing data from the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (Love et al., 2005) explored the relationship between biological father presence and emotion regulation over toddlerhood among children from low-income families. Conceptualizing biological father presence as a proxy for family role development, results are interpreted from a role development theoretical perspective. The latent growth curve model w…
Transition
The Role of Intrapersonal Factors on Alcohol and Drug Use Among Latinos With Physical Disabilities
Persons with disabilities are disproportionately impacted by alcohol and drug use. Social work best practice approaches require an understanding of the effects of intrapersonal factors on alcohol and drug use, yet the theoretical and empirical literature remain underdeveloped, especially among ethnic minority populations. We sought to obtain a detailed description of the role of intrapersonal factors, including perceptions and life experiences, o…
Transition and moving forward
Success and change
Toddlers' Social‐emotional Competence in the Contexts of Maternal Emotion Socialization and Contingent Responsiveness in a Low‐income Sample
Early social‐emotional development occurs in the context of parenting, particularly via processes such as maternal emotion socialization and parent–child interactions. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that maternal contingent responsiveness partially mediated the relationship between maternal emotion socialization of toddlers (N = 119, ages 12–36 months) and toddlers' social‐emotional competence. Effect size was strongest for t…
Gender, Race and Morality in the Virtual World and Its Relationship to Morality in the Real World
Transitions
Development of infants and toddlers in ethnoracial families
Early emotional development in infants and toddlers
As part of a curriculum‐development project, focus groups were implemented with Early Head Start staff and with parents of infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start. Focus groups were designed to identify staff and parent beliefs about early emotional development. Three major themes were identified that crossed the staff and parent focus groups: (a) Infants' and toddlers' abilities to have emotions and to be aware of others' emotions; (b)…
Race, Gender, and Information Technology Use
This research examined race and gender differences in the intensity and nature of IT use and whether IT use predicted academic performance. A sample of 515 children (172 African Americans and 343 Caucasian Americans), average age 12 years old, completed surveys as part of their participation in the Children and Technology Project. Findings indicated race and gender differences in the intensity of IT use; African American males were the least inte…
The infant's relational worlds
Une étude exploratoire. Interaction entre les dyades mère-nourrisson et père-nourrisson chez les couples à faible revenu
Vingt-neuf parents à faible revenu et leurs nourrissons ont participé à une recherche exploratoire portant sur les interactions parent-nourrisson et décrivant le niveau d'interactions, les similarités et les différences au sein des dyades mère-nourrisson et père-nourrisson. L'échelle de mesure Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale, un instrument d'observation standardisé de 73 items, a été utilisée pour mesurer les interactions. Les résultats o…
The Ecology of Father‐Child Relationships
We expand our 2007 heuristic model of father involvement using recent research on the dynamic and reciprocal processes by which fathers influence children's development over time. Based on new evidence, our expanded model incorporates more dynamic reciprocity, temporal factors, and nuanced considerations of context in which fathers parent. We identify aspects of context as well as fathers' personality and behavior that are central to the next gen…
Does home internet use influence the academic performance of low-income children
HomeNetToo is a longitudinal field study designed to examine the antecedents and consequences of home Internet use in low-income families
The Worldwide Burden of Infant Mental and Emotional Disorder
Children worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Doh…
Examining Long-Term Effects of an Infant Mental Health Home-Based Early Head Start Program on Family Strengths and Resilience
Infant Mental Health based interventions aim to promote the healthy development of infants and toddlers through promoting healthy family functioning to foster supportive relationships between the young child and his or her important caregivers. This study examined impacts of an Infant Mental Health home-based Early Head Start (IMH-HB EHS) program on family functioning. The sample includes 152 low-income families in the Midwestern United States, e…
Toddlers' Social‐emotional Competence in the Contexts of Maternal Emotion Socialization and Contingent Responsiveness in a Low‐income Sample
Early social‐emotional development occurs in the context of parenting, particularly via processes such as maternal emotion socialization and parent–child interactions. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that maternal contingent responsiveness partially mediated the relationship between maternal emotion socialization of toddlers (N = 119, ages 12–36 months) and toddlers' social‐emotional competence. Effect size was strongest for t…
Adults' perceptions of infant sex and cuteness
Factors Related to Successful Outcomes Among Preschool Children Born to Low-Income Adolescent Mothers
The purpose of this study was to describe how the experiences and circumstances of the most successful children born to low-income adolescent mothers differed from the experiences and circumstances of the least successful children over the first 54 months of their lives. Success was defined as scoring in the top quartile for this sample on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) when the children were 54 months old and about to make …
Early Head Start and infant mental health
Psychology of Boys at Risk
In utero and during the first 5 years of life, boys face unique risks as a result of neurobiological and environmental factors. This introductory article to the Special Issue describes the background of this gender‐specific inquiry and outlines some of those risks, drawing attention to the areas that will be covered in depth in the following contributions. We also describe the basis of this inquiry as the link between early life and the subsequen…
Boys, Early Risk Factors for Alcohol Problems, and the Development of the Self
Alcohol‐use disorders are a major public health issue worldwide. Although drinking and problematic alcohol use usually begins during adolescence, developmental origins of the disorder can be traced back to infancy and early childhood. Identification of early risk factors is essential to understanding developmental origins. Using data from the Michigan Longitudinal Study, an ongoing, prospective, high‐risk family study, this article summarizes fin…
Stability of Biological Father Presence as a Proxy for Family Stability
The current study, utilizing data from the National Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (Love et al., 2005) explored the relationship between biological father presence and emotion regulation over toddlerhood among children from low-income families. Conceptualizing biological father presence as a proxy for family role development, results are interpreted from a role development theoretical perspective. The latent growth curve model w…
Lessons learned from study of the developmental impact of parental alcohol use
This overview outlines the magnitude of the impact of parental substance abuse on children's development. The aim of this special issue is described: to encourage research productivity by promoting integration between two traditionally separate literatures with quite different theoretical perspectives: (1) the effects of prenatal substance exposure; and (2) the impact on children of postnatal rearing by parents addicted to substances. Because stu…
Reflections on Fathers and Infant Mental Health
Exposure of Low-Income Families and Their Children to Neighborhood Violence and Paternal Antisocial Behavior
Cognitive and motoric functioning of sons of alcoholic fathers and controls
This study compared cognitive and motoric abilities of male preschoolers with alcoholic fathers with matched community comparison boys. Despite meticulous neighborhood searches, socioeco- nomic status (SES) and Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores of control families were significantly higher than alcoholic families. Among high-risk boys, overall developmental quotient, fine motor, and personal/social development were…
Public Policy, Child Development Research and Boys at Risk
Research findings documenting the issues and challenges of boys prebirth through age 5 years have barely penetrated the arena of public policy making nor has it permeated the public agenda of politicians, government, or other funding stakeholders. The purpose of this article is to articulate pathways for researchers to enter into the policy‐making process. We review critical issues related to implementing the process of public policy. We argue th…
Exposure of Low-Income Families and Their Children to Neighborhood Violence and Paternal Antisocial Behavior
Objective. We examined the relation between neighborhood violence and father antisocial behavior with a national sample of fathers from low-income families with 3-year-old children Design. Children were classified into 4 groups based on their exposure to father antisocial behavior and neighborhood violence. Results. Children who experience high levels of each performed more poorly on indicators of emotion regulation. Children in risk groups were …
Cross cultural research during infancy
Family stress and parent–infant interaction
Stress, whether in the form of daily hassles, chronic life stressors, or stressful life events, has consistently been shown to impact the quality of the parent–child relationship. Coping has been defined as any strategy meant to manage stressful situations or events. To the extent that daily hassles and life events evoke strategies for coping with stress, the efficacy of such strategies could impact the quality of family relationships. The focus …
Classical conditioning in infancy
The early biopsychosocial development of boys and the origins of violence in males
We apply a biopsychosocial approach to introduce early‐in‐life experiences that explain a significant part of the male preponderance in the perpetration of violence. Early caregiver abuse and neglect, father absence, and exposure to family and neighborhood violence exacerbate boys’ greater risk for aggressive behavior and increase the probability of carrying out violent acts later in life. We examine the development of the psychological self and …
Development of infants and toddlers in ethnoracial families
Early emotional development in infants and toddlers
As part of a curriculum‐development project, focus groups were implemented with Early Head Start staff and with parents of infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start. Focus groups were designed to identify staff and parent beliefs about early emotional development. Three major themes were identified that crossed the staff and parent focus groups: (a) Infants' and toddlers' abilities to have emotions and to be aware of others' emotions; (b)…
International collaboration in infant mental health
Social Competence in Children of Alcoholic Parents Over Time
In the current study, the authors tested the hypothesis that children of alcoholic parents (COAs) show deficits in social competence that begin in early childhood and escalate through middle adolescence. Teachers, parents, and children reported on the social competence of COAs and matched controls in a community sample assessed from ages 6 to 15. Hierarchical linear growth models revealed different patterns of change in social competence across d…
Differences in the Autonomic and Somatic Conditioning of Infants
Temporal and auditory classical conditioning of an autonomic response (pupillary reflex) and a somatic response (eyeblink) were attempted in 4 separate experiments with clinically normal human infants. Time as a conditional stimulus (CS) was effective for conditioning pupillary dilation and constriction, but sound as CS was ineffective. Conversely, sound was effective for conditioning eyeblinking, but time was not. These discrepancies in conditio…
Interstimulus Interval in Classical Pupillary Conditioning
Classical pupillary conditioning to CS-UCS intervals of 1.5, 6, and 9 sec. was studied in adult human beings. There was no evidence of uniform conditioning in any experimental group. Nevertheless, one or more Ss did condition in each experimental group. There was no evidence of conditioning in either control group (0-sec. SI)
Interaction of Stimulus and Response in Infant Conditioning
Tactile, auditory and temporal classic conditionings of a somatic response (sucking) were attempted in three separate experiments with clinically normal human infants. Conditioning to tactile and auditory CSs was successful, but not to temporal CS. These results were discussed apropos of differential conditionability as a function of the source of nervous system innervation of the CR and in terms of the importance of considering the interaction o…
Classical conditioning in infancy
Classical conditioning in infancy
Adults' perceptions of infant sex and cuteness
Journal review
Parents' perceptions of their infant's day care experience
Parents of infants who had been enrolled in a day-care center were asked to evaluate their day-care experience as well as their children's current development status. In general, parent evaluations provided strong support for day care as an effective means of supplementary infant care. When dissatisfaction with day care was expressed, it focused on matters pertaining to infant health, physical resources of the center, parent involvement in center…
Home-based intervention for infants with developmental disorders
A hom-based therapeutic program for infants with developmental disorders is described. The program is used at the Institute for Psychophysiological and Speech Disorders, Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Significant changes in infant developmental competence provide support for the use of parents as direct intervention agents for their infants. Positive changes in marital and family relationships are important side effects of parent involvement in the therap…
Fein RA
Mothers' responses to infant physical appearance
Mothers' responses to slides of infants were assessed. During individual presentations of the slides they showed increases in smiling to infant photographs in general, but showed large skin conductance responses only to pictures of their own infant. They did not look differentially at the photographs. During paired presentations, mothers looked longer at their own infant's photograph. Moreover, they looked longer at unfamiliar infants who they pe…
Teenage parenting and child development
Research related to the impact of teenage parenting upon a child's developmental status is reviewed. Though the empirical base is limited, several researchers agree that children born to teenage mothers show poor social and intellectual competence relative to children born to older mothers. However, if such developmental differences do exist, research to date has contributed little to an understanding of the causal mechanisms involved. The common…
A Comparison of Teenage and Older Mothers
A multivariate causal model of the influence of childbearing and early child rearing was developed to investigate the potential impact of teenage mothers upon their children. The model was evaluated as a system linear equation using data obtained from a sample of 62 women (15-34 years old) and their firstborn children. From the complex results of the analysis the 2 most important relationships were that socioeconomic status was the strongest sing…
The infant's physical attractiveness
The results of a project concerned with studying infants' physical attractiveness are reviewed. Information on what makes an infant cute and what the effects of infant cuteness are, is provided. These findings and hypotheses derived from them are then discussed in relation to the bonding and attachment phenomena. It is suggested that adults' initial reactions to the appearance of any infant are similar to what occurs during bonding, whereas diffe…
Selma Fraiberg Award
Neurobehavioral reorganization in early infancy
Head orientation was investigated in a longitudinal study of 37 infants, who were observed at ages 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, during a 60-second period that followed each of four (60 second) midline or lateral holds. When newborn, the infants tended to lie with their heads to the right, but this bias weakened over the first 3 postnatal months. This rightward motor bias was constrained further by such factors as sex and holding position; both factors …
Spontaneous head positions in infants during the first 9 postnatal months
The developmental organization of spontaneous head positioning over the first 9 postnatal months of life was investigated in a study of 35 infants. Head positions assumed by infants while at rest were recorded at 11 observation period: at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks of age, and every 4 weeks thereafter until the infant was 36 weeks old. Results indicated an overall tendency toward a head-right position, which was strongest during the neonatal period…
Motor asymmetries in the human infant
Stepping movements were investigated for evidence of early motor asymmetry in 24 familial right-handed infants and 14 familial left-handed infants at each of five ages: 2–3 days after birth, 14 days, and 1, 2, and 3 months of age. Results indicated a nonsignificant right leg advantage during the newborn period, with few significant lateral preferences evidenced in either direction at later testing ages. These results fail to indicate that a relia…
On the state-dependent nature of infant head orientation
The relationship between infant state and head orientation after the head is held in a midline or lateral position was investigated longitudinally in infants 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of age. Across the four ages, there was a general decrease in the amount of time spent in an active-awake state, whereas the amount of time spent crying remained fairly stable. Overall, infants turned more often to the right than to the left, but this difference was mor…
Maternal perceptual style and mother-infant play behavior
Normal mothers' perceptions of an older child at play were used to assess maternal perceptual biases. Mothers then engaged in play encounters with their 15-month-old infants. Perceptual biases were related to infant and mother play behaviors. For example, positive perceptions were related to positive play and interpersonal behaviors, including mutual play and exchange games. The data suggest support for the hypothesis that maternal perceptions of…
Lateral Cradling Preferences in Men and Women
Photographs of men and women holding infants were analyzed for side of holding. Of the photographs of women, a significant majority (63%) showed left-side holding, consistent with previous reports. In contrast to these same reports, however, men also showed a left-side preference and by the same margin
A longitudinal study of lateral biases in parents' cradling and holding of infants
Lateral preferences in parents' cradling and holding of their infants were assessed in a longitudinal study commencing 1–3 days after birth and ending at 18 months. Right-handed parents showed a consistent left-side preference, which declined slightly as the infants grew older. Left-handed mothers showed an initial left-side preference and then more variable holding behavior, including right-side preferences, in some conditions. No relationship b…
Cognitive and motoric functioning of sons of alcoholic fathers and controls
This study compared cognitive and motoric abilities of male preschoolers with alcoholic fathers with matched community comparison boys. Despite meticulous neighborhood searches, socioeco- nomic status (SES) and Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores of control families were significantly higher than alcoholic families. Among high-risk boys, overall developmental quotient, fine motor, and personal/social development were…
The Path to Alcohol Problems Through Conduct Problems
A program to prevent the development of conduct problems among preschool sons of alcoholic fathers was established as a way to interrupt what is likely to be one of the major mediating factors in the development of risk for alcoholism in later years. A community sample of 104 alcoholic men who: (a) had been convicted for driving while impaired with high blood alcohol concentrations (BACs), Co) were living in an intact relationship, (c) were the f…
Melodies, systems, and contexts
Psychology (62 obras) · Developmental psychology (45 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (38 obras) · Sociology (25 obras) · Computer Science (21 obras) · Medicine (21 obras) · Library science (18 obras) · Psychiatry (18 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Early Childhood Education and Development (14 obras)