John D Cunningham
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 199158 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | John D Cunningham |
| NOMBRES | John D |
| APELLIDO | Cunningham |
| FIRMA | CUNNINGHAM J D |
| AFILIACIONES | Macquarie University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 123 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2010 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions
This study reports results from the first International Body Project (IBP-I), which surveyed 7,434 individuals in 10 major world regions about body weight ideals and body dissatisfaction. Participants completed the female Contour Drawing Figure Rating Scale (CDFRS) and self-reported their exposure to Western and local media. Results indicated there were significant cross-regional differences in the ideal female figure and body dissatisfaction, bu…
Attachment styles and other predictors of relationship satisfaction in dating couples
A sample of 186 dating couples completed questionnaires in order to examine the relevance of attachment styles, romantic beliefs, self‐esteem, and gender roles to relationship satisfaction. The aim was to assess whether male and female anxiety over abandonment and comfort with closeness, and interactions among them, predicted satisfaction beyond the contribution of the other variables. Using multiple‐regression analysis, it was found that attachm…
Community and client perceptions of psychologists and other health professionals
In an attempt to define Australian professional psychology's public image, a random sample of Sydney metropolitan area adults and adult clients of psychologists were surveyed to assess their knowledge of and attitudes towards mental health and physical-health professionals. The community group held more favourable opinions of the physical-health professionals than the mental health professionals, with psychologists generally rated quite low. The …
Cohabitation and Marriage
A nationwide Australian survey was conducted in order (1) to distinguish between married couples who either had or had not cohabited prior to marriage and (2) to distinguish between cohabiting couples who either did or did not marry subsequently. A total of 96 cohabiting couples and 117 married couples completed an omnibus 16-page questionnaire covering a variety of demographic, attitudinal, behavioral and personality domains. Couples were recont…
Women's emotional dependence on men
Experiences of Australian mothers who gave birth either at home, at a birth centre, or in hospital labour wards
The Work Attachment of Mothers with Preschool Children
The aim of this article is to describe the derivation and use of an index representing mothers' attachment to the workforce. This index is based on the proportion of time (equivalent full-time) the mother had worked since the birth of her first child and can be used as both a continuous and categorical variable. The sample comprised 166 Sydney-area families, each of which had at least one preschool-aged child. Relationships were examined with the…
Masculinity and Femininity
The present investigation is a reanalysis of data from Antill and Cunningham (1979, 1980, Marsh, Antill, & Cunningham, 1987) consisting of responses to five masculinity‐femininity (MF) instruments, two self‐esteem instruments, and two social desirability scales Correlations between M and F for the five instruments varied from 23 to approximately ‐ 10, support for distinguishable (nonbipolar) M and F factors was found for four of the instruments A…
The Work Motivations of Mothers with Preschool Children
This article provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the motivations for employment among a sample of 166 Sydney mothers, each of whom had at least one preschool-aged child. Mothers with high and moderate work attachment indicated a multiplicity of motives, of both an extrinsic (financial) and intrinsic (e.g., personal satisfaction, sense of achievement) nature. In contrast, the majority of women with low work attachment cited extreme…
Masculinity, Femininity, and Androgyny
The present investigation is a reanalysis of data from Antill and Cunningham (1979,1980) consisting of responses to five Masculinity‐Femininity (MF) instruments, two self‐esteem instruments, and two social desirability instruments The present study examined recently developed models of the MF/ esteem relation and the influence of social desirability on this relation The unique contribution of Masculinity (M) to esteem was consistently more positi…
Changes in masculinity and femininity across the family life cycle
Comparative Factor Analyses of the Personal Attributes Questionnaire and the Bem Sex-Role Inventory
Interest in the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) of Spence et al. (1975) as a measure of androgyny suggests the need to discover whether it exhibits the same factor structure as other androgyny measures, e.g., the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974). Responses from 104 male and 133 female university students were analyzed by the principal components method separately for (1) PAQ items only and for (2) PAQ and BSRI items together. Both…
Marital-Status and Sex Differences in Problems Reported by Married and Cohabiting Couples
Fifty married and 50 unmarried, cohabiting couples were asked to describe four problems which occurred in their relationship—problems in which one partner was unhappy about the other's behavior, or in which the two of them disagreed about joint decisions. Despite overall similarity of the kinds of problems reported by married and cohabiting couples, married women were particularly likely to complain that their husbands did not give them sufficien…
Sex differences in performance on ability tests as a function of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny
A comparison among five masculinity-femininity-androgyny instruments and two methods of scoring androgyny
The recent surge in empirical work on androgyny requires a comparison among the different instruments and different methods by which masculinity, femininity, and androgyny are measured. Subjects (N = 237) completed five instruments, which were scored for androgyny, by both Bem's (1974) t-ratio and Spence, Helmreich, and Stapp's (1975) median-split methods, and for masculinity and femininity. Confirmatory factor analysis of the total scores failed…
Self-esteem as a function of masculinity in both sexes.
Self as actor, active observer, and passive observer
Effects of Success and Failure on Children's Perceptions of Internal-External Locus of Control
Little attention has been devoted to the effects of childhood achievement experiences as they might determine generalized internal-external control orientations (I-F). It was hypothesized that chronic success or failure on intellectual tasks will lead to expectancies of internal or external control, respectively. Nine- and ten-year-old school children were presented with a competitive dot-counting task in which success and failure were manipulate…
Sex differences in comments made during conflict within close heterosexual pairs
The measurement of masculinity, femininity and androgyny
In a recent article, Rowland has presented proportions of males and females scoring masculine, feminine and androgynous on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). Among others, her conclusion that fewer Australian males are masculine sex-typed than their American counterparts is fallacious because of limitations in the design of the study, the analysis and reporting of the data, and the inferences drawn from those results. In the present study the BSR…
The Role of Biased Scanning in Counterattitudinal Advocacy
Two experiments tested the biased-scanning hypothesis that high financial inducement leads to greater cognitive contact with counterattitudinal arguments and thus to greater attitude change. In Experiment I, given time to listen to only half of the pro- and counterattitudinal material, role-players attended primarily to counterattitudinal arguments. In Experiment II, given sufficient time to listen to all material, role-players sought out pro-att…
Boys meet girls
Causal attributions for interpersonal events of varying magnitude 1
A closer examination of causal inference
A closer examination of causal inference
Sex differences in comments made during conflict within close heterosexual pairs
Changes in masculinity and femininity across the family life cycle
Community and client perceptions of psychologists and other health professionals
In an attempt to define Australian professional psychology's public image, a random sample of Sydney metropolitan area adults and adult clients of psychologists were surveyed to assess their knowledge of and attitudes towards mental health and physical-health professionals. The community group held more favourable opinions of the physical-health professionals than the mental health professionals, with psychologists generally rated quite low. The …
Cohabitation and Marriage
A nationwide Australian survey was conducted in order (1) to distinguish between married couples who either had or had not cohabited prior to marriage and (2) to distinguish between cohabiting couples who either did or did not marry subsequently. A total of 96 cohabiting couples and 117 married couples completed an omnibus 16-page questionnaire covering a variety of demographic, attitudinal, behavioral and personality domains. Couples were recont…
Self as actor, active observer, and passive observer
Marital-Status and Sex Differences in Problems Reported by Married and Cohabiting Couples
Fifty married and 50 unmarried, cohabiting couples were asked to describe four problems which occurred in their relationship—problems in which one partner was unhappy about the other's behavior, or in which the two of them disagreed about joint decisions. Despite overall similarity of the kinds of problems reported by married and cohabiting couples, married women were particularly likely to complain that their husbands did not give them sufficien…
Women's emotional dependence on men
Experiences of Australian mothers who gave birth either at home, at a birth centre, or in hospital labour wards
A comparison among five masculinity-femininity-androgyny instruments and two methods of scoring androgyny
The recent surge in empirical work on androgyny requires a comparison among the different instruments and different methods by which masculinity, femininity, and androgyny are measured. Subjects (N = 237) completed five instruments, which were scored for androgyny, by both Bem's (1974) t-ratio and Spence, Helmreich, and Stapp's (1975) median-split methods, and for masculinity and femininity. Confirmatory factor analysis of the total scores failed…
The Work Motivations of Mothers with Preschool Children
This article provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the motivations for employment among a sample of 166 Sydney mothers, each of whom had at least one preschool-aged child. Mothers with high and moderate work attachment indicated a multiplicity of motives, of both an extrinsic (financial) and intrinsic (e.g., personal satisfaction, sense of achievement) nature. In contrast, the majority of women with low work attachment cited extreme…
The measurement of masculinity, femininity and androgyny
In a recent article, Rowland has presented proportions of males and females scoring masculine, feminine and androgynous on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). Among others, her conclusion that fewer Australian males are masculine sex-typed than their American counterparts is fallacious because of limitations in the design of the study, the analysis and reporting of the data, and the inferences drawn from those results. In the present study the BSR…
Boys meet girls
Sex differences in performance on ability tests as a function of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny
Causal attributions for interpersonal events of varying magnitude 1
A closer examination of causal inference
Boys meet girls
The Role of Biased Scanning in Counterattitudinal Advocacy
Two experiments tested the biased-scanning hypothesis that high financial inducement leads to greater cognitive contact with counterattitudinal arguments and thus to greater attitude change. In Experiment I, given time to listen to only half of the pro- and counterattitudinal material, role-players attended primarily to counterattitudinal arguments. In Experiment II, given sufficient time to listen to all material, role-players sought out pro-att…
Effects of Success and Failure on Children's Perceptions of Internal-External Locus of Control
Little attention has been devoted to the effects of childhood achievement experiences as they might determine generalized internal-external control orientations (I-F). It was hypothesized that chronic success or failure on intellectual tasks will lead to expectancies of internal or external control, respectively. Nine- and ten-year-old school children were presented with a competitive dot-counting task in which success and failure were manipulate…
Sex differences in comments made during conflict within close heterosexual pairs
The measurement of masculinity, femininity and androgyny
In a recent article, Rowland has presented proportions of males and females scoring masculine, feminine and androgynous on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). Among others, her conclusion that fewer Australian males are masculine sex-typed than their American counterparts is fallacious because of limitations in the design of the study, the analysis and reporting of the data, and the inferences drawn from those results. In the present study the BSR…
Self-esteem as a function of masculinity in both sexes.
Self as actor, active observer, and passive observer
A comparison among five masculinity-femininity-androgyny instruments and two methods of scoring androgyny
The recent surge in empirical work on androgyny requires a comparison among the different instruments and different methods by which masculinity, femininity, and androgyny are measured. Subjects (N = 237) completed five instruments, which were scored for androgyny, by both Bem's (1974) t-ratio and Spence, Helmreich, and Stapp's (1975) median-split methods, and for masculinity and femininity. Confirmatory factor analysis of the total scores failed…
Comparative Factor Analyses of the Personal Attributes Questionnaire and the Bem Sex-Role Inventory
Interest in the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) of Spence et al. (1975) as a measure of androgyny suggests the need to discover whether it exhibits the same factor structure as other androgyny measures, e.g., the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974). Responses from 104 male and 133 female university students were analyzed by the principal components method separately for (1) PAQ items only and for (2) PAQ and BSRI items together. Both…
Marital-Status and Sex Differences in Problems Reported by Married and Cohabiting Couples
Fifty married and 50 unmarried, cohabiting couples were asked to describe four problems which occurred in their relationship—problems in which one partner was unhappy about the other's behavior, or in which the two of them disagreed about joint decisions. Despite overall similarity of the kinds of problems reported by married and cohabiting couples, married women were particularly likely to complain that their husbands did not give them sufficien…
Sex differences in performance on ability tests as a function of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny
Changes in masculinity and femininity across the family life cycle
Masculinity, Femininity, and Androgyny
The present investigation is a reanalysis of data from Antill and Cunningham (1979,1980) consisting of responses to five Masculinity‐Femininity (MF) instruments, two self‐esteem instruments, and two social desirability instruments The present study examined recently developed models of the MF/ esteem relation and the influence of social desirability on this relation The unique contribution of Masculinity (M) to esteem was consistently more positi…
Masculinity and Femininity
The present investigation is a reanalysis of data from Antill and Cunningham (1979, 1980, Marsh, Antill, & Cunningham, 1987) consisting of responses to five masculinity‐femininity (MF) instruments, two self‐esteem instruments, and two social desirability scales Correlations between M and F for the five instruments varied from 23 to approximately ‐ 10, support for distinguishable (nonbipolar) M and F factors was found for four of the instruments A…
The Work Motivations of Mothers with Preschool Children
This article provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the motivations for employment among a sample of 166 Sydney mothers, each of whom had at least one preschool-aged child. Mothers with high and moderate work attachment indicated a multiplicity of motives, of both an extrinsic (financial) and intrinsic (e.g., personal satisfaction, sense of achievement) nature. In contrast, the majority of women with low work attachment cited extreme…
The Work Attachment of Mothers with Preschool Children
The aim of this article is to describe the derivation and use of an index representing mothers' attachment to the workforce. This index is based on the proportion of time (equivalent full-time) the mother had worked since the birth of her first child and can be used as both a continuous and categorical variable. The sample comprised 166 Sydney-area families, each of which had at least one preschool-aged child. Relationships were examined with the…
Women's emotional dependence on men
Experiences of Australian mothers who gave birth either at home, at a birth centre, or in hospital labour wards
Cohabitation and Marriage
A nationwide Australian survey was conducted in order (1) to distinguish between married couples who either had or had not cohabited prior to marriage and (2) to distinguish between cohabiting couples who either did or did not marry subsequently. A total of 96 cohabiting couples and 117 married couples completed an omnibus 16-page questionnaire covering a variety of demographic, attitudinal, behavioral and personality domains. Couples were recont…
Community and client perceptions of psychologists and other health professionals
In an attempt to define Australian professional psychology's public image, a random sample of Sydney metropolitan area adults and adult clients of psychologists were surveyed to assess their knowledge of and attitudes towards mental health and physical-health professionals. The community group held more favourable opinions of the physical-health professionals than the mental health professionals, with psychologists generally rated quite low. The …
Attachment styles and other predictors of relationship satisfaction in dating couples
A sample of 186 dating couples completed questionnaires in order to examine the relevance of attachment styles, romantic beliefs, self‐esteem, and gender roles to relationship satisfaction. The aim was to assess whether male and female anxiety over abandonment and comfort with closeness, and interactions among them, predicted satisfaction beyond the contribution of the other variables. Using multiple‐regression analysis, it was found that attachm…
The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions
This study reports results from the first International Body Project (IBP-I), which surveyed 7,434 individuals in 10 major world regions about body weight ideals and body dissatisfaction. Participants completed the female Contour Drawing Figure Rating Scale (CDFRS) and self-reported their exposure to Western and local media. Results indicated there were significant cross-regional differences in the ideal female figure and body dissatisfaction, bu…
Psychology (23 obras) · Social Psychology (19 obras) · Developmental psychology (15 obras) · Social Psychology (13 obras) · Gender Roles and Identity Studies (10 obras) · Femininity (7 obras) · Masculinity (7 obras) · Psychoanalysis (7 obras) · Androgyny (6 obras) · Sociology (6 obras)